Macroevolutionary trends of brain mass in Primates Author Melchionna, M. Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell’Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Italy Author Mondanaro, A. Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell’Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Italy & Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Italy Author Serio, C. Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell’Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Italy Author Castiglione, S. Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell’Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Italy Author Febbraro, M. Di Author Rook, L. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Italy Author Diniz-Filho, J. A. F. Departamento de Ecologia, ICB, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil Author Manzi, G. Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy Author Profico, A. Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy Author Sansalone, G. Department of Environmental and Rural Sciences, FEARlab, University of New England, Armidale, 2351, NSW, Australia Author Raia, P. Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell’Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Italy text Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 2020 2019-09-17 129 14 25 journal article 10.1093/biolinnean/blz161 0024-4082 7849205

Table 3. Clades showing significant shifts in endocranial volume evolutionary rates

	Average rate	P
difference
Average rate difference = difference in average rates between the focal clade and the rest of the tree; P = significance level for the difference as assessed by means of randomization.
Hominins	0.091	<0.001
Hylobatidae	−0.016	0.018
Macaca	−0.013	0.012
Cercopithecus + Erythrocebus +	−0.014	0.003
Chlorocebus
Lorisoidea	−0.018	0.001
Saguinus	−0.022	<0.001