The genetic legacy of the Quaternary ice ages Author Godfrey Hewitt text Nature 2000 2000-06-22 405 907 913 journal article 10.1038/35016000 1175813

Table 1 The rates of evolution of various DNA markers

DNA marker	Organism.............................................................................................................................................................................	Average rate of divergence*
Nuclear DNA
* Rates of evolution of various DNA markers are given as per cent divergence per million years,which for microsatellites is in units of mutation per locus per gamete per generation (for details, see refs 84–86).
Synonymous (silent) sites	Mammals	0.7
	Drosophila	3.12
	Plant (monocot)	0.114
Intron	Mammals	0.7
Chloroplast DNA
Synonymous (silent) sites	Plant (Angiosperm)	0.024–0.116
Mitochondrial DNA
Protein­coding regions	Mammals	2.0
	Drosophila	2.0
COI	Shrimps	1.4
D­loop	Human	14
	Human	17.5
	Human	270
Synonymous (silent) sites	Plant (Angiosperm)	0.01–0.042
Microsatellite
	Human	5.6 10 4
	Drosophila	6.3 10 4