Hidden in plain view: an example from Ptilidium (Ptilidiaceae, Marchantiophyta) Author Bakalin, Vadim 0000-0001-7897-4305 Botanical Garden-Institute of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Makovskogo Street, 142, Vladivostok, 690024, Russia. & vabakalin @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7897 - 4305 vabakalin@gmail.com Author Vilnet, Anna 0000-0001-7779-2593 Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden-Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Fersmana Street, 18 A, Apatity, Murmansk Province, 184209, Russia. & anya _ v @ list. ru; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7779 - 2593 anya_v@list.ru Author Klimova, Ksenia 0000-0002-3229-1880 Botanical Garden-Institute of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Makovskogo Street, 142, Vladivostok, 690024, Russia. & ksenia. g. klimova @ mail. ru; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3229 - 1880 ksenia.g.klimova@mail.ru Author Ma, Wen Zhang 0000-0003-3144-001X Herbarium, Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China. & mawenzhang @ mail. kib. ac. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3144 - 001 X mawenzhang@mail.kib.ac.cn Author Choi, Seung Se 0000-0002-3332-5544 Team of National Ecosystem Survey, National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon 33657, South Korea. & hepaticae @ jbnu. ac. kr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3332 - 5544 hepaticae@jbnu.ac.kr Author Hentschel, Jörn 0000-0001-5137-2718 Institute of Systematic Botany, Herbarium Haussknecht, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Fürstengraben 1, 07743 Jena, Germany. & j. hentschel @ uni-jena. de; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5137 - 2718 j.hentschel@uni-jena.de text Phytotaxa 2021 2021-07-01 510 1 29 42 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.510.1.3 journal article 305234 10.11646/phytotaxa.510.1.3 23f5f25b-ab0e-4eb9-9645-5a4bd1287ad3 1179-3163 5426263

TABLE 3. The comparison of Ptilidium ciliare s.l. with P. himalayanum.

	P. himalayanum	P. ciliare var. ciliare	P. ciliare var. pulcherrimum
Coloration	deep rusty red to blackish rusty	deep rusty-red, brown to blackish rusty, rarely pale greenish to brownish	mostly brownish to greenish brownish and green, rarely brown (to reddish brown and purplish brown, cf. Schuster, 1966)
Largest (dorsal) lobe width in the base- cell number	9–10	12–25	6–10
Sinus depth	to 0.55–0.60 of leaf length	to 0.5 of leaf length	to 0.75 of leaf length
Leaf cilia length, µm	to 300–400	to 200–300	to 400–500 µm
Growth habit	ascending	erect to ascending	mostly creeping, rarely ascending
Predominant ecology	on humus and trunks in rhododendron subalpine and alpine communities	on rocky substrates, fine soil, mossy patches in arctic, hemiarctic and boreal, rarely temperate communities and their altitudinal analogues	on woody substrates (rarely rocks and fine soil) mostly in boreal and hemiboreal communities rarely in hemiarctic and temperate types
Generalized distribution	Sino-Himalayan	Holarctic with bipolar disjunctions	Circum-boreal