Byne’s decay on microscopic calcareous shells: case study of Alcide d’Orbigny’s foraminifera collections stored in Paris and La Rochelle, France Author Hairie, Clara Centre de Recherche sur la Conservation (CRC), UAR 3224, CNRS, MNHN, Sorbonne Université, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, case postale 21, 57 rue Cuvier, F- 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) and Institut Lavoisier de Versailles (ILV), UMR 8180 (UVSQ-CNRS), Université Paris-Saclay, 45, avenue des États-Unis, 78000 Versailles (France) and Institut photonique d’analyse non destructive européen des matériaux anciens (IPANEMA), UAR 3641 (CNRS-MNHN-MC-UVSQ), Université Paris-Saclay - site du synchrotron SOLEIL, BP 48 Saint-Aubin, F- 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, (France) Centre de recherche en paléontologie - Paris (CR 2 P), UMR 7207, CNRS, MNHN, Sorbonne Université, Département Origines et Évolution, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, case postale 38, 57 rue Cuvier, F- 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) Author Forel, Marie-Béatrice Centre de recherche en paléontologie — Paris (CR 2 P), UMR 7207, CNRS, MNHN, Sorbonne Université, Département Origines et Évolution, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, case postale 38, 57 rue Cuvier, F- 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) Author Bartolini, Annachiara Centre de recherche en paléontologie - Paris (CR 2 P), UMR 7207, CNRS, MNHN, Sorbonne Université, Département Origines et Évolution, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, case postale 38, 57 rue Cuvier, F- 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) Author Müller, Camille Centre de Recherche sur la Conservation (CRC), UAR 3224, CNRS, MNHN, Sorbonne Université, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, case postale 21, 57 rue Cuvier, F- 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) Author Steunou, Nathalie Institut Lavoisier de Versailles (ILV), UMR 8180 (UVSQ-CNRS), Université Paris-Saclay, 45, avenue des États-Unis, 78000 Versailles (France) Author Rouchon, Véronique Centre de Recherche sur la Conservation (CRC), UAR 3224, CNRS, MNHN, Sorbonne Université, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, case postale 21, 57 rue Cuvier, F- 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) veronique.rouchon@mnhn.fr text Geodiversitas 2025 2025-10-09 47 16 659 685 https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/geodiversitas2025v47a16.pdf journal article 10.5252/geodiversitas2025v47a16 1638-9395 17302384 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:CC61025B-E168-4BC7-9017-686F442D323B

TABLE 3. — Raman analyses performed on a selection of d’Orbigny’s foraminifera. Each line refers to a preparation and some of them include several specimens that were all suffering Byne’s decay. The rank indicates the level of alteration. Other numbers correspond to the number of specimens on which a specific chemical species was detected by Raman spectroscopy. “Fossil” refers to foraminifera sampled on a continental outcrop while “recent” refers to recent and sub-recent foraminifera sampled at sea or on the coast. Abbreviations: Ref., inventory reference of the preparation; Nb of spec., number of specimens in the preparation; β -CaFo, occurrence of β- calcium formate; α -CaFo, occurrence of α- calcium formate; MgFo, occurrence of magnesium formate; CaLact, occurrence of calcium lactate. Taxon authorships: see Text.

Specimen number	Species	Composition	Nb. of spec.	Origin	Origin	Rank	efflorescence (effl.) type(s)	β- CaFo α - CaFo		Ca Lact	MgFo
MNHN.F.FO12	Biloculina affinis	Porcelaneous	2	Austria	Fossil	D	White effl.-snowball	2
MNHN.F.FO19	Critelaria arcuata	Hyaline	1	Austria	Fossil	D	White effl.	1
MNHN.F.FO70	Anomalina rotula	Hyaline	1	n.a.	n.a.	D	White effl. and orange colour	1
MNHN.F.FO93	Nonionina bulloide	Hyaline	1	Austria	Fossil	D	White and orange effl.		1
MNHN.F.FO141	Quinqueloculina juleana	Porcelaneous	4	Austria	Fossil	D	White, transparent and orange effl.	1	1
MNHN.F.FO209	Rosalina viennensis	Hyaline	1	Hungary	Fossil	C	White effl.		1
MNHN.F.FO222	Alveolina pulchra	Porcelaneous	1	Cuba	Recent	D	White and transparente effl.	1			1
MNHN.F.FO230.1	Biloculina carinata	Porcelaneous	2	Cuba	Recent	D	White and transparent effl.	2
MNHN.F.FO257	Nodosaria catesbyi	Hyaline	5	Cuba	Recent	D	Transparent effl.		5
MNHN.F.FO259	Nodosaria punctata	Hyaline	1	Cuba	Recent	D	Transparent effl.	1	1
MNHN.F.FO262	Nonionina sloani	Hyaline	1	Cuba	Recent	D	White effl.	1	1
MNHN.F.FO268	Orbiculina compressa	Hyaline	1	Cuba	Recent	D	White effl.	1			1
MNHN.F.FO273	Puteolina proteus	Porcelaneous	5	Cuba	Recent	C-D	White effl.-snowball	5
MNHN.F.FO289	Quinqueloculina dilatata	Porcelaneous	1	Cuba	Recent	D	White effl.	1
MNHN.F.FO296.1	Quinqueloculina planciana	Porcelaneous	1	Cuba	Recent	D	White effl.	1			1
MNHN.F.FO297.1	Quinqueloculina sagra	Porcelaneous	1	Cuba	Recent	D	White and transparent effl.	1	1
MNHN.F.FO322.1	Textularia candeiana	Hyaline	1	Cuba	Recent	D	White effl.	1			1
MNHN.F.FO326	Vertebralina cassis	Porcelaneous	1	Cuba	Recent	D	White effl.	1
MNHN.F.FO329.1	Triloculina eburnea	Hyaline	2	Cuba	Recent	D	White effl.-snowball	1
MNHN.F.FO330	Triolculina fichteliana	Hyaline	3	Cuba	Recent	D	Transparent effl.	3
MNHN.F.FO335	Virgulina punctata	Hyaline	1	Cuba	Recent	D	White effl.	1			1
MNHN.F.FO379	Oolina compressa	Hyaline	1	Cuba	Recent	D	Transparent effl.		1
MNHN.F.FO398	Quinqueloculina flexiosa	Porcelaneous	2	Perou	Recent	D	White effl.-snowball	2
MNHN.F.FO585	Peneroplis planatus	Porcelaneous	8	Australia	Recent	B-D	White and transparent effl.	5			"3 "
MNHN.F.FO626	Rosalina squamosa	Hyaline	8	n.a.	Recent	B-D	White effl.	8
MNHN.F.FO734	Bulimina obliqua	Hyaline	8	France	Fossil	B-C	White and transparent effl.			7
MNHN.F.FO774	Faujasina carinata	Hyaline	1	Holland	Fossil	D	White effl.	1
MNHN.F.FO838	Marginulina sp.	Hyaline	1	n.a.	n.a.	C	White effl.			1
Total			66					42	12	8	8