Understanding the color variability and resolving taxonomic confusion in the sea cucumber Isostichopus badionotus (Echinodermata, Holothuroidea): a revision of the genus Isostichopus
Author
Borrero-Pérez, Giomar H.
987B3945-3A71-4DF0-B860-F23CC231F34C
Santa Marta, Magdalena, Colombia. & Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras - Invemar, Calle 25 No. 2 - 55, Playa Salguero, Rodadero, Santa Marta, Colombia. & Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute - STRI, BOX 0843 - 03092, Balboa, Panama.
giomarborrero@gmail.com
Author
Solís-Marín, Francisco A.
A2417F0D-CA2A-4BE2-A6F0-C8991F4B90EA
Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, México.
fasolis@cmarl.unam.mx
Author
Lessios, Harilaos
B59566D2-3326-4026-B9B6-9AB12A3EB140
Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute - STRI, BOX 0843 - 03092, Balboa, Panama.
lessiosh@si.edu
text
European Journal of Taxonomy
2024
2024-08-30
949
1
1
96
https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2641/12173
journal article
302913
10.5852/ejt.2024.949.2641
34ae386a-671e-4dcb-8e86-8ecf0cfc346c
2118-9773
13710645
EA45BD5E-98F7-4229-A4FD-E377D6BC8591
Table 2. Average Kimura (1980) 2 parameter distances (%) between and within species and subespecies of Isostichopus Deichmann, 1958. COI-Fr1 and COI-Fr2 (in parentheses) distances are below diagonal and 16S distances above. Within-species distances along the diagonal are shown as COI-Fr1 (COIFr2) / 16S. “nc”: not calculated because only one sequence was available. | Species | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
|---|
| 1 | Isostichopus badionotus | 0.2(0.2)/0.2 | 8.9 | 8.6 | 5.2 | 11.9 | 16.6 | 20.6 |
|---|
| 2 | I. maculatus maculatus | 10.6(12.0) | 0.1(0.1)/0.2 | 0.4 | 8.2 | 9.9 | 18.0 | 19.6 |
|---|
| 3 | I. maculatus phoenius | 9.6(11.0) | 1.4(1.9) | 0.1(0.1)/0.2 | 7.9 | 9.5 | 17.8 | 19.7 |
|---|
| 4 | I. fuscus | 6.1(10.8) | 8.2(9.5) | 7.7(10.1) | 0.3(0.2)/0.3 | 12.3 | 18.2 | 19.4 |
|---|
| 5 | I. macroparentheses | 16.5(18.2) | 17.3(16.7) | 16.6(16.3) | 16.2(16.7) | 0.0(0.3)/0.3 | 17.3 | 22.2 |
|---|
| 6 | Stichopus horrens | 19.3(21.1) | 19.4(23.5) | 19.1(23.8) | 18.4(20.4) | 21.2(20.9) | nc(nc)/nc | 24.3 |
|---|
| 7 | Apostichopus japonicus | 23.4(22.1) | 24.8(19.6) | 23.7(18.7) | 23.2(23.7) | 25.0(26.4) | 25.7(22.5) | nc(nc)/nc |
|---|