A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical electric fish genus Brachyhypopomus (Ostariophysi: Gymnotiformes: Hypopomidae), with descriptions of 15 new species
Author
Crampton, William G. R.
Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, PO Box 162368, Florida, 32816 - 2368, USA.
crampton@ucf.edu
Author
Santana, Carlos D. de
Division of Fishes, Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, 10 th and Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20560 - 0159, USA.
apteronotidae@ig.com.br
Author
Waddell, Joseph C.
Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, PO Box 162368, Florida, 32816 - 2368, USA.
joecwaddell@knights.ucf.edu
Author
Lovejoy, Nathan R.
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M 1 C 1 A 5, Canada
lovejoy@utsc.utoronto.ca
text
Neotropical Ichthyology
2016
e 150146
2016-12-31
14
4
639
790
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-20150146
journal article
10.1590/1982-0224-20150146
1982-0224
13331233
Table 15. Morphometrics for Brachyhypopomus janeiroensis, Brachyhypopomus jureiae, and Brachyhypopomus menezesi. HT, holotype; SD, standard deviation. Data for holotype of Brachyhypopomus janeiroensis (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) are from Costa & Campos-da-Paz (1992). Data for holotype of Brachyhypopomus jureiae (São Paulo, Brazil) are from Triques & Khamis (2003). Ranges for Brachyhypopomus janeiroensis and Brachyhypopomus jureiae refer to non-type specimens from the type region (holotype data not included except for caudal filament length as % TL and LEA in B. jureiae). Ranges for Brachyhypopomus menezesi refer to the holotype and to paratypes from the type region. | B. janeiroensis | B. jureiae | B. menezesi |
|---|
| HT | Range | Mean | SD | n | HT | Range | Mean | SD | n | HT | Range | Mean | SD | n |
|---|
| Total length (TL) (mm) | 124 | 103-230 | 155 | 23.6 | 75 | 292 | 64-169 | 131 | 47.1 | 5 | 100 | 100-113 | 106 | 6.1 | 5 |
|---|
| Length to end of anal fin (LEA) (mm) | 92 | 67-157 | 108 | 16.0 | 75 | 194 | 50-117 | 94 | 30.1 | 5 | 75 | 75-89 | 82 | 5.7 | 5 |
|---|
| Head length (HL) (mm) | 10.3 | 10.4-12.5 | 11.5 | 0.8 | 20 | | 7.3-13.6 | 11.2 | 2.4 | 7 | 9.5 | 9.5-12.1 | 10.8 | 0.9 | 5 |
|---|
| Proportion of TL (%) |
|---|
| Caudal filament length (CF) | 26.0 | 23.8-39.5 | 29.8 | 3.8 | 75 | 33.2 | 21.9-33.2 | 27.1 | 4.1 | 6 | 25.0 | 19.8-25.0 | 22.6 | 2.1 | 5 |
|---|
| Proportion of LEA (%) |
|---|
| Head length (HL) | 11.2 | 8.8-10.7 | 10.0 | 0.5 | 20 | 9.1 | 10.6-14.6 | 12.3 | 1.6 | 5 | 12.7 | 12.7-13.6 | 13.1 | 0.4 | 5 |
|---|
| Snout to occiput (SO) | 9.7 | 6.9-9.4 | 8.5 | 0.6 | 20 | | 9.1-11.3 | 9.9 | 1.0 | 5 | 10.1 | 10.1-11.1 | 10.5 | 0.4 | 5 |
|---|
| Snout to anal-fin origin (SA) | | 14.2-21.4 | 17.9 | 1.8 | 20 | | 19.1-22.7 | 20.7 | 1.3 | 5 | 21.6 | 21.6-25.5 | 23.1 | 1.6 | 5 |
|---|
| Snout to pectoral-fin base (PP) | | 10.7-12.3 | 11.5 | 0.4 | 20 | 10.1 | 12.3-15.7 | 13.5 | 1.5 | 5 | 13.9 | 13.9-15.5 | 14.7 | 0.8 | 5 |
|---|
| Longest pectoral-fin ray (PRL) | 5.6 | 3.7-4.8 | 4.4 | 0.3 | 14 | 4.4 | 3.9-5.3 | 4.8 | 0.5 | 5 | 5.0 | 4.3-5.7 | 5.2 | 0.6 | 5 |
|---|
| Anal fin length (AF) | 80.5 | 72.7-85.3 | 81.9 | 2.6 | 20 | 86.6 | 76.0-81.7 | 79.5 | 2.2 | 5 | 78.7 | 78.2-82.0 | 79.8 | 1.6 | 5 |
|---|
| Longest anal-fin ray (ARL) | 3.8 | 2.4-4.4 | 3.5 | 0.6 | 20 | | 3.1-4.2 | 3.9 | 0.5 | 5 | 4.7 | 4.1-4.8 | 4.6 | 0.3 | 5 |
|---|
| Body depth at anal-fin origin (BD1) | 10.5 | 8.5-11.1 | 10.0 | 0.8 | 20 | | 10.3-11.1 | 10.7 | 0.3 | 5 | 12.0 | 11.5-13.2 | 12.5 | 0.7 | 5 |
|---|
| Body width at anal-fin origin (BW1) | 6.4 | 4.0-6.3 | 5.2 | 0.7 | 20 | | 5.4-6.3 | 5.7 | 0.4 | 5 | 6.3 | 6.2-7.2 | 6.6 | 0.4 | 5 |
|---|
| Body depth at anal-fin middle (BD2) | | 8.1-11.3 | 9.4 | 0.9 | 20 | | 6.2-9.3 | 8.1 | 1.1 | 5 | 9.1 | 9.1-10.7 | 9.9 | 0.6 | 5 |
|---|
| Body width at anal-fin middle (BW2) | | 2.5-4.4 | 3.1 | 0.6 | 20 | | 1.9-3.4 | 2.7 | 0.5 | 5 | 2.7 | 2.7-4.2 | 3.5 | 0.6 | 5 |
|---|
| Caudal filament length (CF) | 35.1 | 31.3-59.1 | 43.1 | 6.2 | 18 | 50.0 | 28.0-50.0 | 37.6 | 7.7 | 5 | 33.3 | 24.7-33.3 | 29.3 | 3.6 | 5 |
|---|
| Proportion of HL (%) |
|---|
| Preorbital distance (PR) | 25.2 | 18.8-26.6 | 23.1 | 2.1 | 20 | 32.2 | 23.1-26.5 | 24.9 | 1.2 | 7 | 25.5 | 23.8-25.6 | 24.8 | 0.9 | 5 |
|---|
| Mouth width (MW) | 23.3 | 17.1-33.4 | 24.3 | 3.5 | 20 | | 23.2-30.0 | 27.0 | 2.3 | 7 | 26.7 | 21.4-28.7 | 25.5 | 2.7 | 5 |
|---|
| Internarial distance (AE) | 27.2 | 17.1-23.0 | 20.7 | 1.7 | 20 | | 17.5-20.0 | 18.4 | 0.9 | 7 | 19.9 | 18.9-21.0 | 19.9 | 0.7 | 5 |
|---|
| Posterior naris to eye (PE) | | 2.8-6.1 | 4.4 | 1.0 | 20 | | 5.5-8.8 | 7.3 | 1.2 | 7 | 6.5 | 4.9-7.5 | 6.4 | 0.9 | 5 |
|---|
| Orbital diameter (OD) | | 9.6-14.4 | 12.0 | 1.4 | 20 | 13.0 | 9.0-11.4 | 10.5 | 0.9 | 7 | 10.1 | 10.1-12.1 | 11.0 | 0.8 | 5 |
|---|
| Interorbital distance (IO) | | 23.2-30.4 | 26.3 | 2.4 | 20 | 23.7 | 26.8-32.3 | 29.2 | 2.1 | 7 | 25.0 | 17.6-25.0 | 22.4 | 2.8 | 5 |
|---|
| Head depth at eye (HD1) | 48.5 | 45.7-55.7 | 49.8 | 2.6 | 20 | | 40.0-51.6 | 48.0 | 3.8 | 7 | 44.7 | 44.7-50.3 | 48.2 | 2.3 | 5 |
|---|
| Head width at eye (HW1) | | 36.4-50.0 | 41.6 | 2.8 | 20 | | 36.8-47.3 | 41.9 | 3.3 | 7 | 40.0 | 36.7-42.3 | 39.3 | 2.1 | 5 |
|---|
| Head depth at occiput (HD2) | | 67.5-85.6 | 77.6 | 4.2 | 20 | | 70.6-79.2 | 74.9 | 3.2 | 7 | 68.8 | 68.8-81.3 | 76.7 | 5.1 | 5 |
|---|
| Head width at occiput (HW2) | | 54.0-62.7 | 58.5 | 2.3 | 20 | | 49.0-61.2 | 55.0 | 5.5 | 7 | 54.0 | 50.9-57.8 | 54.1 | 2.9 | 5 |
|---|
| Postorbital distance (PO) | 65.5 | 60.2-72.2 | 66.2 | 2.5 | 20 | 61.0 | 62.6-71.1 | 66.2 | 3.3 | 7 | 66.7 | 63.7-68.3 | 66.4 | 1.7 | 5 |
|---|
| Branchial aperture (BO) | | 20.2-33.2 | 26.7 | 3.1 | 20 | 25.4 | 23.1-32.7 | 26.2 | 3.6 | 7 | 22.5 | 17.0-24.5 | 22.0 | 2.9 | 5 |
|---|
| Pectoral-fin base (PB) | | 9.6-14.8 | 12.3 | 1.3 | 20 | | 11.0-15.1 | 12.3 | 1.4 | 7 | 11.2 | 7.4-12.0 | 9.9 | 1.8 | 5 |
|---|
| Caudal filament depth (CD) | | 17.6-25.0 | 20.6 | 1.9 | 20 | | 12.5-17.9 | 15.7 | 2.5 | 5 | 14.0 | 14.0-19.8 | 17.3 | 2.4 | 5 |
|---|
| Caudal filament width (CW) | | 8.3-15.3 | 10.7 | 1.9 | 20 | | 5.4-9.5 | 8.1 | 1.7 | 5 | 7.0 | 5.3-8.9 | 7.1 | 1.4 | 5 |
|---|
| Other proportions |
|---|
| BW1 (% of BD1) | | 45.3-65.8 | 52.2 | 4.3 | 19 | | 50.0-58.3 | 52.7 | 2.9 | 7 | 52.8 | 52.5-54.7 | 53.4 | 0.9 | 5 |
|---|
| BW2 (% of BD2) | | 27.2-41.9 | 32.8 | 4.1 | 20 | | 25.6-37.0 | 32.1 | 3.5 | 7 | 29.8 | 29.8-40.7 | 35.2 | 5.0 | 5 |
|---|