The Evolution of Courtship Behavior in Plethodontid Salamanders, Contrasting Patterns of Stasis and Diversification Author Arnold, Stevan J. Author Kiemnec-Tyburczy, Karen M. Author Houck, Lynne D. text Herpetologica 2017 2017-09-01 73 3 190 205 https://bioone.org/journals/herpetologica/volume-73/issue-3/Herpetologica-D-16-00068.1/The-Evolution-of-Courtship-Behavior-in-Plethodontid-Salamanders-Contrasting-Patterns/10.1655/Herpetologica-D-16-00068.1.full journal article 10.1655/Herpetologica-D-16-00068.1 1938-5099 7712293
TABLE 1.—Courtship trait distribution among plethodontid genera and outgroups. Table entries: 0 ¼ absent, 1 ¼ present,? ¼ unknown. Taxa: Cry ¼ Crŋptobranchus and Andrias, Amb ¼ Ambŋstoma, Rhy ¼ Rhŋacotriton, Amp ¼ Amphiuma, Pst ¼ Pseudotriton, Gry ¼ Gŋrinophilus, Hem ¼ Hemidactŋlium, Bol ¼ Bolitoglossa, Pse ¼ Pseudotriton, Den ¼ Dendrotriton, Bat ¼ Batrachoseps, wP ¼ western Plethodon, seP ¼ small eastern Plethodon, leP ¼ large eastern Plethodon, Ens ¼ Ensatina, Hyd ¼ Hŋdromantes, Ane ¼ Aneides, Des ¼ Desmognathus. Courtship traits: tpd ¼ transdermal pheromone delivery, opd ¼ olfactory pheromone delivery, tsw ¼ tail-straddling walk (forward), tbf ¼ turning back towards female (turn), sff ¼ spermatophore deposition in front of female, tm ¼ tail massage during spermatophore pickup (massage). References: 1 ¼ Kerbert (1904); Smith (1907); 2 ¼ Houck and Arnold (2003); 3 ¼ Doten et al. (in press); 4 ¼ Organ and Organ (1968); 5 ¼ Arnold (1972); 6 ¼ Beachy (1997); 7 ¼ Kozak (2003); 8 ¼ Branin (1935); 9 ¼ SJA, personal observations; 10 ¼ Salthe and Salthe (1964); 11 ¼ Lynch and Wallace (1987); Jones et al. (2001); 12 ¼ Table 2, this study; 13 ¼ Stebbins (1949); 14 ¼ Mertens (1923); Noble and Brady (1930); Rehberg (1960); 15 ¼ Cupp (1971); Sapp and Kiemnec-Tyburczy (2011); 16 ¼ Table 2, this study.
ModuleTraitCryAmbRhyAmpPstGryEurHemBolPseDenBatwPsePlePEnsHydAneDes
HC, TSWtpd000?001?11111110111
HC, TSWopd000?000?000000/110?00
TSWtsw001?111111111111?11
TSWtbf000?001?11111110?11
SDsff011?111?11111111?11
POStm000?001?00001001?10
References1234,565,786,910991112125,13145,1516