Postembryonic development in freshwater crayfish (Decapoda: Astacidea) in an evolutionary context Author Kawai, Tadashi Hokkaido Research Organization, Central Fisheries Research Institution. 238 Hamanaka, Yoichi, Hokkaido 045 - 8555, Japan. & E Author Kouba, Antonín Universits of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Facults of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversits of Hsdrocenoses. Zátiší 728 / II, 389 25 Vodňans, Czech Republic. text Nauplius 2022 e 2022001 2022-02-28 30 1 46 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2358-2936e2022001 journal article 292441 10.1590/2358-2936e2022001 59c0c10a-29f8-4e7c-96ed-63da538d2cc0 2358-2936 10716530

Table 4. Comparison of the morphologs of each postembrsonic stage of Parastacidae members.

	Cherax destructor Clark, 19361)	Engaeus cisternarius Suter, 19772)	Parastacus brasiliensis (von Martens, 1869) 3)	Parastacus nicoleti (Philippi, 1882) 4)	Parastacus pugnax (Poeppig, 1835) 5)
Stage I
1) Present studs, 2) Suter (1977). 3) Noro et al. (2005), 4) Rudolph and Zapata (1986), 5) Rudolph and Rios (1987). Italic tspe shows the diagonistic characters for each famils and Roman tspe the apomorphic characters in the four families.
Ese	Stalk absent	Stalk absent	Stalk absent	Stalk absent	Stalk absent
Carapace	Rostrum bent downward, carapace globular without setae	Rostrum bent downward, carapace globular without setae	Rostrum bent downward, carapace globular without setae	Rostrum bent downward, carapace globular without setae	Rostrum bent downward, carapace globular without setae
Antenna 1	Seta absent, internal and external flagellum both with 8 segments	Seta absent, internal and external flagellum with 3–5 segments	Seta absent, internal and external flagellum with 4–6 segments	Seta absent internal and external flagellum with 3–4 segments	Seta absent internal and external flagellum with 4–6 segments
Antennal scale	Seta absent	Seta absent	Seta absent	Seta absent	Seta absent
Antenna 2	Seta absent, flagellum with 26–28 segments	Seta absent flagellum with 25 segments	Seta absent flagellum with 28–30 segments	Seta absent flagellum with 23 segments	Seta absent flagellum with 23 segments
Mandible	Dentition absent	Dentition absent	Dentition absent	Dentition absent	Dentition absent
Maxilla 1	Seta absent	Seta absent	Seta absent	Seta absent	Seta absent
Maxilliped	Seta on distal end of exopodite absent	Seta on distal end of exopodite absent	Seta on distal end of exopodite absent	Seta on distal end of exopodite absent	Seta on distal end of exopodite absent
Pereiopod tip	Recurved hook	Recurved hook	Recurved hook	Recurved hook	Recurved hook
Pereiopod	Seta absent	Seta absent	Seta absent	Seta absent	Seta absent
Pleopod	Seta absent	Seta absent	Seta absent	Seta absent	Seta absent
Telson	Sub-rectangular with rounded border, devoid of setae	Sub-rectangular with rounded border	Sub-rectangular with rounded border	Sub-rectangular with rounded border	Sub-rectangular with rounded border, dorsomarginal small tubercles
Stage II
Ese	Stalk present	Stalk present	Stalk present	Stalk present	Stalk present
Rostrum	Rostrum slightly developed without setae, carapace less globular	Rostrum slightly developed without setae,carapace less globular	?	Rostrum slightly developed without setae, carapace less globular	Rostrum slightly developed without setae, carapace less globular
Antenna 1	Seta absent, internal and external flagellum both with 8–9 segments	Seta absent, internal and external flagellum both with 6 segments	Seta absent,internal and external flagellum with 6–8 segments	Seta absent, internal and external flagellum with 5–6 segments	Seta absent, internal and external flagellum both with 6–9 segments
Antennal scale	Seta absent	Seta absent	Seta absent	Seta absent	Seta absent
Antenna 2	Seta absent, flagellum with 39–41 segments	Seta absent, flagellum with 29 segments	Seta absent, flagellum with 34 segments	Seta absent, flagellum with 29 segments	Seta absent, flagellum with 31 segments
Mandible	Dentition present	Dentition present	Dentition present	Dentition present	Dentition present
Maxilla 1	Seta present	Seta present	Seta present	Seta?	Seta?
Maxilla 2	Scaphognathite with 3 longer setae on distal part	Scaphognathite with 3 longer setae on distal part	Scaphognathite with 3 longer setae on distal part	Scaphognathite with 1 longer plumose seta on distal part	Scaphognathite with 1 longer plumose seta on distal part
Maxilliped	Setae on distal end of exopodite absent	Setae on distal end of exopodite absent	Setae on distal end of exopodite absent	Setae on distal end of exopodite absent	Setae on distal end of exopodite absent
Pereiopod tip	Re-curved spine	Re-curved spine	Re-curved spine	Re-curved spine	Re-curved spine
Pereiopod	Seta present	Seta present	Seta present	Seta present	Seta present
Pleopod	Long seta absent	Long seta absent	?	?	?
Telson	Sub-rectangular with rounded border, dorsomarginal 20 tubercles	Sub-rectangular with rounded border, dorsomarginal tubercles	Sub-rectangular with rounded border,devoid of setae	Sub-rectangular with rounded border,devoid of setae	Sub-rectangular with rounded border, dorsomarginal tubercles
Stage III
Antenna 1	Seta present	Seta present	Seta present	Seta present	Seta present
Antennal scale	Seta present	Seta present	Seta present	Seta present	Seta present
Antenna 2	Seta present	Seta present	Seta present	Seta present	Seta present
Maxilla 1	Seta present	Seta present	Seta present	Seta present	Seta present
Maxilliped	Setae on distal end of exopodite present	Setae on distal end of exopodite present	Setae on distal end of exopodite present	Setae on distal end of exopodite present	Setae on distal end of exopodite present
Pereiopod tip	Curved spine	Curved spine	Curved spine	Curved spine	Curved spine
Pleopod	Seta present	Seta present	Seta present	Seta present	Seta present
Telson	Segmented with long plumose setae	Segmented with long plumose setae	Segmented with long plumose setae	Segmented with long plumose setae	Segmented with long plumose setae