A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical electric fish genus Brachyhypopomus (Ostariophysi: Gymnotiformes: Hypopomidae), with descriptions of 15 new species
Author
Crampton, William G. R.
Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, PO Box 162368, Florida, 32816 - 2368, USA.
crampton@ucf.edu
Author
Santana, Carlos D. de
Division of Fishes, Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, 10 th and Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20560 - 0159, USA.
apteronotidae@ig.com.br
Author
Waddell, Joseph C.
Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, PO Box 162368, Florida, 32816 - 2368, USA.
joecwaddell@knights.ucf.edu
Author
Lovejoy, Nathan R.
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M 1 C 1 A 5, Canada
lovejoy@utsc.utoronto.ca
text
Neotropical Ichthyology
2016
e 150146
2016-12-31
14
4
639
790
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-20150146
journal article
314778
10.1590/1982-0224-20150146
635170d7-a205-45be-90c7-807cc6d17f50
1982-0224
13331233
Table 19. Morphometrics for Brachyhypopomus sullivani. HT, holotype; SD, standard deviation; dr., drainage. Ranges for the type region refer to the holotype and to paratype specimens (and also non-types for caudal filament length as % of TL). Ranges for the other populations refer to non-type specimens from the lower río Beni of Bolivia, and the upper río Orinoco of Venezuela, respectively. | Upper Amazonas dr. (type region) | Upper Madeira drainage | Upper Orinoco drainage |
|---|
| HT | Range | Mean | SD | n | Range | Mean | SD | n | Range | Mean | SD | n |
|---|
| Total length (TL) (mm) | 108 | 62-123 | 92 | 16.4 | 111 | 65-127 | 105 | 27.9 | 6 | 75-126 | 94 | 17.1 | 9 |
|---|
| Length to end of anal fin (LEA) (mm) | 91 | 51-106 | 77 | 13.7 | 111 | 56-98 | 80 | 18.4 | 7 | 60-123 | 84 | 19.3 | 14 |
|---|
| Head length (HL) (mm) | 10.7 | 8.6-11.7 | 10.2 | 0.8 | 16 | 6.8-11.5 | 9.5 | 1.9 | 7 | 7.6-13.2 | 10.1 | 1.8 | 15 |
|---|
| Proportion of TL (%) |
|---|
| Caudal filament length (CF) | 15.7 | 12.7-23.9 | 16.5 | 1.8 | 111 | 15.0-20.7 | 17.3 | 2.7 | 6 | 14.6-22.8 | 18.8 | 2.6 | 9 |
|---|
| Proportion of LEA (%) |
|---|
| Head length (HL) | 11.7 | 10.5-12.2 | 11.3 | 0.5 | 16 | 11.3-12.1 | 11.9 | 0.3 | 7 | 10.7-13.1 | 12.0 | 0.4 | 14 |
|---|
| Snout to occiput (SO) | 9.2 | 8.5-10.2 | 9.2 | 0.4 | 16 | 8.9-10.0 | 9.5 | 0.4 | 7 | 6.7-10.7 | 9.7 | 1.2 | 14 |
|---|
| Snout to anal-fin origin (SA) | 20.9 | 19.1-22.2 | 21.0 | 0.9 | 16 | 20.0-23.3 | 21.3 | 1.3 | 7 | 19.2-22.7 | 20.7 | 1.1 | 14 |
|---|
| Snout to pectoral-fin base (PP) | 12.6 | 11.9-13.2 | 12.6 | 0.4 | 16 | 12.2-13.9 | 13.0 | 0.7 | 7 | 11.4-15.0 | 13.2 | 0.8 | 14 |
|---|
| Longest pectoral-fin ray (PRL) | 6.4 | 5.8-7.0 | 6.4 | 0.3 | 16 | 5.1-6.1 | 5.6 | 0.5 | 7 | 5.1-6.5 | 5.8 | 0.3 | 13 |
|---|
| Anal fin length (AF) | 79.1 | 78.6-81.9 | 80.1 | 1.0 | 16 | 75.0-80.6 | 78.6 | 2.1 | 7 | 76.3-81.3 | 79.2 | 1.5 | 13 |
|---|
| Longest anal-fin ray (ARL) | 4.7 | 4.6-5.8 | 4.9 | 0.4 | 16 | 4.1-5.1 | 4.6 | 0.4 | 7 | 4.2-6.4 | 5.0 | 0.7 | 13 |
|---|
| Body depth at anal-fin origin (BD1) | 11.0 | 9.6-11.6 | 10.7 | 0.6 | 16 | 10.1-11.7 | 11.1 | 0.6 | 7 | 9.3-11.2 | 9.9 | 0.7 | 13 |
|---|
| Body width at anal-fin origin (BW1) | 5.2 | 4.2-5.9 | 5.0 | 0.4 | 16 | 5.2-6.7 | 6.1 | 0.6 | 7 | 4.9-8.4 | 5.9 | 1.1 | 13 |
|---|
| Body depth at anal-fin middle (BD2) | 9.9 | 8.2-10.6 | 9.5 | 0.7 | 16 | 9.3-11.8 | 10.7 | 1.0 | 7 | 8.7-10.6 | 9.4 | 0.7 | 13 |
|---|
| Body width at anal-fin middle (BW2) | 2.9 | 2.6-3.9 | 3.0 | 0.4 | 16 | 2.9-3.8 | 3.5 | 0.4 | 7 | 2.6-4.0 | 3.3 | 0.5 | 13 |
|---|
| Caudal filament length (CF) | 18.7 | 16.2-24.2 | 19.6 | 2.3 | 16 | 17.9-26.0 | 21.4 | 3.6 | 6 | 17.1-30.7 | 23.9 | 4.0 | 13 |
|---|
| Proportion of HL (%) |
|---|
| Preorbital distance (PR) | 28.5 | 20.5-28.5 | 25.7 | 2.1 | 16 | 24.4-27.9 | 25.8 | 1.2 | 8 | 23.6-30.6 | 27.4 | 1.3 | 15 |
|---|
| Mouth width (MW) | 29.1 | 22.0-30.7 | 27.1 | 2.4 | 16 | 27.0-33.3 | 29.7 | 2.5 | 8 | 20.3-30.4 | 25.6 | 2.9 | 15 |
|---|
| Internarial distance (AE) | 20.8 | 18.5-22.9 | 20.6 | 1.2 | 16 | 19.8-21.7 | 20.9 | 0.8 | 8 | 19.1-24.5 | 22.2 | 1.8 | 15 |
|---|
| Posterior naris to eye (PE) | 5.5 | 4.3-6.6 | 5.6 | 0.5 | 16 | 3.5-6.0 | 4.7 | 0.9 | 8 | 3.1-7.3 | 5.2 | 0.8 | 15 |
|---|
| Orbital diameter (OD) | 10.3 | 6.6-12.6 | 10.3 | 1.5 | 16 | 9.1-11.4 | 10.2 | 1.0 | 8 | 9.5-11.5 | 10.4 | 0.7 | 15 |
|---|
| Interorbital distance (IO) | 20.3 | 15.6-22.9 | 19.2 | 1.8 | 16 | 20.5-27.1 | 24.1 | 2.7 | 8 | 17.4-23.5 | 21.0 | 1.7 | 15 |
|---|
| Head depth at eye (HD1) | 45.5 | 39.8-47.6 | 43.9 | 2.4 | 16 | 43.0-47.0 | 45.2 | 1.5 | 8 | 38.5-43.9 | 41.1 | 1.7 | 15 |
|---|
| Head width at eye (HW1) | 33.8 | 31.2-40.9 | 35.4 | 2.9 | 16 | 36.8-40.8 | 38.4 | 1.6 | 8 | 32.1-40.4 | 35.7 | 1.9 | 15 |
|---|
| Head depth at occiput (HD2) | 71.3 | 63.1-76.5 | 69.2 | 3.7 | 16 | 66.7-74.1 | 69.4 | 2.7 | 8 | 58.8-68.1 | 63.8 | 2.9 | 15 |
|---|
| Head width at occiput (HW2) | 45.8 | 43.4-51.3 | 46.8 | 2.6 | 16 | 50.0-54.4 | 52.5 | 1.5 | 8 | 45.2-51.5 | 48.6 | 1.6 | 15 |
|---|
| Postorbital distance (PO) | 52.5 | 51.8-71.7 | 63.3 | 5.5 | 16 | 60.0-67.6 | 65.3 | 2.8 | 8 | 60.7-67.4 | 63.4 | 1.6 | 15 |
|---|
| Branchial aperture (BO) | 19.6 | 15.8-21.5 | 19.4 | 1.6 | 16 | 18.8-22.1 | 20.8 | 1.3 | 8 | 16.3-23.9 | 19.4 | 2.3 | 15 |
|---|
| Pectoral-fin base (PB) | 9.6 | 9.4-12.6 | 10.5 | 0.9 | 16 | 9.4-12.3 | 11.0 | 1.1 | 8 | 8.2-13.3 | 10.7 | 1.9 | 15 |
|---|
| Caudal filament depth (CD) | 12.8 | 11.3-15.5 | 13.4 | 1.2 | 16 | 13.3-15.4 | 14.1 | 0.9 | 7 | 11.4-16.0 | 13.5 | 1.6 | 13 |
|---|
| Caudal filament width (CW) | 4.3 | 3.6-7.5 | 5.2 | 1.1 | 16 | 5.9-7.2 | 6.6 | 0.5 | 7 | 4.4-6.9 | 5.6 | 0.6 | 12 |
|---|
| Other proportions |
|---|
| BW1 (% of BD1) | 47.3 | 41.8-51.1 | 46.5 | 2.2 | 16 | 51.5-57.6 | 54.8 | 2.1 | 7 | 51.7-86.4 | 59.0 | 10.5 | 15 |
|---|
| BW2 (% of BD2) | 29.3 | 26.7-37.0 | 31.9 | 3.0 | 16 | 30.8-34.5 | 32.6 | 1.6 | 7 | 27.4-40.7 | 34.5 | 3.4 | 15 |
|---|