Re-evaluation of the taxonomic status of four nominal, western Pacific species of tongue soles (Pleuronectoidei: Cynoglossidae: Cynoglossus), with redescription of C. joyneri Günther, 1878 Author Luo, Hai-Rong Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China Author Kong, Xiao-Yu 0000-0003-0010-7425 Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China xykong@scsio.ac.cn Author Munroe, Thomas A. 0000-0002-6317-0985 National Systematics Laboratory, NMFS / NOAA / OS & T, and Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, MRC- 153, Washington, DC, USA munroet@si.edu text Zootaxa 2023 2023-10-27 5360 3 385 408 https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5360.3.3/52123 journal article 276120 10.11646/zootaxa.5360.3.3 6bf9ba55-6b72-4ca7-95a3-35f115f4614a 1175-5326 10085051 7171B65B-295D-4119-BB9A-BD07D5955294

TABLE 3. Selected meristic data and qualitative characters from previous works treating C. joyneri (CJ) and C. lighti (CL) as valid species. Abbreviations defined in text, except CHN= China and JPN= Japan.

Author	Species	N	SL (mm)	Location	DFR	AFR	CFR	DMML	MLL	TV	PL	PHE 1	Mouth-Eye 2	Color 3
1 Position of posterior end of rostral hook relative to lower eye: H–I= not reaching eye; H–II= reaching anterior margin eye; H–III= extending slightly beyond anterior margin of lower eye. 2 Mouth angle relative to posterior margin of lower eye: M–I= not reaching posterior margin; M–II= reaching posterior margin; M–III= extending slightly beyond posterior margin. 3 Ocular-side coloration: UB= uneven brown; B= brown; YB= yellowish brown; RB= reddish brown; GB= grayish brown. Values in bold differ notably from values reported in other literature for the same character.
Wu (1932)	CJ	3	≤210	QD, CHN	106–113	85–87	10	12–13	70–77	-	-	H–II	M–II	GB
	CL	7	≤200	XM, CHN	109–113	82–86	9–10	11	69–78	-	-	H–III	M–III	B
Chabanaud (1951)	CJ	2	223–228	SJ, JPN	105–109	85–86	10	13	82–85	-	-	H–I	M–II	RB
	CL	4	107–171	WZ & XM, CHN	112–113	85–87	10	12	90 –9 2	-	-	H–II/III	M–II/III	DB
Zheng (1955)	CJ	5	136–195	CHN	110–116	85–89	10	11–12	70–78	-	-	H–I/II	M–III	B
	CL	10	128–176	CHN	110–117	82–87	10	10–11	68–77	-	-	H–I	M–III	B
Ochiai (1963)	CJ	103	94–245	JPN	99–112	80–89	9–10	11–12	62–76	50–54	-	H–III	M–III	B/YB
	CL	34	109–204	JPN	103–114	82–89	9–10	12	63–76	52–54	Yes	H–III	M–III	B/YB
Li & Wang (1995)	CJ	10	130–202	CHN	106–117	83–90	10	12–13	65–76	54	-	H–III	M–III	RB
	CL	14	66.7–234	CHN	107–114	83–89	8–10	10–11	70–76	54	Yes	H–III	M–II/III	RB
Cheng (1997)	CJ	5	130–195	CHN	110–116	85–89	10	11–12	70–78	-	-	H–I/II	M–III	GB
	CL	5	130–185	CHN	111–117	80–85	10	10–11	70–75	-	Yes	H–I	M–III	B
Yamada (2002)	CJ	-	-	JPN; CHN	107–116	85–90	10	-	71–78	-	Yes	-	-	-
Yamada & Yashida (2013)	CL	-	-	JPN; CHN	103–114	82–89	9–10	-	63–76	-	-	-	-	-