Morphological and genetic analysis of Sulawesi Rhacophorus and description of a fourth species endemic to the island Author Hamidy, Amir Laboratory of Herpetology, Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Research Centre for Biosystematics and Evolution, National National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Gd. Widyasatwaloka, KST Soekarno, Jl. Raya Jakarta Bogor km 46, Cibinong, Bogor, West Java 16912, Indonesia. Author Riyanto, Awal Laboratory of Herpetology, Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Research Centre for Biosystematics and Evolution, National National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Gd. Widyasatwaloka, KST Soekarno, Jl. Raya Jakarta Bogor km 46, Cibinong, Bogor, West Java 16912, Indonesia. Author Munir, Misbahul † Deceased 28 February 2023. Author Gonggoli, Ade Damara Laboratory of Herpetology, Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Research Centre for Biosystematics and Evolution, National National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Gd. Widyasatwaloka, KST Soekarno, Jl. Raya Jakarta Bogor km 46, Cibinong, Bogor, West Java 16912, Indonesia. & Graduate Program of Animal Bioscience, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, West Java 16680, Indonesia. Author Trilaksono, Wahyu Laboratory of Herpetology, Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Research Centre for Biosystematics and Evolution, National National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Gd. Widyasatwaloka, KST Soekarno, Jl. Raya Jakarta Bogor km 46, Cibinong, Bogor, West Java 16912, Indonesia. Author Mcguire, Jimmy A. Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Valley Life Sciences Building, California, 3101, United States of America. & Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, Valley Life Sciences Building, California, 3101, United States of America. text Zootaxa 2025 2025-01-14 5569 2 201 230 https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5569.2.1 journal article 307796 10.11646/zootaxa.5569.2.1 73117c8d-abd2-4253-b9fc-358e7a002741 1175-5326 14704152 26E18D07-6CC3-46B2-8DB7-F38296F72C6C

TABLE 3. Morphological variations of adult males Sulawesian Rhacophorus, medians of ratios (R) measurements, relative to SVL, followed by ranges in parentheses.Abbreviations defined in the text.

Characters	Rhacophorus sp.				Rhacophorus monticola				Rhacophorus edentulus				Rhacophorus georgii
	Male (n=12)		Female (n=9)		Male (n=10)		Female (n=3)		Male (n=10)		Female (n=11)		Male (n=4)		Female (n=3)
	Mean ±SD Range		Mean ±SD Range		Mean ±SD Range		Mean ±SD Range		Mean ±SD Range		Mean ±SD Range		Mean ±SD Range		Mean ±SD Range
RHL	35.6±0.7	34.5–36.6	31.4±4.5	24.7–35.0	37.3±1.7	34.6–40.1	35.1±1.3	33.9–36.4	37.3±1.6	35.8–41.6	36.3±1.8	33.3–39.1	39.5±1.4	37.9–41.3	40.2±0.9	39.2–41.1
RHW	30.4±1.9	27.6–33.7	32.5±1	31.2–34.0	33.9±1.8	31.0–37.1	34.1±1.1	32.9–34.9	34.6±1.3	32.5–37.0	34.8±1.8	32.6–38.2	40.0±2.1	38.1–42.6	42.0±1.2	41.0–43.4
RSL	7.5±0.9	4.7–8.2	5.6±0.5	4.7–6.3	6.7±1.1	3.8–7.6	7.6±0.5	7.0–8.0	5.4±0.7	4.6–6.6	6.7±0.9	5.1–8.3	8.2±0.5	7.6–8.8	8.0±0.2	7.9–8.2
RIND	8.3±0.7	7.5–9.7	8.2±0.8	7.1–9.7	9.2±1.3	7.3–11.1	10.4±0.6	9.9–11.1	8.9±1.1	7.2–10.7	9.7±0.8	8.9–12.0	10.2±0.5	9.7–10.8	10.0±0.4	9.6–10.4
RIOD	11.5±0.7	10.5–12.5	10.8±0.6	10.1–12	12.6±1.0	10.2–14.2	11.7±0.7	11.0–12.5	13.6±0.8	12.4–14.7	12.4±0.9	11.2–13.7	15.1±1.9	13.2–17.8	16.1±0.9	15.5–17.1
RUEW	9.6±0.7	7.8–10.8	8.7±1.1	7.7–11.2	10.3±1.4	7.9–12.2	8.9±0.8	8.1–9.7	10.7±1.5	8.5–14.0	9.2±0.6	7.9–10.3	9.6±0.8	8.6–10.4	9.0±0.7	8.3–9.7
REL	15.5±1.1	13.4–17.1	14.4±1.1	12.5–15.8	17.1±1.1	14.9–18.5	13.1±0.9	12.5–14.1	17.4±0.9	16.1–18.5	14.8±1.3	13.3–17.1	13.8±0.7	12.8–14.6	12±0.4	11.6–12.5
RED	13.1±0.7	12.5–14.8	12.7±0.8	11.6–13.8	15.3±1.2	13.5–17.7	10.7±0.4	10.3–11.0	15.4±1.0	13.7–17.1	12.4±0.7	11.0–13.8	10.9±1.6	8.7–12.4	10.3±0.4	9.9–10.6
RTD	5.2±0.7	4.5–7.2	5.7±0.5	4.7–6.3	5.1±0.7	3.3–5.6	5.6±0.1	5.5–5.7	5.7±0.8	4.9–7.3	5.3±0.7	4.3–6.9	7.0±0.3	6.7–7.3	6.9±0.2	6.7–7.1
RTEL	2.7±0.4	1.8–3.2	2.9±0.5	2.1–3.9	3.0±0.6	2.3–4.0	1.7±0.5	1.2–2.2	4.1±0.8	3.2–5.2	2.0±0.4	1.4–2.4	2.7±0.4	2.1–2.9	2.9±0.3	2.7–3.2
RLAL	52.8±1.7	49.1–54.2	54±1.2	52.2–55.6	49.6±2.2	45.4–53.3	63.9±4.9	59.8–69.3	52.6±1.8	50.0–55.3	64.9±3.9	60.1–71.2	61.9±3.8	59.6–67.6	63.6±1.9	61.4–64.9
R1FL	17.0±0.7	16.1–18.3	19.2±1.5	16.7–20.9	16.8±1.1	15.4–18.4	17.2±1.0	16.0–17.9	16.5±0.6	15.7–17.3	16.5±1.3	14.8–19.2	16.8±0.9	15.9–18	19.0±0.6	18.3–19.4
RIPTL	7.6±0.9	6.8–9.9	6.9±0.8	5.4–8.1	6.7±0.7	5.7–7.4	6.9±0.3	6.6–7.1	6.2±0.7	5.5–7.7	6.6±0.3	6.1–7.0	7.6±0.5	6.9–8.2	7.6±0.3	7.3–7.9
R3FDW	6.4±0.7	4.9–7.6	7.2±0.9	6.2–8.9	6.1±0.5	5.6–7.2	6.3±0.5	5.7–6.8	6.2±0.6	5.5–7.0	5.9±0.5	5.1–6.8	6.5±0.5	5.9–6.9	7.6±0.2	7.4–7.9
R4FDW	6.1±0.7	5.0–7.4	5.9±0.9	4.1–6.9	5.8±1.2	4.4–8.8	6.0±0.4	5.6–6.3	5.7±0.6	4.9–6.5	5.8±0.5	5.2–6.6	6.3±0.1	6.2–6.4	7.2±0.1	7.1–7.3
RTHIGH	52.1±2.2	48.6–56.9	51.2±1.4	49.1–53.1	50.9±1.6	48.4–53.6	52.3±3.2	48.7–54.7	56.2±1.6	54.3–58.4	56.1±2.8	53.8–61.2	50.6±1.9	48.6–53.1	51.9±1.2	50.5–52.9
RTL	52.9±1.6	49.6–54.4	53.4±1.7	51–56.2	49.2±1.6	46.9–51.9	52.3±3.2	49.3–55.7	55.7±1.5	53.6–57.8	57.2±3.3	53.4–62.9	53.3±3.3	51.1–58.2	56.9±1.7	54.9–58.1
RFL	44.3±1.7	41.1–46.7	46.9±2.6	42.2–49.6	43.4±3.3	39.6–50.5	42.2±0.3	41.9–42.6	44.1±1.8	41.0–46.8	41.6±2.1	37.5–45.1	40.4±3.9	37.6–45.9	43.8±0.9	42.8–44.4
RIMTL	3.7±0.4	3.0–4.6	3.8±0.4	3.2–4.5	3.2±0.7	2.4–4.6	3.6±0.5	3.2–4.2	3.9±0.7	2.9–5.0	4.3±0.4	3.6–5.0	4.6±0.4	4.2–5.1	4.5±0.5	4.0–5.0
R1TOEL	17.1±0.8	16.0–18.3	19±2.1	15.2–21.9	16.5±1.5	14.4–19.6	16.7±0.8	16.0–17.5	15.4±1.3	13.7–17.0	16.0±1.1	13.8–17.5	16.1±1.0	15.4–17.5	18.2±1.1	17.3–19.4
R4TDW	4.9±0.4	3.6–5.2	5.1±0.7	3.6–5.7	4.9±0.4	4.1–5.5	5.2±0.4	4.8–5.5	4.8±0.6	3.7–5.5	4.7±0.4	3.9–5.4	5.0±0.5	4.6–5.6	5.7±0.3	5.5–6.0
RHL/HW	117.2 ±6.6	10.3–129.1	96.6±14.5	76.7–110.1	110.4 ±4.0	103.7–116.5	102.9 ±1.8	100.9–04.5	107.4 ±4.3	101.3–14.8	104.6±4.8	97.9–15.4	98.8±4.6	93.1–03.1	95.7±1.2	94.6–96.9
RFL/TL	85.6±3.4	79.2–90.2	87.8±5.8	75.2–94.8	85.6±5.8	81.1–99.5	80.9±5.2	75.2–85.6	79.1±2.1	76.5–82.4	72.9±4.4	68.0–81.6	75.7±2.9	72.9–78.8	77.1±3.2	74.2–80.6
RTL/ THIGH	101.0±2.6	93.2–103.9	104.3±1.8	101.6–06.5	96.4±1.4	95.1–99.0	99.9±2.6	96.9–101.8	99.2±3.9	93.2–104.3	101.9±1.7	99.4–105.4	132.2±5.1	126.9–37.1	109.7±0.9	108.8–110.5