Two new hypogean species of the genus Triplophysa (Osteichthyes, Cypriniformes, Nemacheilidae) from Guizhou Province, Southwest China, with underestimated diversity Author Lan, Chang-Ting https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2381-3601 School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China Author Wu, Li 0000-0002-7898-7517 School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China Author Luo, Tao 0000-0003-4186-1192 School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China Author Liu, Ye-Wei 0000-0003-4712-1072 School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou, China Author Zhou, Jia-Jun 0000-0003-1038-1540 Guangxi Key Laboratory for Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China & Zhejiang Forest Resource Monitoring Center, Hangzhou 310020, Zhejiang, China Author Yu, Jing https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3629-3826 School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China Author Zhao, Xin-Rui 0000-0002-9125-6276 School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China Author Xiao, Ning 0000-0002-7240-6726 Zhejiang Forestry Survey Planning and Design Company Limited, Hangzhou 310020, Zhejiang, China Author Zhou, Jiang 0000-0003-4186-1192 School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China text ZooKeys 2024 2024-10-09 1214 237 264 journal article 304378 10.3897/zookeys.1214.122439 031a2c1e-1c60-4ba1-a8e8-72c6b1215c62 PMC11484637 39421436 8B42B493-BD13-4D4C-9161-55978636D055

Table 2. Comparison of the diagnostic features of the two new species described here with those selected for the 39 recognized hypogean species of the genus Triplophysa. Modified from Wu et al. (2018 b), Liu et al. (2022), and Luo et al. (2023). “ – ” indicates uncertainty.

ID	Species	Body pigmentation	Eyes	Eye diameter (% HL)	Interorbital width (% HL)	Dorsal fin distal margin	Secondary sex characteristics	Scales	Lateral line	Posterior chamber of air bladder	Dorsal fin rays	Analfin rays	Pectoral fin rays	Pelvic fin rays	Caudalfin rays	Tip of pelvic fin reaching anus	Anterior nostril barbel-like	Vertebrae
1	T. yaluwang sp. nov.	Entire body	Reduced	4.6–6.1	24.3–26.0	Emarginated	Absent	Absent	Complete	Degenerated	iii, 7	iii, 5	i, 9	i, 5–6	14	Yes	Yes	4 + 36
2	T. ziyunensis sp. nov.	Entire body	Reduced	2.4–4.9	22.3–26.2	Truncated	Absent	Absent	Complete	Degenerated	iii, 8	iii, 5	i, 10	i, 6	16	Yes	Yes	4 + 35
3	T. aluensis	Absent	Reduced	5.6	22.2	Truncated	–	Absent	Complete	Degenerated	iii, 7	iii, 5	i, 9	i, 6	13	No	Yes	–
4	T. anlongensis	Entire body	Normal	5.1–9.3	32.1–35.6	Truncated	Absent	Absent	Complete	Degenerated	iii, 8	iii, 5	i, 11	ii, 8	16	No	Yes	4 + 37
5	T. anshuiensis	Dorsal	Absent	Absent	–	Truncated	Absent	Absent	Complete	Developed	iv, 7–8	ii, 6	i, 10	i, 6	14	Yes	Yes	–
6	T. baotianensis	Entire body	Normal	14.0–15.0	3.40–4.57	Truncated	–	Absent	Complete	Degenerated	iii, 6–7	ii, 4–5	i, 9	i, 5	11–13	No	Yes	–
7	T. cehengensis	Absent	Reduced	1.5–2.2	27.2–36.5	Emarginated	Absent	Absent	Complete	Developed	iv, 9	iii, 5	i, 10	ii, 8	16	Yes	Yes	4 + 35
8	T. erythraea	Absent	Absent	Absent	–	Truncated	Absent	Absent	Complete	Developed	ii, 8	i, 6	ii, 10	ii, 5	17	Yes	No	–
9	T. fengshanensis	Absent	Absent	Absent	–	Truncated	–	Absent	Complete	–	ii, 8	ii, 6	i, 8–10	i, 6–7	16	No	Yes	–
10	T. flavicorpus	Entire body	Normal	5.1–6.8	3.1–5.2	Emarginated	–	Present	Complete	Degenerated	iii, 10	iii, 6–7	i, 11	i, 6–7	16	Yes	No	4 + 34
11	T. gejiuensis	Absent	Absent	Absent	–	Truncated	–	Absent	Complete	Developed	iii, 7–8	iii, 4–6	i, 10	i, 5	14–15	Yes	Yes	–
12	T. guizhouensis	Entire body	Normal	9.4–12.1	20.3–24.3	Truncated	Absent	Present	Complete	Developed	iii, 8	iii, 6	i, 8–9	i, 6	14	No	Yes	–
13	T. huapingensis	Entire body	Normal	10.4–14.3	27.6–30.8	Truncated	Present	Present	Complete	Degenerated	iii, 8–9	iii, 5	i, 9–10	i, 5–6	16	No	No	–
14	T. langpingensis	Absent	Reduced	2.7–5.9	30.6–34.5	Truncated	–	Absent	Incomplete	–	iii, 7–8	iii, 5–6	i, 10–11	i, 6	14	Yes	Yes	–
15	T. longipectoralis	Entire body	Normal	11.8–16.4	21.2–25.3	Emarginated	Present	Present	Complete	Degenerated	iii, 8	iii, 5–6	i, 9–10	i, 6	14–15	Yes	Yes	4 + 35
16	T. longliensis	Entire body	Normal	9.5–11.5	31.4–37.5	Emarginated	Present	Absent	Complete	Developed	iii, 8	iii, 5	i, 10	i, 6	15–16	Yes	Yes	4 + 38
17	T. luochengensis	Entire body	Reduced	7.5–8.6	18.4–21.3	Truncated	Present	Present	Complete	Degenerated	iii, 8	ii, 6	i, 10	i, 6	16–17	No	Yes	4 + 33–34
18	T. macrocephala	Entire body	Reduced	3.6–8.0	22.9–25.8	Truncated	Present	Absent	Complete	Degenerated	iii, 7–9	iii, 5–6	i, 9–11	i, 6	15–17	Yes	Yes	–
19	T. nandanensis	Entire body	Normal	11.1–21.3	24.4–27.8	Emarginated	–	Present	Complete	Degenerated	iv, 8	iv, 5	i, 9–10	i, 6	14–16	No	Yes	4 + 36
20	T. nanpanjiangensis	Entire body	Normal	12.0–16.5	30.3–34.5	Truncated	Present	Absent	Complete	Degenerated	iii, 7–8	ii, 5	i, 9–10	i, 6	16	No	Yes	4 + 38
21	T. nasobarbatula	Entire body	Normal	9.1–13.3	27.0–33.3	Truncated	–	Present	Complete	Degenerated	iii, 8	iii, 5	i, 9	i, 6	15	Yes	Yes	4 + 36
22	T. panzhouensis	Entire body	Normal	7.0–11.0	22.1–31.3	Truncated	Absent	Absent	Complete	Degenerated	iv, 7–8	iii, 5	i, 11	ii, 7	16	No	Yes	4 + 35
23	T. posterodorsalus	Absent	Absent	Absent	–	Truncated	–	Absent	Complete	–	iii, 6	ii, 4	i, 13	i, 5	15	No	Yes	–
24	T. qingzhenensis	Entire body	Reduced	2.1–4.4	25.1–30.4	Truncated	Absent	Absent	Complete	Degenerated	iii, 7–8	iii, 5	i, 8–9	i, 5	14	No	Yes	4 + 36
25	T. qini	Absent	Absent	Absent	–	Emarginated	Present	Absent	Complete	–	ii, 8	ii, 5	–	–	14–16	Yes	No	4 + 34–35
26	T. qiubeiensis	Absent	Absent	Absent	–	Emarginated	–	Absent	Complete	Degenerated	iii, 7	iii, 5	i, 7–9	i, 5	14–15	Yes	No	4 + 35
27	T. rongduensis	Entire body	Normal	7.2–14.7	24.1–28.6	Truncated	Absent	Absent	Complete	Degenerated	iv, 9	iii, 5	i, 10	ii, 7	16	No	Yes	4 + 39
28	T. rosa	Absent	Absent	Absent	–	Emarginated	Absent	Absent	Complete	–	iii, 9	iii, 6	i, 12	i, 7	14	Yes	Yes	–
29	T. sanduensis	Entire body	Normal	11.9–15.4	31.2–40.2	Emarginated	Present	Present	Complete	Degenerated	ii, 8–9	i, 5	i, 8–9	i, 5	17–18	No	Yes	4 + 37
30	T. shilinensis	Absent	Absent	Absent	–	Truncated	–	Absent	Complete	Degenerated	iii, 7	iii, 5	i, 8–10	i, 6	14	No	Yes	–
31	T. tianeensis	Entire body	Reduced	3.0–5.9	21.3–25.6	Truncated	Present	Absent	Complete	Degenerated	iii, 6–7	iii, 6	i, 8–9	i, 5–6	15–16	No	Yes	4 + 35
32	T. tianlinensis	Absent	Reduced	Absent	Absent	Truncated	Present	Absent	Complete	Degenerated	iv, 8–9	iii, 6	i, 10	i, 6	15–16	Yes	Yes	–
33	T. tianxingensis	Entire body	Normal	4.2–6.7	17.4–24.0	Truncated	Absent	Absent	Complete	Developed	iii, 8	ii, 5	i, 9	i, 5	16	No	No	4 + 38
34	T. wudangensis	Entire body	Reduced	5.1–6.5	33.1–35.8	Truncated	Absent	Absent	Complete	Degenerated	iii, 7	iii, 5	i, 8	i, 5	14	No	Yes	4 + 34
35	T. wulongensis	Entire body	Normal	11.1–19.1	38.5–43.1	Emarginated	–	Absent	Complete	Degenerated	ii, 8–9	i, 5–6	i, 8–9	i, 5–7	18	No	Yes	4 + 38–39
36	T. xiangshuingensis	Entire body	Normal	7.5	32.3	Emarginated	–	Absent	Complete	Degenerated	iii, 6	iii, 5	i, 9	i, 6	14	No	Yes	–
37	T. xiangxiensis	Absent	Absent	Absent	–	Emarginated	–	Absent	Complete	Developed	iii, 8	iii, 6	i, 11	i, 6	16	Yes	Yes	–
38	T. xichouensis	Entire body	Reduced	Absent	–	Truncated	Absent	Absent	Complete	Developed	iii, 8	ii, 6	i, 9–10	i, 5–6	16	Yes	Yes	4 + 36
39	T. xuanweiensis	Absent	Absent	Absent	–	Emarginated	–	Absent	Complete	Well developed	iii, 7–8	iii, 5	i, 10–12	i, 7–8	17–18	Yes	No	–
40	T. yunnanensis	Entire body	Normal	7.2–8.3	27.0–27.8	Emarginated	Present	Present	Complete	Degenerated	iii, 7	iii, 5	i, 9–10	i, 7	15–16	No	Yes	–
41	T. zhenfengensis	Entire body	Normal	7.1–16.7	22.2–34.5	Truncated	–	Present	Complete	Degenerated	iii, 7	iii, 5	i, 9	i, 5–7	14–15	No	No	4 + 36