The blind catfish from the caves of Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae): description, anatomy, phylogenetic relationships, natural history, and biogeography
Author
Bockmann, Flávio A.
Laboratório de Ictiologia de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Biologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Comparada, Universidade de São Paulo. Av. dos Bandeirantes 3900, 14040 - 901 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
fabockmann@ffclrp.usp.br
Author
Castro, Ricardo M. C.
Laboratório de Ictiologia de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Biologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Comparada, Universidade de São Paulo. Av. dos Bandeirantes 3900, 14040 - 901 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
rmcastro@ffclrp.usp.br
text
Neotropical Ichthyology
2010
2010-12-16
8
4
673
706
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252010000400001&lng=en&tlng=en
journal article
314622
10.1590/S1679-62252010000400001
6d252401-229a-4ac2-afba-c1938a67ae38
1982-0224
12653557
Table 1. Morphometric features of Rhamdiopsis krugi, taken from: LIRP 5929 (holotype, Poço Encantado), LIRP 5930 (paratypes, Poço Encantado), MZUSP 92609 (paratypes, Poço Encantado), LIRP 5928 (paratypes, Lapa do Bode), and LIRP 5931 (paratype, Gruta Natal). Morphometric data 1-33 are expressed as percentage of standard length and 34-41 as percentage of head length. H = holotype; N = number of specimens; SD = Standard deviation. | Poço Encantado | Lapa do Bode | Gruta Natal | TOTAL |
|---|
| H | range | mean | SD | N | range | mean | SD | N | | N | range | mean | SD | N |
|---|
| min | max | min | max | | min | max |
|---|
| Total length (mm) | 43.3 | 25.1 | 43.3 | - | - | 11 | 25.7 | 38.6 | - | - | 8 | 40.0 | 1 | 25.1 | 43.3 | - | - | 20 |
|---|
| Standard length (mm) | 37.1 | 20.4 | 37.1 | - | - | 11 | 20.8 | 32.4 | - | - | 8 | 34.9 | 1 | 20.4 | 37.1 | - | - | 20 |
|---|
| 1. Predorsal length | 41.2 | 38.9 | 43.7 | 41.3 | 1.4 | 11 | 39.5 | 42.6 | 41.5 | 1.5 | 8 | 42.2 | 1 | 38.9 | 43.7 | 41.4 | 1.4 | 20 |
|---|
| 2. Preanal length | 63.4 | 62.9 | 66.3 | 64.6 | 1.1 | 11 | 61.7 | 66.9 | 64.6 | 1.7 | 8 | 65.8 | 1 | 61.7 | 66.9 | 64.7 | 1.3 | 20 |
|---|
| 3. Prepelvic length | 43.2 | 41.5 | 46.4 | 44.4 | 1.6 | 11 | 44.3 | 46.3 | 45.1 | 0.7 | 8 | 48.8 | 1 | 41.5 | 48.8 | 44.9 | 1.6 | 20 |
|---|
| 4. Preadipose length | 64.7 | 64.2 | 69.4 | 66.1 | 1.7 | 11 | 62.6 | 70.0 | 66.5 | 2.5 | 8 | 69.1 | 1 | 62.6 | 70.0 | 66.4 | 2.1 | 20 |
|---|
| 5. Caudal-peduncle length | 18.4 | 15.5 | 19.3 | 17.6 | 1.1 | 11 | 16.7 | 19.9 | 18.3 | 1.2 | 8 | 17.0 | 1 | 15.5 | 19.9 | 17.9 | 1.1 | 20 |
|---|
| 6. Caudal-peduncle depth | 6.6 | 6.0 | 7.6 | 6.9 | 0.5 | 11 | 6.0 | 7.6 | 7.1 | 0.5 | 8 | 6.8 | 1 | 6.0 | 7.6 | 7.0 | 0.5 | 20 |
|---|
| 7. Adipose-fin length | 25.8 | 25.5 | 28.7 | 27.3 | 1.3 | 11 | 28.0 | 30.7 | 29.1 | 0.9 | 8 | 24.4 | 1 | 24.4 | 30.7 | 27.9 | 1.6 | 20 |
|---|
| 8. Adipose-fin depth | 3.7 | 2.8 | 3.9 | 3.3 | 0.3 | 11 | 3.4 | 4.1 | 3.7 | 0.3 | 8 | 2.8 | 1 | 2.8 | 4.1 | 3.4 | 0.4 | 20 |
|---|
| 9. Dorsal fin to adipose fin | 15.1 | 12.1 | 16.2 | 14.1 | 1.3 | 11 | 11.8 | 16.0 | 14.4 | 1.5 | 8 | 15.7 | 1 | 11.8 | 16.2. | 14.3 | 1.4 | 20 |
|---|
| 10. Anal-fin base | 18.6 | 16.7 | 21.5 | 18.3 | 1.3 | 11 | 16.2 | 19.9 | 17.9 | 1.2 | 8 | 17.0 | 1 | 16.2 | 21.5 | 18.1 | 1.2 | 20 |
|---|
| 11. Snout-anus distance | 49.2 | 49.0 | 52.6 | 50.5 | 1.3 | 11 | 48.8 | 53.0 | 50.5 | 1.6 | 8 | 53.0 | 1 | 48.8 | 53.0 | 50.6 | 1.4 | 20 |
|---|
| 12. Snout-urogenital papilla distance | 51.4 | 51.9 | 56.4 | 53.6 | 1.5 | 11 | 52.1 | 55.5 | 53.9 | 1.2 | 8 | 57.5 | 1 | 51.9 | 57.5 | 53.9 | 1.6 | 20 |
|---|
| 13. Anus-urogenital papilla distance | 2.5 | 2.0 | 4.6 | 2.8 | 0.8 | 11 | 2.5 | 4.4 | 3.2 | 0.7 | 8 | 2.8 | 1 | 2.0 | 4.6 | 3.0 | 0.7 | 20 |
|---|
| 14. Length of first dorsal-fin ray (unbranched) | 11.4 | 10.6 | 15.7 | 13.0 | 1.5 | 11 | 11.1 | 14.8 | 13.1 | 1.1 | 8 | - | - | 10.6 | 15.7 | 13.0 | 1.3 | 19 |
|---|
| 15. Length of second dorsal-fin ray (first branched) | 13.2 | 13.7 | 18.6 | 15.7 | 1.8 | 11 | 15.1 | 18.7 | 16.4 | 1.3 | 8 | - | - | 13.7 | 18.7 | 16.0 | 1.6 | 19 |
|---|
| 16. Length of third dorsal-fin ray (second branched) | 15.0 | 14.4 | 18.7 | 16.1 | 1.3 | 11 | 15.3 | 18.3 | 16.8 | 0.8 | 8 | - | - | 14.4 | 18.7 | 16.4 | 1.2 | 19 |
|---|
| 17. Dorsal-fin base | 12.0 | 11.5 | 14.1 | 12.4 | 0.8 | 11 | 11.2 | 13.3 | 12.0 | 0.8 | 8 | 12.2 | 1 | 11.2 | 14.1 | 12.2 | 0.8 | 20 |
|---|
| 18. Length of first pectoral-fin ray (unbranched) | 11.1 | 11.0 | 14.8 | 12.9 | 1.3 | 11 | 12.1 | 14.0 | 13.1 | 0.7 | 8 | 12.0 | 1 | 11.0 | 14.8 | 13.0 | 1.1 | 20 |
|---|
| 19. Length of rigid part of first pectoral-fin ray | 4.9 | 3.8 | 6.9 | 5.4 | 0.8 | 11 | 3.7 | 5.6 | 4.3 | 0.7 | 8 | 4.5 | 1 | 3.7 | 6.9 | 4.9 | 0.9 | 20 |
|---|
| 20. Length of second pectoral-fin ray (first branched) | 13.4 | 13.4 | 16.7 | 14.5 | 1.0 | 11 | 13.3 | 16.1 | 14.6 | 0.9 | 8 | 13.2 | 1 | 13.2 | 16.7 | 14.5 | 1.0 | 20 |
|---|
| 21. Length of third pectoral-fin ray (second branched) | 13.1 | 12.6 | 16.0 | 14.1 | 1.1 | 11 | 13.8 | 16.3 | 15.0 | 0.9 | 8 | 12.6 | 1 | 12.6 | 16.3 | 14.4 | 1.1 | 20 |
|---|
| 22. Length of first pelvic-fin ray (unbranched) | 11.6 | 9.3 | 15.3 | 12.1 | 1.5 | 11 | 11.8 | 13.4 | 12.9 | 0.6 | 8 | 11.1 | 1 | 9.3 | 15.3 | 12.4 | 1.2 | 20 |
|---|
| 23. Length of second pelvic-fin ray (first branched) | 12.9 | 11.6 | 15.6 | 13.7 | 1.2 | 11 | 13.7 | 15.6 | 14.6 | 0.6 | 8 | 12.4 | 1 | 11.6 | 15.6 | 14.0 | 1.1 | 20 |
|---|
| 24. Length of third pelvic-fin ray (second branched) | 13.1 | 12.3 | 16.6 | 14.2 | 1.1 | 11 | 14.0 | 15.6 | 14.7 | 0.7 | 8 | 13.0 | 1 | 12.3 | 16.6 | 14.3 | 1.0 | 20 |
|---|
| 25. Length of dorsal caudal-fin lobe | 17.7 | 17.4 | 22.9 | 19.6 | 1.4 | 11 | 19.1 | 21.3 | 20.3 | 0.9 | 8 | 17.5 | 1 | 17.4 | 22.9 | 19.8 | 1.3 | 20 |
|---|
| 26. Length of ventral caudal-fin lobe | 16.9 | 15.8 | 20.7 | 18.5 | 1.3 | 11 | 18.1 | 20.8 | 19.3 | 1.0 | 8 | 17.4 | 1 | 15.8 | 20.8 | 18.8 | 1.2 | 20 |
|---|
| 27. Body depth | 14.9 | 11.4 | 16.3 | 14.3 | 1.7 | 11 | 13.0 | 15.0 | 14.1 | 0.8 | 8 | 15.5 | 1 | 11.4 | 16.3 | 14.3 | 1.4 | 20 |
|---|
| 28. Body width | 13.6 | 10.6 | 15.2 | 13.2 | 1.4 | 11 | 10.8 | 14.9 | 12.8 | 1.2 | 8 | 14.2 | 1 | 10.6 | 15.2 | 13.1 | 1.3 | 20 |
|---|
| 29. Cleithral width | 17.3 | 17.3 | 20.0 | 18.6 | 0.9 | 11 | 18.7 | 19.7 | 19.2 | 0.3 | 8 | 20.7 | 1 | 17.3 | 20.7 | 18.9 | 0.8 | 20 |
|---|
| 30. Maxillary-barbel length | 35.3 | 33.0 | 40.3 | 36.1 | 2.0 | 11 | 32.2 | 38.8 | 36.1 | 2.3 | 8 | - | - | 32.2 | 40.3 | 36.1 | 2.1 | 19 |
|---|
| 31. Outer mental-barbel length | 14.1 | 14.1 | 21.6 | 18.5 | 2.3 | 11 | 16.8 | 22.8 | 19.7 | 2.1 | 8 | - | - | 14.1 | 22.8 | 19.0 | 2.2 | 19 |
|---|
| 32. Inner mental-barbel length | 7.5 | 7.5 | 12.6 | 10.7 | 1.5 | 11 | 10.9 | 13.3 | 11.8 | 0.8 | 8 | - | - | 7.5 | 13.3 | 11.1 | 1.3 | 19 |
|---|
| 33. Head length | 23.5 | 23.5 | 26.2 | 25.1 | 0.9 | 11 | 24.7 | 27.5 | 25.9 | 0.9 | 8 | 25.6 | 1 | 23.5 | 27.5 | 25.4 | 1.0 | 20 |
|---|
| 34. Head depth | 49.7 | 45.3 | 51.5 | 48.1 | 3.1 | 11 | 40.9 | 53.8 | 46.2 | 4.3 | 8 | 53.8 | 1 | 40.9 | 53.8 | 47.6 | 3.9 | 20 |
|---|
| 35. Head width | 74.0 | 70.8 | 79.2 | 75.9 | 3.2 | 11 | 64.7 | 81.4 | 75.2 | 5.1 | 8 | 84.1 | 1 | 64.7 | 84.1 | 76.0 | 4.3 | 20 |
|---|
| 36. Bony interorbital | 20.4 | 20.4 | 29.7 | 23.9 | 2.7 | 11 | 20.2 | 25.2 | 22.5 | 1.6 | 8 | - | - | 20.2 | 29.7 | 23.3 | 2.4 | 20 |
|---|
| 37. Distance between snout tip and posterior nare | 26.0 | 23.5 | 26.1 | 25.1 | 0.8 | 11 | 24.7 | 27.0 | 25.5 | 0.9 | 8 | 24.9 | 1 | 23.5 | 27.0 | 25.3 | 0.8 | 20 |
|---|
| 38. Intranarial length | 14.1 | 11.7 | 14.0 | 12.6 | 0.7 | 11 | 10.2 | 13.3 | 12.1 | 1.0 | 8 | 12.6 | 1 | 10.2 | 14.0 | 12.4 | 0.9 | 20 |
|---|
| 39. Anterior internarial width | 18.3 | 15.2 | 19.4 | 16.8 | 1.3 | 11 | 14.1 | 17.2 | 15.8 | 1.1 | 8 | 15.4 | 1 | 14.1 | 19.4 | 16.3 | 1.3 | 20 |
|---|
| 40. Posterior internarial width | 16.6 | 15.8 | 19.6 | 16.8 | 1.0 | 11 | 15.5 | 17.2 | 16.2 | 0.6 | 8 | 15.8 | 1 | 15.5 | 19.6 | 16.5 | 0.9 | 20 |
|---|
| 41. Mouth gape | 45.8 | 42.9 | 48.4 | 45.1 | 1.9 | 11 | 41.5 | 45.9 | 44.2 | 2.1 | 8 | 41.9 | 1 | 41.5 | 48.4 | 44.6 | 2.0 | 20 |
|---|