The hole is deeper: description of two new species within the Parastacus brasiliensis (von Martens, 1869) species complex with an integrative taxonomy approach Author Huber, Augusto Frederico 0000-0002-4590-3049 gutofh @ yahoo. com. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4590 - 3049 gutofh@yahoo.com.br Author Araujo, Paula Beatriz 0000-0002-7587-3936 pabearaujo @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7587 - 3936 pabearaujo@gmail.com Author Ribeiro, Felipe Bezerra 0000-0002-8623-1576 Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil & fbribeiro. bio @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8623 - 1576 fbribeiro.bio@gmail.com text Zootaxa 2022 2022-07-22 5168 3 251 284 journal article 105314 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.3.1 261f63be-395f-4609-9fa7-96c6c05fb7d4 1175-5326 6882776 3624B353-61FF-4A2E-8583-453822F49948
TABLE 2. Main characters distinguishing Parastacus guapo sp. nov. and Parastacus gomesae sp. nov. from other species of Parastacus cited in the Remarks section. Asterisks: one (*)—indicate variations in the type series, more information in Remarks section; two (**)—according to comparative material. For abbreviations, see Material and Methods.
CharacteresP. brasiliensisP. buckupiP. guapo sp. nov.P. gomesae sp. nov.P. macanudoP. promatensis
Rostrum
ShapeTriangular or spatu- latedTriangularTriangularTriangularTriangularSubtriangular
ApexRounded, ending in an upward spineRounded, ending in an upward spineRounded, ending in an upward spineRounded and smooth*Rounded, ending in a tiny straight blunt spine*Acute, ending in a short and depressed spine.
Dorsal SurfaceConcaveStraightStraightStraight with a slightly concave in the anterior portionStraightFlat
Suborbital angle(=90°)(=90°)>90°*>90° *>90°(=90°)
Postorbital CarinaWeakly prominentWeakly prominentProminent in anterior and middle portionsProminent in anterior and middle portionsWeakly prominentProminent
Cervical grooveWeakly V-shapedWeakly V-shapedWeakly V-shapedWeakly V-shapedWeakly V-shapedU-shaped
Epistome
Anteromedian lobePentagonalPentagonalPentagonalHeptagonalPentagonalPentagonal
Mandible
Incisive processNine teeth (the third tooth from the anterior margin is the largest)Ten teeth (the fourth tooth from the anterior margin is the largest)Nine teeth (the third tooth from the anterior margin is the largest)*Seven teeth (the second tooth from the anterior margin is the largest)Nine teeth (the second tooth from the anterior margin is the largest)Nine teeth (the third tooth from the anterior margin is the largest)
Caudal molar processBicuspidateUnicuspidateBicuspidateBicuspidateBicuspidateBicuspidate
Chelipeds
Carpal spineAbsentAbsentPresentAbsentPresentAbsent
Size and shapeLarge and flattenedLarge and globoseLarge and flattenedLarge and flattenedLarge and flattenedLarge and flattened
Palm dorsal surfaceWith 2-3 rows of verru- cose tubercles irregu- larly distributedWith 2 rows of verru- cose tubercles irregu- larly distributedWith 2-3 rows of verru- cose tubercles irregu- larly distributedWith 3-4 rows of verru- cose tubercles irregu- larly distributedWith a single row of verrucose tubercles ir- regularly distributedWith 3-4 rows of verrucose tubercles irregularly distributed
Palm internal surfaceSmoothSmoothTubercules in medial and low portionsFew small tuberculesSmoothTubercules in medial portion
AreolaWideNarrowNarrow*NarrowNarrowNarrow
Pleon
ShapeLong and wideShort and wideShort and wide*Short and wide*Long and wideLong and wide
Telson
Lateral spinesLarge and sharpSmall and sharpLarge and sharpSmall and sharpLarge and sharpLarge and sharp
HabitatStreamsHigh altitude streamsStreams margins and overflow zoneStreams and overflow zoneSwamp forestHigh altitude streams
ReferencesBuckup & Rossi (1980); Miranda et al. (2018); Ribeiro et al. (2020; 2021)Huber et al. (2018); Ribeiro et al. (2020; 2021)Present contributionPresent contributionHuber et al. (2020); Ribeiro et al. (2020; 2021)Fontoura & Conter (2008); Miranda et al. (2018); Ribeiro et al. (2020)