Novel splitting / lumping index reflects the history of species concepts applied to bumblebees (Insecta: Apidae)
Author
Williams, Paul H
text
Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
2022
2022-10-01
196
2
704
719
https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/196/2/704/6540035
journal article
10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab123
0024-4082
7184415
Table 3. As for Table 1 but for the subgenus Bombus s.s.| Source | Smith, | von Dalla | Skorikov, | Krüger, | Williams, 1998 | Williams | Williams, | Combined list |
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| 1854 | Torre, 1896 | 1923 | 1951–1958 | | et al., 2012 | 2021 | of candidate |
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| | | | | | | (‘present’) | species |
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| Species concept | typological | typo- | typological/ | polytypic | polytypic/ | evolutionarily | evolutionarily | |
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| | logical/ | polytypic | | interbreeding | independent | independent | |
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| | polytypic | | | | lineages | lineages | |
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| Character set | colour | colour/ | colour/ | morphology | morphology | molecular/ | molecular/ | |
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| | morphology morphology | | | morphology | morphology | |
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| Species | x | x | sporadicus | sporadicus | sporadicus | sporadicus | sporadicus | sporadicus |
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| | | x | x | x | x | czerskianus | czerskianus |
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| | | | malaisei | | | | malaisei |
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| | ignitus | fraterculus | ignitus | ignitus | ignitus | ignitus | ignitus |
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| | speciosus | speciosus | | | | | speciosus |
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| terrestris | terrester | terrester | terrestris | terrestris | terrestris | terrestris | terrestris |
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| | | audax | | | | | audax |
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| | xanthopus | xanthopus | x | x | x | xanthopus | xanthopus |
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| | | canariensis | | | | | canariensis |
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| | sassaricus | sassaricus | | | | | sassaricus |
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| tunicatus | tunicatus | tunicatus | x | tunicatus | tunicatus | tunicatus | tunicatus |
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| | vallestris | vallestris | | | | | vallestris |
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| | affinis | affinis | [x] | affinis | affinis | affinis | affinis |
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| | | x | [x] | franklini | franklini | franklini | franklini |
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| | | x | x | x | longipennis | longipennis | longipennis |
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| | | | x | x | x | minshanicola | minshanicola |
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| | | | | x | x | reinigi | reinigi |
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| lucorum | x | lucorum | lucorum | lucorum | lucorum | lucorum | lucorum |
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| | | jakobsoni | x | x | jacobsoni | jacobsoni | jacobsoni |
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| | | sapporoensis | sapporoensis | hypocrita | hypocrita | hypocrita | hypocrita |
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| x | terricola | terricola | [x] | terricola | terricola | terricola | terricola |
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| | x | occidentalis | [x] | x | occidentalis | occidentalis | occidentalis |
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| | | x | [x] | x | x | mckayi | mckayi |
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| | | vasiljevi | vasilievi | x | lantschouensis | lantschouensis | lantschouensis |
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| | | | | | | | vasilievi |
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| | | | x | x | minshanensis | minshanensis | minshanensis |
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| | | x | magnus | x | magnus | magnus | magnus |
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| patagiatus | x | patagiatus | patagiatus | patagiatus | patagiatus | patagiatus | patagiatus |
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| | | ganjsuensis | x | x | x | ganjsuensis | ganjsuensis |
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| cryptarum | albocinctus | albocinctus | burjaeticus | x | cryptarum | cryptarum | cryptarum |
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