A new Critically Endangered species of stone breaker (Phyllanthus, Phyllanthaceae) from Central Brazil, with notes on its leaf and stem anatomy Author Silva, Marcos José Da 0000-0001-9717-5701 Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Botânica, CP 131, 74001 - 970, Goiânia, GO, Brazil. & marcos _ agrorural @ hotmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9717 - 5701 marcos_agrorural@hotmail.com Author Alonso, Alexandre Antônio 0000-0003-1118-2703 Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Botânica, CP 131, 74001 - 970, Goiânia, GO, Brazil. & alonsoalx @ yahoo. com. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1118 - 2703 alonsoalx@yahoo.com.br Author Santos, Igor Soares Dos 0000-0002-6067-8409 Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Rua Aroeira, Campus Samambaia, CEP 74690 - 900, Goiânia, GO, Brazil. & igorsoares 1237 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6067 - 8409 igorsoares1237@gmail.com text Phytotaxa 2022 2022-01-06 530 1 53 64 journal article 2742 10.11646/phytotaxa.530.1.4 1c6f4495-9280-4e5b-ba15-d422e8720c43 1179-3163 5823919

Table 1. Differential characters between P. pterocaulis, P. avicularis, P. heliotropus, and P. hyssopifolioides.

Characters	P. pterocaulis	P. avicularis	P. heliotropus	P. hyssopifolioides
Height (cm)	7–13	45–50	19–40	15–27
Plant sex	Monoecious	Dioecious	Monoecious	Monoecious
Leaves	3–6 × 2.9–3 mm hispidulous, ciliate at margin, chartaceous	5–15 × 3–5 mm glabrous, margin not-ciliate, chartaceous	5–12 × 2.5–6 mm, glabrous, not ciliate, coriaceous	6–12 × 2.5–5 mm, glabrous, margin not ciliate, firmly chartaceous
Stem and branches	Shortly hispidulous, winged, delicate	Glabrous, Flattened, robust	Glabrous, Angled robust	Glabrous, subcylindrical robust
Cymules	Bisexual	Bisexual	Unisexual	Unisexual
Staminate flowers	5 or 6-merous, stamens free	6-merous, stamens united	5 and 6-merous, stamens free or partially united	5-merous, stamens free
Pistillate disk	Entire, patelliform	Entire, anular	5 or 6 segmented	5 or 6 segmented
Styles	Horizontal, bilobed	Ascending, bifid	Ascending, bifid	Horizontal, bifid
Capsules diameter (mm long)	1.2–1.3	2–2.1	2.9–3	3–3.1
Seeds	Verruculose	Verruculose	Verruculose	Smooth