Diversity in the Globally Distributed Diatom Genus Chaetoceros (Bacillariophyceae): Three New Species from Warm-Temperate Waters Author Li, Yang Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, P. R. China, Author Boonprakob, Atchaneey Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, & Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand, Author Gaonkar, Chetan C. Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy, Author Kooistra, Wiebe H. C. F. Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy, Author Lange, Carina B. Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy, & Department of Oceanography and Center COPAS Sur-Austral, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile, Author Hernández-Becerril, David Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cd. Universitaria, Coyoacán, Cd. de México, México, Author Chen, Zuoyi Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, P. R. China, Author Moestrup, Øjvind Section of Marine Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark Author Lundholm, Nina Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, text PLoS ONE 2017 e 0168887 2017-01-13 12 1 1 38 journal article 300328 10.1371/journal.pone.0168887 093dd7b1-7215-4698-a02d-a6fd7b1b965d 1932-6203 PMC5235366 28085887 12827437

Table 1. Morphological characters for differentiating C. decipiens, C. elegans, C. laevisporus, C. mannaii, C. mitra and C. lorenzianus.

Character	C. decipiens	C. elegans	C. laevisporus	C. mannaii	C. mitra	C. lorenzianus type material
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0168887.t001
Seta poroid shape	round-oval	tear-shaped	round-oval	oval	round-oval	round
Seta poroid size (μm)	0.1–0.6	0.2–1.3	0.3–0.9	0.4–1.2	0.1–0.3	n.d.
	(0.3±0.1)	(0.5±0.2)	0.6±0.1	0.7±0.2	0.2±0.1
Seta poroid number in	14–38	7–29	11–17	11–15	30–56	5–9
10 μm	(19.0±6.7)	17.8±5.4	13.8±1.9	12.3±1.6	39.8±7.4	7.2±1.7
Brunel group	I	I	I	I	II	I
Fusion of seta bases	present/ absent	absent	absent	absent	absent	present
Resting spore	unknown	two branching processes	smooth	unknown	two branching processes	two branching processes?
Aperture shape	ovalhexagonal	rounded quadrangular	oval peanutshaped	hexagonal	oval-hexagonal, peanut shaped	oval-hexagonal
Aperture/pervalvar axis index	0.5	0.5	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.5–1.0
Basal part of setae	lacking	present	lacking	present	lacking	present
Poroids on valve face	yes	yes	no	no	no	n.d.
External tube of rimoportula	no	short	no	distinct	no	n.d.
Apical axis (μm)	7.8–64.3	11.7–39.7	22.4–46.3	5.7–12.9	16.5–23.8	20–43
	(29.5±14.7)	(26.4±10.6)	(32.7±7.9)	(10.3±2.1)	(20.6±2.0)
Pervalvar axis (μm)	7.8–78.9	8.9–42.2	13.2–42.5	8.4–29.6	28.1–48.2	n.d.
	(18.5±10.9)	(18.6±8.1)	(21.6±6.4)	(17.0±5.2)	(35.6±5.2)
Aperture in pervalvar axis	3.3–15.1	4.4–14.5	6.3–12.0	4.6–5.6	2.9–10.0	n.d.
(μm)	(9.0±2.8)	(10.1±2.2)	(9.6±1.5)	(5.1±0.4)	(6.7±1.3)
n.d. indicates no data available