Redescription of Plagiopholis styani (Serpentes, Pseudoxenodontidae), with description of two new species from China Author Cai, Bo 0000-0002-4214-9060 China-Croatia Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China Author Xu, Yuhao 0000-0001-6094-6680 State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China Author Vogel, Gernot 0000-0002-4542-518X Society for South East Asian Herpetology, Im Sand- 3, Heidelberg D- 69115, Germany Author Peng, Lifang 0000-0001-9325-7048 State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China Author Xu, Jinan https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1930-8432 Zhejiang Forest Resource Monitoring Center, Hangzhou 310020, China Author Cheng, Lin Jiangxi Wuyishan National Nature Reserve Administration Bureau, Wuyishan National Nature Reserve, Shangrao 334500, China Author Liang, Dong Sichuan Mt. Emei Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Leshan 614201, China Author Li, Mingxi China-Croatia Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China & University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China & Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu 610072, China Author Wang, Yingyong State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol / The Museum of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China Author Ma, Shun https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8611-4550 China-Croatia Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China & University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China text Zoosystematics and Evolution 2025 2025-09-15 101 4 1775 1797 journal article 312305 10.3897/zse.101.152739 896a5bc7-af6e-4161-90de-d7ddaf14f64a 4E1A22E6-CF83-4E5D-94FA-7658DC5B34D8

Table 6. Main morphological characteristics of Plagiopholis pluvialis sp. nov. obtained from the specimens examined in this study, Stejneger (1925), and Zhao et al. (1998). TH: truncus of the hemipenis.

Voucher Number	CIB 119370	CIB 10176	CIB 10177	CIB 10180	CIB 10181	CIB 10184	CIB 10186
	holotype	paratype	paratype	paratype	paratype	paratype	paratype
Source	this study	this study	this study	this study	this study	this study	this study
Location	Mt. Emei, Sichuan	Mt. Emei, Sichuan	Mt. Emei, Sichuan	Mt. Emei, Sichuan	Mt. Emei, Sichuan	Mt. Emei, Sichuan	Mt. Emei, Sichuan
Sex	♂	♂	♂	♂	♂	♂	♂
SVL	282	273	306	284	248	248	274
TAL	40	53	50	51	45	53	49
TL	322	326	356	335	292	301	323
TAL / TL	0.12	0.16	0.14	0.15	0.15	0.18	0.15
TAL / SVL	0.14	0.20	0.16	0.18	0.18	0.21	0.18
HL	11.46	12.12	13.81	13.58	11.74	11.97	12.08
HW	7.62	7.60	7.59	8.44	7.25	8.12	7.67
HW / HL	0.66	0.63	0.55	0.62	0.62	0.68	0.63
ED	2.26	3.88	4.37	4.08	3.91	3.98	4.21
MT	/	/	/	/	/	/	/
PRO	1 / 1	1 / 1	1 / 1	1 / 1	1 / 1	1 / 1	1 / 1
PO	2 / 2	2 / 2	2 / 2	2 / 2	2 / 2	2 / 2	2 / 2
Lor	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
SL	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6
IL	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6
TEMP	2 + 2 / 2 + 2	2 + 2 / 2 + 2	2 + 2 / 2 + 2	2 + 2 / 2 + 2	2 + 2 / 2 + 2	2 + 2 / 2 + 2	2 + 2 / 2 + 2
DSR	15-15 - 15	15-15 - 15	15-15 - 15	15-15 - 15	15-15 - 15	15-15 - 15	15-15 - 15
VEN	108	109	105	108	110	102	108
SC	27	30	26	28	28	29	27
CP	entire	entire	entire	entire	entire	entire	entire
NB	inverted “ V ” shaped	inverted “ V ” shaped	inverted “ V ” shaped	inverted “ V ” shaped	inverted “ V ” shaped	inverted “ V ” shaped	inverted “ V ” shaped
TH	/	/	/	/	/	/	/
Voucher Number	CIB 10188	CIB 10189	CIB 10192	CIB 10193	CIB XMG 2023001	CIB CB 25 DY 01	QHU 2024006
	paratype	paratype	paratype	paratype	paratype	paratype	paratype
Source	this study	this study	this study	this study	this study	this study	this study
Location	Hongya, Sichuan	Mt. Emei, Sichuan	Mt. Emei, Sichuan	Mt. Emei, Sichuan	Chengdu, Sichuan	Mt. Xiling, Sichuan	Mt. Qingcheng, Sichuan
Sex	♂	♂	♂	♂	♂	♂	♂
SVL	261	288	316	286	/	275	272
TAL	46	46	59	51	51	49	49
TL	307	334	375	337	/	324	321
TAL / TL	0.15	0.14	0.16	0.15	/	0.15	0.15
TAL / SVL	0.18	0.16	0.19	0.18	/	0.18	0.18
HL	12.74	13.41	13.79	12.33	/	/	13.13
HW	7.43	7.22	8.88	7.27	/	/	7.81
HW / HL	0.58	0.54	0.64	0.59	/	/	0.59
ED	4.43	/	4.65	3.93	/	/	2.51
MT	/	/	/	/	/	/	18 / 18
PRO	1 / 1	1 / 1	1 / 1	1 / 1	1 / 1	1 / 1	1 / 1
PO	2 / 2	2 / 2	2 / 2	2 / 2	2 / 2	2 / 2	2 / 2
Lor	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
SL	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	/	6 / 6	6 / 6
IL	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	/	6 / 6	6 / 6
TEMP	2 + 2 / 2 + 2	2 + 2 / 2 + 2	2 + 2 / 2 + 2	2 + 2 / 2 + 2	/	/	2 + 2 / 2 + 2
DSR	15-15 - 15	15-15 - 15	15-15 - 15	15-15 - 15	15-15 - 15	15-15 - 15	15-15 - 15
VEN	108	107	108	110	114	106	110
SC	26	26	29	29	27	26	31
CP	entire	entire	entire	entire	entire	entire	entire
NB	inverted “ V ” shaped	inverted “ V ” shaped	inverted “ V ” shaped	inverted “ V ” shaped	inverted “ V ” shaped	inverted “ V ” shaped	inverted “ V ” shaped
TH	/	/	/	/	/	/	spinulate throughout
Voucher Number	QHU 2024007	USNM 64427	USNM 65456	USNM 65506	CIB 10178	CIB 10179	CIB 10182
	paratype	/	/	/	paratype	paratype	paratype
Source	this study	Stejneger (1925)	Stejneger (1925)	Stejneger (1925)	this study	this study	this study
Location	Wenchuan, Sichuan	Mt. Emei, Sichuan	Mt. Emei, Sichuan	Mt. Emei, Sichuan	Mt. Emei, Sichuan	Mt. Emei, Sichuan	Mt. Emei, Sichuan
Sex	♂	♂	♂	♂	♀	♀	♀
SVL	243	/	/	/	283	308	314
TAL	41	/	/	/	34	47	39
TL	284	/	/	/	318	355	353
TAL / TL	0.14	/	/	/	0.11	0.13	0.11
TAL / SVL	0.17	/	/	/	0.12	0.15	0.13
HL	12.45	/	/	/	13.09	12.55	12.41
HW	7.8	/	/	/	7.69	9.10	7.72
HW / HL	0.63	/	/	/	0.59	0.73	0.62
ED	2.33	/	/	/	4.36	4.26	4.43
MT	18 / 18	/	/	/	/	/	/
PRO	1 / 1	1 / 1	1 / 1	1 / 1	1 / 1	1 / 1	1 / 1
PO	2 / 2	2 / 2	2 / 2	2 / 2	2 / 2	2 / 2	2 / 2
Lor	0	1 / 1	0	1 / 1	0	0	0
SL	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6
IL	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6
TEMP	2 + 2 / 2 + 2	2 + 2 / 2 + 2	2 + 2 / 2 + 2	2 + 2 / 2 + 2	2 + 2 / 2 + 2	2 + 2 / 2 + 2	2 + 2 / 2 + 1
DSR	15-15 - 15	15-15 - 15	15-15 - 15	15-15 - 15	15-15 - 15	15-15 - 15	15-15 - 15
VEN	109	109	110	110	116	116	122
SC	30	30	29	30	21	25	25
CP	entire	entire	entire	entire	entire	entire	entire
NB	inverted “ V ” shaped	/	/	/	inverted “ V ” shaped	inverted “ V ” shaped	inverted “ V ” shaped
TH	spinulate throughout	/	/	/	/	/	/
Voucher Number	CIB 10185	CIB 10187	CIB 10191	FMAEM	SYS r 002035	CIB 562295	CIB 562300
	paratype	paratype	paratype	paratype	paratype	/	/
Source	this study	this study	this study	this study	this study	Zhao et al. (1998)	Zhao et al. (1998)
Location	Mt. Emei, Sichuan	Mt. Emei, Sichuan	Mt. Emei, Sichuan	Mt. Emei, Sichuan	Bijie, Guizhou	Mt. Emei, Sichuan	Mt. Emei, Sichuan
Sex	♀	♀	♀	♀	♀	♀	♀
SVL	283	300	285	297	275	311	267
TAL	39	46	35	40	40	43	40
TL	322	346	320	336	315	354	307
TAL / TL	0.12	0.13	0.11	0.12	0.13	/	/
TAL / SVL	0.14	0.15	0.12	0.13	0.15	/	/
HL	12.61	14.15	11.88	13.14	12.48	/	/
HW	7.51	8.20	6.32	8.35	7.24	/	/
HW / HL	0.60	0.58	0.53	0.64	0.58	/	/
ED	4.11	4.49	4.09	/	/	/	/
MT	/	/	/	/	/	/	/
PRO	1 / 1	1 / 1	1 / 1	1 / 1	1 / 1	1 / 1	1 / 1
PO	2 / 2	2 / 2	2 / 2	2 / 2	2 / 2	2 / 2	2 / 2
Lor	0	0	0	0	0	1 / 0	0
SL	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	/	/
IL	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	/	/
TEMP	2 + 2 / 2 + 2	2 + 2 / 2 + 2	2 + 2 / 2 + 2	2 + 2 / 2 + 2	2 + 2 / 2 + 2	/	2 + 2 / 2 + 2
DSR	15-15 - 15	15-15 - 15	15-15 - 15	15-15 - 15	15-15 - 15	15-15 - 15	15-15 - 15
VEN	122	115	119	115	119	119	118
SC	23	22	22	22	26	24	25
CP	entire	entire	entire	entire	entire	entire	entire
NB	inverted “ V ” shaped	inverted “ V ” shaped	inverted “ V ” shaped	inverted “ V ” shaped	inverted “ V ” shaped	/	/
TH	/	/	/	/	/	/	/
Voucher Number	USNM 64429	USNM 64430	USNM 65502	USNM 65505	USNM 66534	CIB 10183	CIB CB 2024 EMS 001
	/	/	/	/	/	paratype	paratype
Source	Stejneger (1925)	Stejneger (1925)	Stejneger (1925)	Stejneger (1925)	Stejneger (1925)	this study	this study
Location	Mt. Emei, Sichuan	Mt. Emei, Sichuan	Mt. Emei, Sichuan	Mt. Emei, Sichuan	Mt. Emei, Sichuan	Hongya, Sichuan	Mt. Emei, Sichuan
Sex	♀	♀	♀	♀	♀	J	J
SVL	/	/	/	/	/	/	101
TAL	/	/	/	/	/	/	16
TL	/	/	/	/	/	/	117
TAL / TL	/	/	/	/	/	/	0.14
TAL / SVL	/	/	/	/	/	/	0.16
HL	/	/	/	/	/	/	8.04
HW	/	/	/	/	/	/	4.96
HW / HL	/	/	/	/	/	/	0.62
ED	/	/	/	/	/	/	/
MT	/	/	/	/	/	/	/
PRO	1 / 1	1 / 1	1 / 1	1 / 1	1 / 1	1 / 1	1 / 1
PO	2 / 2	2 / 2	2 / 2	2 / 2	2 / 2	2 / 2	2 / 2
Lor	0	0	0	1	0	0	0
SL	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6
IL	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6	6 / 6
TEMP	2 + 2 / 2 + 2	2 + 2 / 2 + 2	2 + 2 / 2 + 2	2 + 2 / 2 + 2	2 + 2 / 2 + 2	2 + 2 / 2 + 2	2 + 2 / 2 + 2
DSR	15-15 - 15	15-15 - 15	15-15 - 15	15-15 - 15	15-15 - 15	15-15 - 15	15-15 - 15
VEN	114	116	118	117	117	/	113
SC	18	22	22	16	26	/	27
CP	entire	entire	entire	entire	entire	entire	entire
NB	/	/	/	/	/	inverted “ V ” shaped	inverted “ V ” shaped
TH	/	/	/	/	/	/	/