Host plants of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Morocco Author Harym, Younes El 0000-0002-6852-6602 LESCB URL-CNRST N ° 18, FS, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco & elharym. younes @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6852 - 6602 elharym.younes@gmail.com Author Belqat, Boutaïna 0000-0003-2857-7699 LESCB URL-CNRST N ° 18, FS, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco & belqat @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2857 - 7699 belqat@gmail.com Author Norrbom, Allen 0000-0002-5854-089X Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA, ARS, c / o Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA. allen. norrbom @ usda. gov; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5854 - 089 X allen.norrbom@usda.gov text Zootaxa 2022 2022-10-20 5196 3 355 387 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5196.3.3 1175-5326 7235108 11DEC426-BD99-4FD3-8E1F-70D95DDFBBD1

TABLE 2. List of host plant species of fruit flies in Morocco (in alphabetical order by plant).

Plant Family	Tribe	Host plant species	Site N°	Tephritid Species	Part of plant infested (Flowers: F, Fleshy fruit: FF)	Reared (R) or Swept (S) in this study	Reference	Note
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Actinidiaceae	Actinidieae	1. Actinidia chinensis Planch.	-	Ceratitis capitata	FF	-	Liquido et al. 1998 +
Apocynaceae	Asclepiadeae	2. Calotropis procera (Aiton) W.T. Aiton (AA)	82	Dacus longistylus	F	S	White 2006, El Ha- rym & Belqat 2017+	Swept from plant in this study
			-	Ceratitis capitata	FF	-	Liquido et al. 1998 +
Arecaceae	Phoeniceae	3. Phoenix dactylifera L.	-	Ceratitis capitata	FF	-	Liquido et al. 1998 +
Asteraceae	Anthemideae	4. Achillea santolinoides Lag. (R)	50	Trupanea stellata *	F	R
		5. Chamaemelum fuscatum (Brot.) Vasc. (R)	3, 16, 55	Tephritis nigricauda * Trupanea stellata *	F	R
		6. Cladanthus scariosus (Ball.) Oberpr.	72	Tephritis santolinae *	F	R
		& Vogt (HA) (ME)	72	Trupanea stellata *	F	R
		7. Glebionis coronaria (L.) Cass. ex Spach. (R)	20	Tephritis nigricauda *	F	R
		8. Glebionis segetum (L.) Fourr. (R)	20	Tephritis nigricauda *	F	R
		9. Santolina pectinata Lag. (R) (IMAE)	9	Trupanea stellata *	F	R
	Calenduleae	10. Calendula arvensis (Vaill.) L. (O, R, HA)	30, 57,	Tephritis praecox **	F	R	Freidberg & Kugler 1989, Merz 1994,
			73				Smit 2006, Korneyev 2016
	Cardueae	11. Atractylis cancellata L. (R)	29	Acanthiophilus helianthi *	F	R
		12. Carduus martinezii Pau (R) (ME)	34	Acanthiophilus helianthi	F	S		suspected host plant
		18. Centaurea aspera L. (R)	47	Acanthiophilus helianthi **	F	R	Séguy 1934b, White 1988 (as uncertain record)
			47	Chaetorellia hestia **	F	R	White & Marquardt 1989
		19. Centaurea calcitrapa L. (CM, R)	11	Acanthiophilus helianthi **	F	R	Neuenschwander & Freidberg 1983, Morgulis et al. 2015
			61	Urophora quadrifasciata algerica	F	R	El Harym et al. 2020 +
		20. Centaurea clementei Boiss. DC. (R) (IMACE)	24	Acanthiophilus helianthi *	F	R
		21. Centaurea diluta Aiton subsp. diluta (MA, R) (IMAE)	51, 60, 63	Acanthiophilus helianthi *	F	R
			63	Chaetorellia succinea *	F	R	El Harym et al. 2020 + (plant as Centaurea aspera)
			63	Terellia virens *	F	R
			63	Urophora quadrifasciata algerica *	F	R	El Harym et al. 2020 + (plant as Centaurea aspera)
		22. Centaurea eriophora L. (CM)	60	Acanthiophilus helianthi *	F	R
		23. Centaurea maroccana Ball. (MA,	62	Acanthiophilus helianthi *	F	R
		HA)	65	Chaetorellia succinea *	F	R
			65	Terellia colon *	F	R
			62	Terellia virens *	F	R
			73	Urophora quadrifasciata algerica *	F	R
		24. Centaurea monticola Boiss. ex DC. (R) (IME)	23	Acanthiophilus helianthi *	F	R
		25. Centaurea pullata L. (R)	2	Trupanea stellata *	F	R
		26. Centaurea pungens Pomel. (AA)	81	Acanthiophilus helianthi *	F	R
			78	Chaetorellia conjuncta *	F	R	El Harym & Belqat 2017 + (plant as Cen- taurea calcitrapa)
			79	Terellia virens *	F	R	El Harym & Belqat 2017 + (plant as Cen- taurea calcitrapa)
			76, 79, 81	Trupanea amoena *	F	S
			79	Urophora jaculata *	F	R	El Harym & Belqat 2017 + (fly as U. mauritanica, plant as Centaurea calcitrapa)
		34. Galactites duriaei Dur. (O) (IMAE)	58	Acanthiophilus helianthi *	F	R
		35. Galactites tomentosus Moench (R)	40	Acanthiophilus helianthi **	F	R	Neuenschwander & Freidberg 1983, Morgulis et al. 2015
			40	Terellia serratulae **	F	R	Neuenschwander & Freidberg 1983
		36. Mantisalca salmantica (L.) Briq. &	31	Acanthiophilus helianthi *	F	R
		Cavill. (R, HA)	31	Chaetostomella cylindrica	F	R	El Harym et al. 2020 +
			73	Terellia oasis	F	R	El Harym et al. 2020 +
		37. Notobasis syriaca (L.) Cass. (R)	7	Acanthiophilus helianthi **	F	R	Neuenschwander & Freidberg 1983, Morgulis et al. 2015
		38. Onopordum arenarium (Desf.) Pomel. (AA)	80	Tephritis postica *	F	R	El Harym & Belqat 2017 (plant as Onopo- rdum acanthium)
		39. Onopordum macracanthum Schousb. (O, R, HA)	54, 67, 73	Tephritis postica *	F	R
		40. Picnomon acarna (L.) Cass. (R)	33	Acanthiophilus helianthi *	F	R
		41. Ptilostemon rhiphaeus (Pau & Font	43	Acanthiophilus helianthi *	F	R
		Quer) Greuter (R) (MAE)	43	Chaetostomella cylindrica	F	R	El Harym et al. 2020 +
			22	Terellia ptilostemi	F	R	El Harym et al. 2021 +
		42. Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. (MA, R)	64	Acanthiophilus helianthi **	F	R	Hendel 1927, Frei- dberg & Kugler 1989, Knio et al. 2002
		43. Staehelina dubia L. (R)	53	Acanthiophilus helianthi *	F	R
	Cichorieae	44. Andryala integrifolia L. (R)	2, 49	Trupanea stellata *	F	R
		45. Crepis vesicaria subsp. taraxacifolia (Thuill.) Thell. (R)	6	Tephritis matricariae **	F	R	Merz 1994
		46. Lactuca sativa L. (MA)	63	Trupanea amoena **	F	R	Hendel 1927, White & Elson-Harris 1992, Merz 1994
		47. Lactuca serriola L. (= Lactuca scari- ola L.) (R)	52	Trupanea amoena **	F	R	Freidberg & Kugler 1989
		48. Lactuca tenerrima Pourr. (R)	23	Trupanea amoena *	F	R
		49. Leontodon saxatilis Lam. (= Le- ontodon taraxacoides (Vill.) Willd. ex	15	Campiglossa producta **	F	R	Smit 2006
		Mérat.) (AA, R)	15, 83	Ensina sonchi	F	R	El Harym & Belqat 2017 (plant as Hy- pochaeris radicata)
		50. Reichardia picroides (L.) Roth. (R)	45	Trupanea amoena **	F	R	Mazzon et al. 2008
		51. Scolymus hispanicus L. (CM)	59	Acanthiophilus helianthi **	F	R	Giray 1979, Neuen- schwander & Frei- dberg 1983, White 1988), Morgulis et al. 2015
	Inuleae	60. Asteriscus aquaticus (L.) Less. (R)	43	Goniurellia longicauda	F	S		suspected host plant
		61. Asteriscus imbricatus (Cav.) DC. (AA) (ME)	76	Chaetorellia hestia	F	S		suspected host plant
		62. Chiliadenus glutinosus (L.) Fourr. (R)	8	Goniurellia persignata *	F	R
		63. Dittrichia graveolens (L.) Greuter (= Inula graveolens (L.) Desf) (R)	31	Goniurellia persignata *	F	R
			25	Myopites cypriacus	F	R	El Harym et al. 2020 +
			4	Trupanea stellata **	F	R	Freidberg & Kugler 1989
		64. Dittrichia viscosa (L.) Greuter (= Inula viscosa (L.) Aiton.) (R)	31, 40	Goniurellia persignata *	F	R
			31, 35	Myopites stylatus	F	S	Freidberg 1979
		65. Limbarda crithmoides subsp. longi- folia (Arcang.) Greuter (R)	19, 46	Myopites longirostris	F	R	Hendel 1927, Séguy 1934b, El Harym et al. 2020 +
		66. Pentanema montanum (L.) D. Gut. Larr., Santos-Vicente, Anderb., E. Rico & M.M. Mart. Ort. (= Inula montana L.) (R)	9	Goniurellia longicauda *	F	R
		67. Pulicaria arabica (L.) Cass. (R, MA, HA)	73	Goniurellia persignata	F	R	Freidberg 1980, Frei- dberg & Kugler 1989
			68, 73	Myopites cypriacus **	F	R	Freidberg 1979, Frei- dberg & Kugler 1989
		68. Pulicaria odora (L.) Rchb. (R)	12	Myopites longirostris	F	R	El Harym et al. 2020 +
		69. Pulicaria sicula (L.) Moris (R)	15	Myopites cypriacus	F	S	El Harym et al. 2020 +
	Lactuceae	70. Helminthotheca echioides (L.) Holub (= Picris echioides L.) (R)	15	Ensina sonchi **	F	R	Freidberg & Kugler 1989
				Tephritis divisa **	F	R	Merz 1994
		71. Hypochaeris radicata L. (R)	13	Tephritis vespertina **	F	R	Séguy 1934b, White 1988, Merz 1994, Korneyev 2016
			32	Trupanea amoena *	F	R
	Senecioneae	72. Hertia maroccana (Batt.) Maire (HA) (ME)	75	Trupanea stellata *	F	R
		73. Jacobaea erratica (Bertol.) Fourr. (R)	4	Sphenella marginata **	F	R	White 1988
		74. Jacobaea vulgaris Gaertn (R)	18	Sphenella marginata **	F	R	White 1988
		75. Senecio vulgaris L. (R)	10, 39, 56	Sphenella marginata **			White 1988
			10	Trupanea stellata **	F	R	White 1988
Cactaceae	Opuntieae	76. Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. (= Op- untia ficus-barbarica A. Berger) (R)	5	Ceratitis capitata ***	FF	R	Hendel 1927; Liquido et al. 1998 +, 2020
		77. Opuntia monacantha Haw.	-	Ceratitis capitata	FF	-	Liquido et al. 1998 +
		78. Opuntia stricta (Haw.) Haw.	-	Ceratitis capitata	FF	-	Liquido et al. 1998 +
		79. Capparis spinosa L.	-	Ceratitis capitata	FF	-	Liquido et al. 1998 +
Caricaceae	-	80. Carica papaya L.	-	Ceratitis capitata	FF	-	Liquido et al. 1998 +
Cucurbitaceae	Benincaseae	81. Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai (AA)	84	Dacus frontalis **	FF	R	White 2006
		82. Cucumis sativus L. (R)	40	Dacus frontalis **	FF	R	White 2006
	Cucurbiteae	83. Cucurbita maxima Duchesne (R)	15, 40	Dacus frontalis *	FF	R
		84. Cucurbita pepo L. (R)	40	Dacus frontalis **	FF	R	White 2006
Ebenaceae	Diospyreae	85. Diospyros kaki Thunb.	-	Ceratitis capitata	FF	-	Liquido et al. 1998 +
Ericaceae	-	86. Arbutus unedo L.	-	Ceratitis capitata	FF	-	Liquido et al. 1998 +
Flacourtiaceae	Flacourtieae	87. Dovyalis caffra (Hook. f. & Harv.) Warb.	-	Ceratitis capitata	FF	-	Liquido et al. 1998 +
Juglandaceae	-	88. Juglans regia L.	-	Ceratitis capitata	FF	-	Liquido et al. 1998 +
Lamiaceae	Mentheae	89. Origanum compactum Benth. (R) (IME)	35	Oxyaciura tibialis *	F	R
		90. Origanum grosii Pau & Font Quer. (R) (ME)	1	Oxyaciura tibialis *	F	R
	Ocimeae	91. Lavandula multifida L. (R, MA)	40	Oxyaciura tibialis **	F	R	Merz 1992a
			40, 66	Sphaeniscus filiolus **	F	R	Merz 1992a
	Phlomideae	92. Phlomis crinita Cav.	-	Aciura coryli	F	-	Séguy 1930 + (fly as A. powelli)
Lauraceae	Perseeae	93. Persea americana Mill. (= P ersea gratissima C.F. Gaertn.)	-	Ceratitis capitata	FF	-	White & Elson-Harris 1992, Liquido et al. 1998 +, 2020
Lythraceae	-	94. Punica granatum L.	-	Ceratitis capitata	FF	-	Liquido et al. 1998 +
Moraceae	Ficeae	95. Ficus carica L. (R)	36	Ceratitis capitata ***	FF	R	White & Elson-Harris 1992; Liquido et al. 1998 +, 2020
	Moreae	96. Morus alba L.	-	Ceratitis capitata	FF	-	Liquido et al. 1998 +
		97. Morus nigra L.	-	Ceratitis capitata	FF	-	Liquido et al. 1998 +
Myrtaceae	Myrteae	98. Acca sellowiana (O. Berg) Burret	-	Ceratitis capitata	FF	-	Liquido et al. 1998 +
		99. Psidium guajava L.	-	Ceratitis capitata	FF	-	Liquido et al. 1998 +