Phylum Nematoda: feeding habits for all valid genera using a new, universal scheme encompassing the entire phylum, with descriptions of morphological characteristics of the stoma, a key, and discussion of the evidence for trophic relationships Author Hodda, Mike Insect & Nematode Biosecurity, National Research Collections Australia, CSIRO, GPO Box 1700 Canberra ACT 2601 Australia. Mike.Hodda@csiro.au text Zootaxa 2022 2022-03-10 5114 1 318 451 journal article 20063 10.11646/zootaxa.5114.1.3 6b83d47b-550a-4ff9-94d6-4eee2796c015 1175-5326 6391138 C4397F4E-63DF-48EF-ADFD-76EE08A8C84A
TABLE 2. Tabular compilation of morphological characteristics of trophic groups.
Located on or within vertebrate 1Located on or within arthropodLocated on or within non- arthropod invertebrate 1 to 3 large nematodes only in hostInvertebrate host haemolymph cloudy Located on or within plant or plant partPart of plant 2Host modified (other than damage)Body swollen 3Stylet presentStylet knobs or flanges presentStylet knobs distance acrossStylet lengthStylet anterior solidStylet conus & shaft thicknessStylet diameter>30 % lengthStylet aperture> 30 % lengthStylet lumen diameterlips curled forwardcephalic framework presentcephalic framework cuticle thickenedoeophageal bulb posterior to nerve ringterminal oesophageal swelling, bulb or glands presentterminal oesophageal bulb very long (> 2 x body diameter)number of oesophageal bulbs or swellingshead lengthtail filiformtail with terminal hyaline portionmouth absent & oesophagus disconnected from intestine & no anusmouth cavity blocked or filledmouth narrow (<20% head diameter)mouth with cheilorhabdion ridgesmouth with teethtooth near entrance to mouthmouth cuticle thickenedmouth with> 2 thickened plates in wallmouth with denticleslocated on vertebrate
1 throughout table 0 means feature is negative or absent, 1 means feature is positive or present. Bold values indicate distinctive features. Values in brackets indicate values that are not common or occur in only a few members of the trophic group. “/” indicates alternative values. 2 1=seed, 2=flower or fruit bud, 3=inside leaf, 4=leaf surface, 5=inside non-woody stem, 6=inside woody stem, 7=outside smooth stem, 8=in fibrous bark, 9=inside roots, 10=around root surface, 11=in soil or substrate 3 0=not swollen, 1=swollen, 2=globose 4 0=not offset, 1=low (head length <0.4 times length), 2=high (length>0.4 times length)
1 throughout table 0 means feature is negative or absent, 1 means feature is positive or present. Bold values indicate distinctive features. Values in brackets indicate values that are not common or occur in only a few members of the trophic group. “/” indicates alternative values. 2 1=seed, 2=flower or fruit bud, 3=inside leaf, 4=leaf surface, 5=inside non-woody stem, 6=inside woody stem, 7=outside smooth stem, 8=in fibrous bark, 9=inside roots, 10=around root surface, 11=in soil or substrate 3 0=not swollen, 1=swollen, 2=globose 4 0=not offset, 1=low (head length <0.4 times length), 2=high (length>0.4 times length)
1 throughout table 0 means feature is negative or absent, 1 means feature is positive or present. Bold values indicate distinctive features. Values in brackets indicate values that are not common or occur in only a few members of the trophic group. “/” indicates alternative values. 2 1=seed, 2=flower or fruit bud, 3=inside leaf, 4=leaf surface, 5=inside non-woody stem, 6=inside woody stem, 7=outside smooth stem, 8=in fibrous bark, 9=inside roots, 10=around root surface, 11=in soil or substrate 3 0=not swollen, 1=swollen, 2=globose 4 0=not offset, 1=low (head length <0.4 times length), 2=high (length>0.4 times length)
microbial feedersuckersuspension00 (1)0 (1)**0* (8)000** ** ** ** ** ** ** *0 00 0* *0/1 0/10/1 0/10 00–1 0–10/1 0/10/1 0/10 00 0* *1 00 00 0* *0 00 00 00 0
particulate0 (1)0 (1)0 (1)**0* (8)000********00*0/10/100–10/10/100*10/10/10/10/1000
processorsuspension00 (1)0 (1)**0* (8)000********00*0/10/100–10/10/1000/100/10/10/10/100/10
particulate00 (1)0 (1)**0 (1)* (8)000*<45– 800 (1)1/2001/200/100/10/10/11–20/10/100010/1000000
piercer00 (1)0 (1)**0* (8)0010/1*******00*0/10/101–20/10/1000/10/10001100
crusher00 (1)0 (1)**0 (1)* (8)000********00*0/10/100–10/10/10000/11111000
scraper000**0*000********00*0/10/100–20/10/10000/10/10/10/1100/10
predatorchewer000**0 (1)* (8)000*<520–5002(0) 1(0)120 (1)0/10/10/10/1(0) 110/1/ 20/10/10010/1000/1000
piercer000**0 (1)* (8)0010 (1)<2<10010010100/10/111–20/10000100*0000
parasiteplantinternal modifieraerial000**11/2/31(0) 1113–510–200100101111120/100/100100*0000
below- ground000**19 (10) (11)1(0) 2(0)11<35–15010010100/10/10/11–20/10000100*0000
internal migratoraerial below- ground0 00 (1) 00 (1) 0* ** *1 13/5/7 9 (10) (11)0 00 01 (0)11 1(2–5) 5–610–250200101111121/20000100*0000
external root feedersubsurface000**1(9) 10/1100/1 (2)(0)115–820–2000200101111120/1/ 20/10/100100*0000
surface000**1900(0)113–510–20 (40–200)01/2001010/10/11(0) 10–20/1/ 20/10/100100*0000
external browser00 (1)0 (1)**110001(0) 1<4<150 (1)100100/10/10/10/1(0) 10–20/10/1000100*0000
wood & bark associate00 (1)0 (1)**16/8000/10/1* (<4)<151100100/10/10/10/10/10–20/10/1000/10/10/10/10/10/1000
invertebratearthropod010 (1)0/10/10 (1)40/10/1/20/1(0)1<4*(15–25)0100100/1000/1010/1/ 2000/ 10/10/100/10/10/1001
other00 (1)10/10/140/10/1/20/1(0)1<4*(15–25)0100100/1000/1010/1/ 2000/ 10/10/100/10/10/1001
vertebratefish10 (1)0 (1)000*0/10/10*****00*00*0/10/100–10/1/ 2000 (1)0/10/100/10/10/1001
amphibian10 (1)0 (1)000*0/10/10*****00*00*0/10/100–10/1/ 2000 (1)0/10/100/10/10/1001
reptile10 (1)0 (1)000*0/10/10*****00*00*0/10/100–10/1/ 2000 (1)0/10/100/10/10/1001
bird10 (1)0 (1)000*0/10/10*****00*00*0/10/100–10/1/ 2000 (1)0/10/100/10/10/1001
mammal10 (1)0 (1)000*0/10/10 (1)0**00*00*0/10/100–10/1/ 2000 (1)0/10 (1)00/10/10/1001
host unknown0 (1)0 (1)0 (1)0/100**0/10*****00*00*0/10/100–10/1/ 2000 (1)0/1000/10/10/1001