The Pupae of the Biting Midges of the World (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), With a Generic Key and Analysis of the Phylogenetic Relationships Between Genera Author Borkent, Art text Zootaxa 2014 2014-10-31 3879 1 1 327 journal article 3916 10.11646/zootaxa.3879.1.1 4b976ba3-1a7b-4dd5-8afb-630b7cc8a695 1175-5326 4949051 6423894B-97D9-4286-ABB9-D4AF072B57FD

TABLE 2. References to species of Ceratopogonidae described as eggs, larvae and/or pupae. Species studied as pupae in the current study have their name highlighted in bold font. Stages studied are referred to as 'E' for egg, 'L' for larva and 'P' for pupa. Taxa are arrangement phyletically by subfamily and tribe (some of which are paraphyletic) and within tribes genera are listed alphabetically. Subfamilies are abbreviated as follows: Lept.— Leptoconopinae, Forc. — Forcipomyiinae, Dasy. — Dasyheleinae, Cera. — Ceratopogoninae. References highlighted in bold font are those with SEM photomicrographs. Theses are cited only when their results have not been published. Duplicated figures or repeated descriptions by subsequent authors are not listed here. Fossil taxa are identified with a cross (†). The species name in bold indicates only that named material of the pupa was studied, not that the cited author's specimens were reexamined (although in many instances they were). The larva of Jenkinshelea albaria was tentatively associated by Wirth & Grogan 1979 (not reared); see discussion by Knausenberger, 1987:248.

Subfam.	Tribe	Genus	Subgenus	Species				Reference
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Lept.		Austroconops		A. annettae	E	L		Borkent & Craig, 2004
				A. mcmillani	E	L	P	Borkent & Craig, 2004
		Leptoconops	Holoconops	L. acer			P	Clastrier, 1973
				L. americanus (as kerteszi)	E	L		Rees et al., 1971
							P	Clastrier & Wirth, 1978
				L. arnaudi (as Holoconops kerteszi)	E	L	P	Smith & Lowe, 1948
				L. asilomar			P	Clastrier & Wirth, 1978
				L. bequaerti (as Leptoconops sp.)		L	P	Painter, 1927
							P	Mayer, 1934a
					E			Linley, 1965a
						L		Linley, 1968
				L. borealis		L	P	Krivosheina, 1962
				L. gallicus (as kerteszi)		L	P	Clastrier, 1972
				L. kerteszi		L	P	Raspi et al, 2007a
				L. laurae (as Holoconops mediterranea)			P	Kieffer, 1922b
				(as mediterraneus)		L	P	Glukhova et al., 1975
				(as mediterraneus)		L		Glukhova, 1977
				L. linleyi		L		Hribar & Mullen, 1991
							P	this study
				L. pugnax			P	Clastrier, 1973
				L. whitseli			P	Clastrier & Wirth, 1978
				L. sp. (as a Holoconops)			P	Mayer, 1934a
				L. sp. (as a Holoconops)			P	Mayer in Thienemann, 1936
			Leptoconops	L. bezzii	E	L		Dzhafarov, 1962, 1964
				L. carteri (as torrens)	E	L		Smith & Lowe, 1948
				L. irritans		L		Clastrier, 1971
				L. nipponensis	E	L	P	Ishigami, 1959
			Styloconops	L. albiventris		L		Aussel, 1991
				L. spinosifrons	E	L	P	Laurence & Mathias, 1972
			uncertain	L. sp.		L		Mayer, 1934a
				L. sp.	E			Liu et al., 1990
				L. sp.	E			Gutsevich & Glukhova, 1970
Forc.		Atrichopogon		A. alveolatus		L	P	Nielsen, 1951
				A. attentus		L	P	Lenz, 1933
				A. bifidus		L	P	Ewen & Saunders, 1958
				A. brunnipes (as a Ceratopogon)		L	P	Perris, 1847
				A. caribbeanus		L	P	Ewen & Saunders, 1958
				A. corpulentus		L	P	Ewen & Saunders, 1958
				A. crinitus		L	P	Ewen & Saunders, 1958
				A. dilutus		L	P	Lenz, 1933
				A. dubius		L	P	Nielsen, 1951
				A. flavus		L	P	Ewen & Saunders, 1958
				A. forcipatus (as Kempia hamifera)		L	P	Bangerter, 1933
				A. fusculus		L	P	Malloch, 1915
						L	P	Thomsen, 1937
				(as polydactylus)		L	P	Nielsen, 1951
				(as polydactylus)		L	P	Ewen & Saunders, 1958
				(as polydactylus)		L		Downes & Wirth, 1981
						L	P	Wirth, 1994a
				A. fuscus (as a Kempia)	E	L	P	Goetghebuer, 1923
						L	P	Ewen & Saunders, 1958
						L	P	Gutsevich & Glukhova, 1970
				A. geminus (as levis)	E	L	P	Boesel & Snyder, 1944
				(as levis)		L	P	Ewen & Saunders, 1958
				A. hexastichus		L	P	Nielsen, 1951
				A. humicolus		L	P	Ewen & Saunders, 1958
				A. inconspicuus		L	P	Ewen & Saunders, 1958
				A. incultus		L	P	Ewen & Saunders, 1958
						L	P	Wirth & Soria, 1980
				F. fishi		L		Wirth & Soria, 1980
				F. kaufmannae		L	P	Wirth & Derron, 1976
				F. lesliei (as bicolor)		L	P	Saunders, 1957
						L	P	Wirth & Soria, 1980
				F. malayae			P	Saunders, 1957
				F. spinosa		L	P	Saunders, 1957
						L	P	Wirth & Soria, 1980
				F. terrestris		L	P	Saunders, 1964
						L	P	Wirth & Soria, 1980
				F. tuberculata		L	P	Saunders, 1957
						L	P	Wirth & Soria, 1980
			unplaced	F. sp.		L		de Geer, 1776
				F. sp. (as a Ceratopogon)		L	P	Johannsen, 1905
				F. sp.		L	P	Brauns, 1954
				F. sp.		L		Hribar & Mullen, 1991
				F. sp.		L		Hribar, 1993
				F. sp.		L		Andersen, 1937
				F. sp.		L		Glukhova, 1979a
				F. sp.		L		Downes & Wirth, 1981
				F. sp. (as an Apelma sp.)		L	P	Saunders, 1925
				F. sp. (as species A)		L		Saunders, 1957
				F. sp. (as species A)		L		Saunders, 1964
				F. sp. (as species B)		L		Saunders, 1964
				F. sp.		L		Whitten, 1960
				F. sp.		L		Eisenbeis & Wichard, 1987
				F. sp.		L		Isaev, 1999
				F. sp.		L		Kitaoka, 1998
				† F. sp. (as “fly”)	E			Penney & Green, 2010
Dasy.		Dasyhelea		D. adami		L	P	Vattier, 1964
				D. affinis		L	P	Mayer, 1934c
				D. eloyi		L	P	Díaz et al., 2013
				D. filibranchia (as a Ceratopogon)			P	Lutz, 1914
				D. flava		L	P	Carter et al., 1921b
						L		Mayer, 1934c
							P	de Meillon & Wirth, 1981
				D. flavicauda			P	Spinelli & Ronderos, 1987
				D. flaviformis			P	Carter et al., 1921b
				D. flavifrons (as a Ceratopogon)			P	Guérin-Méneville, 1833
				(as Ceratopogon dufouri)		L	P	Laboulbène, 1869
				(as Ceratopogon hippocastani)		L	P	Mik, 1888
				(as Culicoides versicolor)		L	P	Goetghebuer, 1914
						L	P	Goetghebuer, 1919b
						L	P	Keilin, 1921
				(as obscura)	E	L	P	Keilin, 1921
				(as versicolor)			P	Keilin, 1921
						L	P	Thienemann, 1925
				(as lignicola)		L	P	Thienemann, 1925
				(as brevitibialis)		L	P	Thienemann, 1925
				(as sensualis)		L	P	Thienemann, 1925
				(as obscura)		L	P	Thienemann, 1925
				(as versicolor)		L	P	Thienemann, 1925
				(as obscura)	E			Keilin, 1927
				(as brevitibialis)			P	Thienemann, 1928
				(as sensualis)			P	Thienemann, 1928
				(as lignicola) (as dufouri)		L L?	P P	Thienemann, 1928 Mayer, 1934a
				(as versicolor)		L	P	Mayer, 1934a
				(as lignicola)			P	Mayer, 1934a
							P	Lenz, 1934
				(as brevitibialis)			P	Lenz, 1934
				(as obscura)		L	P	Lenz, 1934
						L	P	Lenz, 1934
				D. flavifrons or D. bilineata		L	P	Lenz, 1934
				† D. sp. (as ceratopogonid midges)			P	Grimaldi & Engel, 2005
				D. sp.			P	Mayer, 1934a
				D. sp.		L		Hribar & Mullen, 1991
				D. sp.			P	Thomsen, 1937
				D. sp.		L		Mayer, 1955
				D. sp.			P	Wirth, 1952a
				D. sp.	E	L	P	Gutsevich & Glukhova, 1970
				D. sp.		L		Hribar, 1993
				D. sp.		L		Glukhova, 1979a
				D. sp.		L		Downes & Wirth, 1981
				D. sp.		L		Gouin, 1955
				D. sp.		L		Smith, 1989
				D. sp. (as a Holoconops)			P	Mayer, 1934c
				D. spp.			P	Orendt, 1993
Cera.	Culicoidini	Culicoides		C. accraensis		L	P	Carter et al., 1920
						L	P	Mayer, 1934c
				C. achrayi		L	P	Kettle & Lawson, 1955
						L		Glukhova, 1968b, 1979a
						L		Gutsevich & Glukhova, 1970
						L		Knoz, 1980
							P	Glukhova, 1989
				C. actoni	E			Kariya et al., 1989
				C. alazanicus		L		Glukhova, 1979a
				(as musilator)		L		Chaker, 1982, 1984
							P	Glukhova, 1989
				C. albicans		L	P	Lawson, 1951
						L	P	Kettle & Lawson, 1952
						L		Glukhova, 1968b, 1979a
						L		Gutsevich & Glukhova, 1970
		Stenoxenus		S. coomani	E			Séguy, 1931
Uncertain identity				Ceratopogon sp. Ceratopogoninae		L L		Johannsen, 1905 (Pl. 17:1-3, Pl. 18:1-3) Müller, 1771
				† Ceratopogonidae Ceratopogonidae Ceratopogoninae		L L	P P	Harnisch, 1932 Derham, 1713 Picado, 1913
				Ceratopogonidae sp. (as Genus A sp. 1) † Neoculicoides jeanneae † Paraculicoides rouseae † Johannsenomyia hotchkissae † Ceratopogon spp.		L	P P P P P	Harris, 1981 Pierce, 1966 Pierce, 1966 Pierce, 1966 Statz, 1941, 1944