Macroevolutionary ecomorphology of the Carnivora skull: adaptations and constraints in the extant species Author Meloro, Carlo Author Tamagnini, Davide text Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 2022 2022-11-01 196 3 1054 1068 https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/196/3/1054/6377629 journal article 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab075 0024-4082 7318317

Table 2. Morphological disparity (MD) and evolutionary rates (EvolRates) parameters and P -values (in bold if not significant) computed for fissipeds and pinnipeds in cranium (Cra) and mandible (Mand) shape and size. Additional abbreviations: shape = SH, lnCS = natural logarithm of centroid size

				MD	P -value	EvolRates	P -value
Brownian	SH	Cra	Pinniped	0.007	0.021	6.69E-06	0.001
			Fissiped	0.010		4.12E-06
		Mand	Pinniped	0.006	0.001	1.77E-05	0.76
			Fissiped	0.010		1.72E-05
	lnCS	Cra	Pinniped	0.061	0.013	0.004	0.185
			Fissiped	0.190		0.005
		Mand	Pinniped	0.063	0.010	0.004	0.124
			Fissiped	0.247		0.006
Model fit	SH	Cra	Pinniped	0.007	0.014	5.66E-06	0.001
			Fissiped	0.010		3.42E-06
		Mand	Pinniped	0.006	0.001	1.02E-05	0.002
			Fissiped	0.010		7.71E-06
	lnCS	Cra	Pinniped	0.064	0.014	0.008	0.341
			Fissiped	0.191		0.011
		Mand	Pinniped	0.062	0.010	0.008	0.198
			Fissiped	0.252		0.012