Museomics and integrative taxonomy reveal three new species of glandular viviparous tree toads (Nectophrynoides) in Tanzania’s Eastern Arc Mountains (Anura: Bufonidae) Author Thrane, Christian https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1290-2253 Natural History Museum Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark Author Lyakurwa, John V. 0000-0002-8252-0880 Department of Zoology and Wildlife Conservation, University of Dar Es Salaam, P. O. Box 35064, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Author Liedtke, H. Christoph Department of Ecology and Evolution, Estación Biológica de Doñana (CSIC), Calle Américo Vespucio 26, 41092 Sevilla, Spain Author Menegon, Michele PAMS Foundation, P. O. Box 16556, Arusha, Tanzania, & MUSE, Museo delle Scienze, Viale del Lavoro e delle Scienza, 3, 38122 Trento, Italy Author Petzold, Alice 0000-0002-0743-2004 Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24 – 25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany & Museum für Naturkunde – Leibnitz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Invalidenstr. 43, 10115 Berlin, Germany Author Loader, Simon P. 0000-0003-4162-0575 The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, SW 7 5 BD London, United Kingdom Author Scherz, Mark D. 0000-0002-4613-7761 Natural History Museum Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark text Vertebrate Zoology 2025 2025-11-06 75 459 485 journal article 313014 10.3897/vz.75.e167008 b84ca588-7249-4842-8a7c-0b29ac6ad5d1 F82A22CD-404C-49C8-8F37-F30A89615639

Table 2. Comparison of acoustic variables between Nectophrynoides viviparus sensu stricto and N. uhehe sp. nov., values are visualised by means ± standard deviations. P-values are from Mann-Whitney U test (Wilcoxon rank-sum test) and were adjusted for multiple testing using the Bonferroni correction.

Variable	N. viviparus sensu stricto (mean ± SD)	N. uhehe sp. nov. (mean ± SD)	W-value	P-value	P-value (corrected)
Dominant frequency (Hz)	1877.71 ± 54.62	1891.64 ± 7.17	100	0.251	1.00
Call duration (s)	0.23 ± 0.03	0.28 ± 0.03	139	0.0017	0.0086
Call interval (s)	16.00 ± 5.29	3.24 ± 1.27	0	<0.001	0.0015
Pulse number	13.43 ± 1.27	25.27 ± 3.66	154	<0.001	0.004
Pulse duration (s)	0.017 ± 0.001	0.011 ± 0.001	0	<0.001	0.005