Tracing the footprints of the Atlas Brown Bear: a metric analysis of Holocene and Late Pleistocene remains from Northern Morocco Author Iken, Shaymae Instituto Universitario de Xeoloxía (IUX), Universidade da Coruña, Edificio de Servicios Centrales de Investigación (ESCI), Campus de Elviña s / n, 15071 A Coruña (Spain) & National Institute of Archaeological Sciences and Heritage (INSAP), Madinat Al Irfane, Hay Riad, BP 6828 Rabat Institutes (Morocco) Author García-Vázquez, Ana Instituto Universitario de Xeoloxía (IUX), Universidade da Coruña, Edificio de Servicios Centrales de Investigación (ESCI), Campus de Elviña s / n, 15071 A Coruña (Spain) & Archaeoscience Platform (AsP), Research Institute of the University of Bucharest (ICUB), University of Bucharest, 90 - 92 Sos. Panduri, 5 th District, 50663 Bucharest (Romania) Author González-Fortes, Gloria Instituto Universitario de Xeoloxía (IUX), Universidade da Coruña, Edificio de Servicios Centrales de Investigación (ESCI), Campus de Elviña s / n, 15071 A Coruña (Spain) Author Bouzouggar, Abdeljalil National Institute of Archaeological Sciences and Heritage (INSAP), Madinat Al Irfane, Hay Riad, BP 6828 Rabat Institutes (Morocco) & Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig (Germany) Author Grandal-D’Anglade, Aurora Instituto Universitario de Xeoloxía (IUX), Universidade da Coruña, Edificio de Servicios Centrales de Investigación (ESCI), Campus de Elviña s / n, 15071 A Coruña (Spain) aurora.grandal@udc.es text Comptes Rendus Palevol 2026 2026-03-11 25 4 57 76 https://doi.org/10.5852/cr-palevol2026v25a4 journal article 314543 10.5852/cr-palevol2026v25a4 0efbbe6b-2c87-4b27-9335-6ca8c35b0b01 1777-571X 19005282 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:59E82E04-C7EB-4586-BF61-D9646DE136C6

TABLE 2. — Summary of the dimensions of the metapodials and phalanges of the Atlas brown bear, both from the literature and new ones provided in this work Abbreviations: APW prox, proximal anteroposterior width; H prox, proximal height; TL, total length; TW dia, transverse width of diaphysis; TW dis, distal transverse width; TW prox, proximal transverse width. Detailed measurements are given in Appendix 4.

1st phalanx	TL	TW prox	APW prox	TW dia	TW dis
mean	36.9	18.2	14.6	11.4	13.3
desv. st.	4.3	2.0	1.4	1.6	1.0
min	30.7	15.8	12.0	9.2	11.8
max	51.0	24.0	18.3	17.3	16.4
n	47	48	46	48	44
2nd phalanx	TL	TW prox	APW prox	TW dia	TW dis
mean	25.4	15.8	14.4	11.7	13.8
desv. st.	4.7	1.7	2.3	1.4	1.2
min	17.9	13.1	11.2	9.8	12.1
max	34.0	19.5	20.2	14.3	16.0
n	23	22	22	23	23
3rd phalanx	TL	TW prox	H prox
mean	40.1	25.3	13.6
desv. st.	9.3	3.0	1.5
min	28.0	21.0	11.0
max	56.3	33.0	16.7
n	30	30	33
1st metacarpal (MC I)	TL	TW dia	1st metatarsal (MT I)	TL	TW dia
mean	60.7	9.5	mean	61.2	9.2
desv. st.	2.2	0.8	desv. st.	4.3	0.6
min	57.0	8.9	min	55.6	8.3
max	63.5	10.8	max	66.4	10.0
n	7	7	n	9	9
2nd metacarpal (MC II)	TL	TW dia	2nd metatarsal (MT II)	TL	TW dia
mean	68.9	10.8	mean	51.8	10.8
desv. st.	1.6	1.5	desv. st.	28.7	1.6
min	66.6	9.8	min	9.0	9.0
max	69.9	13.0	max	70.0	12.8
n	4	4	n	4	4
3rd metacarpal (MC III)	TL	TW dia	3rd metatarsal (MT III)	TL	TW dia
mean	73.3	10.8	mean	72.0	11.3
desv. st.	1.5	0.4	desv. st.	2.2	0.5
min	71.8	10.5	min	70.0	11.0
max	75.0	11.4	max	74.5	12.2
n	4	4	n	5	5
4th metacarpal (MC IV)	TL	TW dia	4th metatarsal (MT IV)	TL	TW dia
mean	75.4	13.2	mean	75.4	12.6
desv. st.	5.1	1.7	desv. st.	4.1	1.0
min	710	12.0	min	72.0	11.5
max	84.2	16.1	max	86.0	14.7
n	5	5	n	9	9
5th metacarpal (MC V)	TL	TW dia	5th metatarsal (MT V)	TL	TW dia
mean	72.0	12.7	mean	77.6	10.9
desv. st.	1.5	1.2	desv. st.	1.8	0.6
min	70.2	11.5	min	76.0	10.3
max	73.4	14.3	max	79.8	11.7
n	4	4	n	4	4