Two new hypogean species of the genus Triplophysa (Osteichthyes, Cypriniformes, Nemacheilidae) from Guizhou Province, Southwest China, with underestimated diversity Author Lan, Chang-Ting https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2381-3601 School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China Author Wu, Li 0000-0002-7898-7517 School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China Author Luo, Tao 0000-0003-4186-1192 School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China Author Liu, Ye-Wei 0000-0003-4712-1072 School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou, China Author Zhou, Jia-Jun 0000-0003-1038-1540 Guangxi Key Laboratory for Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China & Zhejiang Forest Resource Monitoring Center, Hangzhou 310020, Zhejiang, China Author Yu, Jing https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3629-3826 School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China Author Zhao, Xin-Rui 0000-0002-9125-6276 School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China Author Xiao, Ning 0000-0002-7240-6726 Zhejiang Forestry Survey Planning and Design Company Limited, Hangzhou 310020, Zhejiang, China Author Zhou, Jiang 0000-0003-4186-1192 School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China text ZooKeys 2024 2024-10-09 1214 237 264 journal article 304378 10.3897/zookeys.1214.122439 031a2c1e-1c60-4ba1-a8e8-72c6b1215c62 PMC11484637 39421436 8B42B493-BD13-4D4C-9161-55978636D055

Table 5. Morphological comparison of Triplophysa ziyunensis sp. nov. (TZ), Triplophysa yaluwang sp. nov. (TY), T. wudangensis (TW), T. rosa (TR), T. qingzhenensis (TQ), and T. guizhouensis (TG). All units in mm. P - values are at the 95 % significance level.

	T. ziyunensis sp. nov.		T. yaluwang sp. nov.		T. wudangensis		T. rosa		T. qingzhenensis		T. guizhouensis		TY vs TG	TZ vs TW	TZ vs TR	TZ vs TQ
	Range	Mean ± SD	Range	Mean ± SD	Range	Mean ± SD	Range	Mean ± SD	Range	Mean ± SD	Range	Mean ± SD
Total length	78.6–120.0	103.8 ± 16.3	66.5–99.4	77.4 ± 15.3	73.4–85.9	79.5 ± 6.3	62.3–130.8	91.8 ± 23.8	84.6–123.3	109.6 ± 14.0	54.9–88.1	75.5 ± 12.2	0.808	0.101	0.386	0.38
Standard length	63.3–100.1	85.2 ± 14.4	54.1–83.9	64.3 ± 13.7	59.8–66.8	63.7 ± 3.6	49.8–104.3	74.0 ± 19.0	72.2–103	91.7 ± 11.4	45.8–72.8	62.5 ± 9.9	0.935	0.101	0.317	0.38
Head length	17.4–26.2	22.5 ± 3.6	13.4–19.7	15.3 ± 2.8	11.5–12.9	12.3 ± 0.7	14.7–28.6	21.0 ± 4.8	15.8–24.4	21.2 ± 3.2	6.2–16.7	13.3 ± 3.7	0.372	0.025	0.463	0.464
Head depth	8.6–11.9	10.5 ± 1.5	6.1–9.8	7.4 ± 1.7	6.6–7.4	7.0 ± 0.4	6.8–16.1	10.4 ± 3.0	8.6–12.9	11.3 ± 1.7	5.8–8.3	7.2 ± 0.9	0.935	0.025	0.739	0.188
Head width	10.5–16.1	12.9 ± 2.6	6.9–12.4	9.0 ± 2.4	8.2–9.2	8.8 ± 0.5	8.8–17.2	11.8 ± 2.6	10.2–15.8	13.5 ± 2.0	7.1–10.9	9.4 ± 1.3	0.57	0.025	0.386	0.884
Snout length	8.6–12	10.4 ± 1.6	0.0–9.3	6.0 ± 3.7	6.2–7	6.6 ± 0.4	7.3–10.4	8.7 ± 1.3	7.9–12.3	10.7 ± 1.7	5.2–7.4	6.4 ± 0.8	0.935	0.025	0.142	0.941
Eye diameter	0.4–1.2	0.9 ± 0.3	0.0–1.1	0.7 ± 0.4	0.6–0.7	0.6 ± 0.1	0.0–0.4	0.0 ± 0.1	0.2–0.3	0.2 ± 0.1	1.7–2.3	1.9 ± 0.2	0.004	0.227	0.001	0.003
Interorbital distance	4.5–6.5	5.4 ± 0.9	0.0–5	3.2 ± 1.9	4.0–4.5	4.3 ± 0.2	4.7–6.8	5.7 ± 0.9	5.1–7.7	6.8 ± 1.0	2.1–4.3	3.3 ± 0.9	0.685	0.025	0.327	0.028
Body depth	9.4–14.7	12.2 ± 2.3	6.5–13.5	9.1 ± 2.8	6.6–7.3	7.0 ± 0.4	5.9–17.2	10.2 ± 3.9	11.7–17	14.8 ± 1.9	6.3–11.2	8.8 ± 1.7	0.935	0.025	0.162	0.057
Body width	7.6–13.2	10.6 ± 2.5	8.1–9.1	8.5 ± 0.4	4.8–5.4	5.1 ± 0.3	4.3–14.7	7.9 ± 3.4	10.6–15.6	13.3 ± 1.9	5.8–9.8	7.3 ± 1.4	0.062	0.025	0.096	0.057
Maxillary barbel length	6.0–9.5	8.5 ± 1.5	3.0–6.8	4.9 ± 1.4	5.2–5.9	5.6 ± 0.3	5.1–10.3	7.5 ± 2.0	5.5–9.5	7.6 ± 1.3	3.9–6.4	5.2 ± 0.8	0.745	0.025	0.549	0.188
Outrostral barbel length	10.1–14.5	12.1 ± 1.8	5.3–8.1	6.4 ± 1.3	7.2–8.0	7.6 ± 0.4	6.5–10.6	8.4 ± 1.5	6.7–10.6	8.9 ± 1.3	4.6–7.7	6.2 ± 1.0	0.935	0.025	0.006	0.008
Inrostral barbel length	4.6–7	5.7 ± 0.9	2.2–4.5	3.5 ± 1.0	3.1–3.5	3.3 ± 0.2	3.2–6.5	4.5 ± 1.1	3.8–5.4	4.7 ± 0.6	2.8–3.9	3.3 ± 0.4	0.465	0.025	0.039	0.028
Dorsal-fin length	15.0–22.6	19.2 ± 3.2	11.1–16.1	13.0 ± 2.3	28.3–31.7	30.2 ± 1.7	13.4–26.9	18.2 ± 4.3	12.3–20.1	16.8 ± 2.9	9.0–14.4	12.6 ± 1.8	0.935	0.025	0.463	0.242
Dorsal-fin base length	9.6–13.4	11.8 ± 1.6	5.9–10.3	7.8 ± 1.8	7.3–8.2	7.8 ± 0.5	7.4–15.8	10.7 ± 3.2	7.9–9.6	8.8 ± 0.6	5.6–9.5	8.1 ± 1.3	0.808	0.025	0.463	0.005
Pectoral-fin length	13.7–21.7	18.5 ± 3.0	11.3–16.8	13.6 ± 2.2	12–13.4	12.8 ± 0.7	14.4–35.9	21.0 ± 6.6	14.3–21.7	17.9 ± 2.6	7.4–12.2	10.3 ± 1.6	0.019	0.025	0.386	0.661
Anal-fin length	11.9–18.2	15.6 ± 2.6	9.2–13.5	10.7 ± 1.9	9.8–10.9	10.4 ± 0.6	9.5–25.3	15.8 ± 4.8	10.2–16.1	14.0 ± 2.0	8.0–11.5	10.2 ± 1.2	0.935	0.025	0.841	0.188
Pelvic-fin length	11.6–19.3	15.3 ± 2.8	9.0–13.3	10.5 ± 1.9	9.2–10.2	9.8 ± 0.5	8.9–24.4	15.1 ± 4.8	10.8–16.8	14.0 ± 2.1	9.0–14.7	12.0 ± 1.8	0.372	0.025	0.641	0.38
Caudal peduncle length	9.8–16.9	13.6 ± 3.0	9.8–16.5	12.0 ± 2.8	11.8–13.1	12.5 ± 0.7	8.5–17.7	11.9 ± 3.5	11.9–18.2	15.9 ± 2.4	6.6–12.8	9.9 ± 2.4	0.291	0.655	0.257	0.107
Caudal peduncle depth	4.8–6.7	5.8 ± 0.8	3.8–6.6	4.8 ± 1.2	3.9–4.4	4.2 ± 0.2	3.1–9.3	5.5 ± 2.2	6.5–9.4	7.9 ± 1.0	3.5–5.9	4.8 ± 1.0	0.871	0.025	0.205	0.005