New insights into the ontogeny of Paranthropus boisei offered by a juvenile maxilla from the Shungura Formation (Ethiopia) Author Thiebaut, Arthur Centro Nacional de Investigación sobre la Evolución Humana (CENIEH), Paseo Sierra de Atapuerca 3, 09002 Burgos (Spain) and Laboratory Paleontology Evolution Paleoecosystems Paleoprimatology (PALEVOPRIM), CNRS & Université de Poitiers, 6 rue Michel Brunet, 86000 Poitiers (France) arthur.thiebaut@cenieh.es Author Guy, Franck Laboratory Paleontology Evolution Paleoecosystems Paleoprimatology (PALEVOPRIM), CNRS & Université de Poitiers, 6 rue Michel Brunet, 86000 Poitiers (France) franck.guy@univ-poitiers.fr Author Hlusko, Leslea J. Centro Nacional de Investigación sobre la Evolución Humana (CENIEH), Paseo Sierra de Atapuerca 3, 09002 Burgos (Spain) leslea.hlusko@cenieh.es Author Surault, Jérôme Laboratory Paleontology Evolution Paleoecosystems Paleoprimatology (PALEVOPRIM), CNRS & Université de Poitiers, 6 rue Michel Brunet, 86000 Poitiers (France) jerome.surault@univ-poitiers.fr Author Towle, Ian Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, 3168 Melbourne (Australia) ianetowle@hotmail.co.uk Author Redae, Blade E. Institute of Human Origins, School of Human Evolution and Social Change (SHESC), Arizona State University, 900 S Cady Mall, Tempe, AZ 85281 (United States) bredae@asu.edu Author Boisserie, Jean-Renaud French Centre for Ethiopian Studies (CFEE), CNRS & Ministry of Europe and Foreign Affairs, PO BOX 5554 Addis Ababa (Ethiopia) & Laboratory Paleontology Evolution Paleoecosystems Paleoprimatology (PALEVOPRIM), CNRS & Université de Poitiers, 6 rue Michel Brunet, 86000 Poitiers (France) jean. renaud. boisserie @ univ-poitiers. fr jean.renaud.boisserie@univ-poitiers.fr text Comptes Rendus Palevol 2026 2026-10-14 25 21 391 416 https://doi.org/10.5852/cr-palevol2026v25a21 journal article 316705 10.5852/cr-palevol2026v25a21 0ab4531e-2947-4ac3-a4e0-13fef8040168 1777-571X 23422227 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:3B77581B-FB13-4AF9-A343-91DA6319CD44

TABLE 3. — Dental developmental stages of OMO 362-10001 and a comparative sample of Paranthropus, based on Moorrees et al. (1963) scale. Age at death are provided by Dean (1987) and Smith et al. (2015b). DNH 47, DNH 44, DNH 84, SK 62 developmental stages are from Braga et al. (2023); KNM-ER 1477 and KNM-ER 1820 developmental stages are from Braga & Moggi-Cecchi (2025). OMO 362-10001, KW 9000, and DNH 108 developmental stages were acquired by the authors. *, indicates estimated age, see text; 1, emerged M1; 0, M1 not emerged.

Specimen inventory	Species	dP 3	dP 4	C	P 3	P 4	M 1	Emerged M 1	Age at death
Maxillas
DNH 47	P. robustus	R ½ - ¾	–	Cr i – ½	–	–	Cr ½	0	0.67 – 0.77
DNH 84	P. robustus	–	–	–	Cr oc – ½	Cr oc	Ri	0	2.24
DNH 108	P. robustus	–	–	R ½ - ¾	R ¼	Cli	A ½	1	5.35 – 5.53
KW 9000	P. robustus	Rc	R ¾ - c	Cr ½	Cr i - oc	Cr i	Ri	0	–
OMO 362-10001	P. boisei	Rc	Rc	R ½	R ¼	Cli	R ¾ - c	1	3.8 – 5*
Mandibles
DNH 44	P. robustus	–	–	Cr ½	–	–	Cr ½ - ¾	0	1.7
KNM-ER 1477	P. boisei	–	–	Cr ¾	Cr ½	Cr ½	Cr c	0	2.5 - 3
KNM-ER 1820	P. boisei	–	–	Cr ¾ - c	Cr ¾ - c	na	Ri	0	2.5 - 3.1
SK 62	P. robustus	–	–	Ri	Ri	Cr ½ - ¾	Ri – ½	0	3,12