Imprecise descriptions of Passiflora riparia Martius ex Masters led to redundant descriptions as P. emiliae Sacco, P. crenata Feuillet & Cremers, P. pergrandis Holm-Nielsen & Lawesson and P. fernandezii Escobar Author Rome, Maxime Author d'Eeckenbrugge, Geo Coppens text PhytoKeys 2019 117 9 35 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.117.30672 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.117.30672 1314-2003-117-9 FFC17E1EFF96B867FF9AFF9CFFCDFF99 2562428

Table 2. Comparison of herbarium materials referenced in the descriptions of P. riparia, P. emiliae, P. crenata, P. fernandezii, P. pergrandis and P. ambigua. Two specimens of P. crenata from French Guiana have been replaced by field observations on populations at the collecting site. Question marks indicate that the trait could not be determined with confidence (e.g. pubescence on voucher scans). Dashes indicate that it could not be observed on the voucher (e.g. floral traits on sterile vouchers).

Specimen	Origin	Authors' determination	Petiolar gland position	Pseudo-raceme	Pubescence	Bracts size	Bract color	Perianth color	Outer series of filaments	Observations
Master (1872): P. riparia
Spruce2191 (ST)	Brazil	P. riparia	middle	yes	peduncle - bracts - hypanthium - exterior of sepals	3 x 2 cm	reddish	white	Unequal, the outermost filiform and short, next one thicker and longer
Martius 3228 (LT, IT)	Brazil	P. riparia	below middle	yes	bracts - ovary - fruit	3 x 2 cm	reddish pink	pink inside, white outside	"the outermost filiform, the second one thicker" (Latin handnote from Martius)
Killip (1938): P. riparia
Ducke 17338	Brazil, Para	P. riparia	middle	yes	?	4 x 2 cm	reddish	white	One, the outermost being completely atrophied	corona banded white and violet, androgynophore white
Ducke 24044	Brazil, Amazonas	P. cf. laurifolia	apex	no	?	-	green	violet	Two unequal	no inner filaments, fruit acuminate
Killip 26307	Peru	impossible	middle	-	-	-	-	-	-	sterile plant, P. riparia or P. ambigua?
Killip 26683	Peru	P. riparia	below middle	-	-	-	-	-	-	"flowers blue and white" (label)
Killip 28214	Peru	impossible	near apex	-	-	-	-	-	-	sterile plant
Killip 28940	Peru	impossible	middle	-	-	-	-	-	-	sterile plant, P. riparia or P. ambigua?
Killip 29012	Peru	impossible	middle	-	-	4 x 2 cm	-	-	-	fruit orange, P. riparia or P. ambigua?
Klug 3897	Peru	P. riparia	middle	yes	peduncle - bracts - calyx - petioles of pseudoraceme	2 x 1.5 cm	reddish	white	one, the outermost being completely atrophied
Klug 4037	Peru	P. riparia	middle	yes	?	-	-	grayish	one, the outermost being completely atrophied
Spruce 1172	Brazil	P. cf. laurifolia	apex	no	peduncle	-	-	-	-
Spruce 1394	Brazil	P. laurifolia	apex	no	?	-	green	red	two unequal	no inner filaments
Spruce 3390	-	P. phellos	apex	no	?	1.5 x 0.5 cm	green	red	two unequal	corky stems
Swallen 3390	Brazil, Para	P. laurifolia	apex	no	?	-	green	purple	two unequal
Williams 1392	Peru	impossible	below middle	-	-	-	-	-	-	sterile plant, P. riparia or P. ambigua?
Williams 1440	Peru	P. riparia	middle	yes	-	-	reddish	white	one, the outermost being completely atrophied
Williams 3126	Peru	impossible	middle	no	fruits - peduncles	-	-	-	-	P. riparia or P. ambigua?
Williams 5637	Peru	P. venusta	apex	no	?	4 x 2.2 cm	green	purple red	-	triangular sepals and petals, coriaceous leaves
Williams 5848	Peru	P. cf. venusta	below apex	no	-	-	green	-	-	coriaceous leaves
Williams 6300	Peru	impossible	below apex	-	-	-	-	-	-	sterile plant, P. riparia or P. ambigua?
Williams 6378	Peru	P. venusta	near apex	no	ovary	-	green	-	two unequal series
Williams 7876	Peru	P. riparia	middle	no	ovary - peduncle - bracts	3 x 1.5 cm	reddish	white	Unequal, the outermost filiform and short, next one thicker and longer
Williams 7996	Peru	P. riparia	below middle	yes	peduncle - bracts - stipule and petioles of pseudoraceme	3.5 x 2 cm	reddish	-	-
Sacco (1966): P. emiliae
Kuhlmann 1066 (HT)	Brazil, Mato Grosso	P. riparia	below middle	yes	ovary - peduncle - bracts- hypanthium - petioles of pseudoraceme	2.5-3.5 x 1.5-2.5 cm	white	white	Unequal, the outermost filiform and short, next one thicker and longer	short inner series (1-2 mm) in the hypanthium
Kuhlmann 1064 (PT)	Brazil, Mato Grosso	P. riparia	below middle	yes	ovary - peduncles - bracts-hypanthium - petiole of pseudoraceme	2.5-3.5 x 1.5-2.5 cm	white	white	Unequal, the outermost filiform and short, next one thicker and longer	short inner series (1-2 mm) in the hypanthium
Feuillet and Cremers (1984): P. crenata - vouchers
Feuillet 573	French Guiana	P. riparia	middle	yes	peduncles - calyx - bracts - petioles of pseudoraceme	4-5 x 2-3 cm	white	white	Unequal, the outermost filiform and short, next one thicker and longer
Prevost 563	French Guiana	P. riparia	below middle	yes	peduncle - bracts - fruit	5-6 x 4 cm	-	-	-	fruit green with white spots
Feuillet and Cremers (1984): P. crenata - live specimens from originally collected populations
Rome specimens	French Guiana	P. riparia	below middle	yes	peduncles - calyx - bracts - petioles of pseudoraceme	4.5-6.2 x 2.7-4.3 cm	white to pink	white to greenish white	Unequal, the outermost filiform and short or absent, the second one thicker and longer	intermediate series atrophied and the innermost slightly longer; operculum membranous, horizontal, with margin recurved, crenulate
Holm-Nielsen et al. (1988): P. riparia
Holm-Nielsen 1040	Ecuador	P. tolimana	below apex	no	?	1.5 x 0.5 cm	reddish	lilac	two subequal series	bracts short and acute
Knapp 6242	Ecuador	P. tolimana	apex	no	?	1.5 x 0.4 cm	reddish	pinkish lavender	two subequal series	bracts short and acute, inner series oriented towards the androgynophore, covering the entrance to the hypanthium
Cervi (1997): P. riparia
Schultes 9900	Brazil, Amazonas	P. phellos	apex	-	?	3 x 1 cm	green	-	-	corky stems
Spruce 1394	Brazil, Amazonas	P. laurifolia	see above, among materials cited by Killip (1938)
Spruce 1172	Brazil, Amazonas	P. cf. laurifolia
Spruce 3390		P. phellos
Ducke 17338	Brazil, Para	P. riparia	see above, among materials cited by Holm-Nielsen et al. (1988)
Allen 3340	Colombia	P. laurifolia	apex	no	?	3 x 1.5 cm	green	lavender	two unequal series	-
Jativa 439	Ecuador	P. ambigua	middle	yes	ovary	4.5 x 2.5 cm	green	petals white outside, pink inside	-
Warush BBAE86	Ecuador	impossible	below middle	no	fruits - peduncles	-	-	-	-	P. riparia or P. ambigua?
Holm-Nielsen 1040	Ecuador	P. tolimana	see above, among materials cited by Holm-Nielsen et al. (1988)
Smith 3157	Guyana	P. laurifolia	apex		bracts - peduncles	3.5 x 2 cm	green	red	two unequal series
Ancuash 506	Peru	impossible	middle	yes	fruits - peduncles	-	-	-	-	fruit with a uniform color, could be P. ambigua
Schunke 907	Peru	P. riparia	below middle	yes	?	2.5 x 1.5 cm	reddish	-	one, the outermost being completely atrophied
Revilla 241	Peru	P. riparia	below middle	yes	peduncles - bracts - calyx - fruit	2.5 x 1.5 cm	reddish	white	Unequal, the outermost filiform and short, next one thicker and longer	long peduncles
Klug 3897	Peru	P. riparia	see above, among materials cited by Killip (1938)
Schunke 3555	Peru	P. riparia	middle	yes	?	1.5 x 1 cm	purple	-	Unequal, the outermost filiform and short, next one thicker and longer	fruit pale green, with white spots
Schunke 3579	Peru	P. riparia	middle	yes	?	2.5 x 1.5 cm	reddish purple	-	one, the outermost being completely atrophied	immature fruits green with white dots
Schunke 2112	Peru	P. riparia	middle	yes	?	3 x 1.5 cm	violet	-	one, the outermost being completely atrophied
Holm-Nielsen and Lawesson (1987): P. pergrandis
Harling 13771	Ecuador	P. riparia	middle	yes	?	3.5-4.5 x 3-4 cm	violet	more or less white	one, the outermost being completely atrophied	inner series of filaments reduced, filaments cross-striped in white and dark violet
Escobar (1989): P. fernandezii
Fernandez Casas 3341	Bolivia	P. riparia	middle	yes	peduncles - bracts - calyx - petioles of pseudoraceme (some trichomes on leaves of pseudoracemes)	2.5 x 1.5 cm	white	white	Unequal, the outermost filiform and short, next one thicker and longer