First revision of the apodid holothurian genus Patinapta Heding, 1928 (Synaptidae) in Japanese waters, with establishment of four new species from Kyushu Island and Ryukyu Islands, southwestern Japan Author Yamana, Yusuke Wakayama Prefectural Museum of Natural History (WMNH), Invertebrate Specimen House, Funo 370 - 1, Kainan, Wakayama 642 - 0001, Japan Author Hirashima, Kentarou Wakayama Prefectural Museum of Natural History (WMNH), 1 Room Curators Head Office, Funo 370 - 1, Kainan, Wakayama 642 - 0001, Japan Author Sato, Masanori Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890 - 0065, Japan & Present address: 5233 Hiramatsu, Aira, Kagoshima 899 - 5652, Japan Author Yamamori, Luna Seto Marine biological laboratory (SMBL) of Kyoto University, 459, Shirahama, Wakayama 649 - 2211, Japan text Zootaxa 2025 2025-01-13 5569 1 1 54 https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5569.1.1 journal article 307817 10.11646/zootaxa.5569.1.1 e18dbbc9-ecbb-4d21-8b14-198f588ed3dd 1175-5326 14703528 96194340-054D-49C0-BD89-D47899BCAF14

TABLE 7-1. Congeneric comparison of the external and internal morphologies of the nominated six species of the genus Patinapta Heding, 1928.

Specific name	Source	Distribution	Body length	Body color		Polian vesicles		Ciliated funnels
a (see Materials and Methods) Ludwig’s [1889–1892 (1889), p156] system.
a (see Materials and Methods) Ludwig’s [1889–1892 (1889), p156] system.
Gen. Patinapta	Author, Year	Type locality	(mm)	Living state	Preserved state	Positiona	Count	Positiona	Density
P. crosslandii	Heding, 1929	Zanzibar	Up to 100	-	Greyish-yellow	RI	1	IR3	-
P. dumasi	Cherbonnier, 1954	Red Sea	About 50×3	-	Whitish-yellow	RI	3	IR3	-
P. laevis	Bedford, 1899	Sandal bay	Up to 150	-	Light reddish	RI	1–4	-	-
P. ooplax	Von Marenzeller, 1882	Japan	About 70×6	-	Pale reddish	RI	1	-	-
P. ooplax	Present study	Japan	About 55–90	Pale misty-rose	Pale peanut	RI	1	IR3	High
P. taiwaniensis	Chao et al. 1988	Taiwan	Up to 150	White, transparent	Yellow, opaque	RI	2	IR3	High
P. taiwaniensis	Present study	Japan	Up to 111	White, transparent	Pale pink, opaque	RI	2–4	IR3	Low
P. vaughani	Cherbonnier, 1953	Mauritius	About 50–60	-	Grey, transparent	RI	1	IR4	Low
Gen. Patinapta	Author, Year	Type locality	(mm)	Living state	Preserved state	Positiona	Count	Positiona	Density
P. crosslandii	Heding, 1929	Zanzibar	Up to 100	-	Greyish-yellow	RI	1	IR3	-
P. deformis sp. nov.	Present study	Yoron-jima	ca. 90–120	-	Pale peanut	RI	3	IR4	High
P. dumasi	Cherbonnier, 1954	Red Sea	ca. 50	-	Whitish-yellow	RI	3	IR3	-
P. edentatus sp. nov.	Present study	Kabira bay	ca. 46–72	Rose, transparent	Pale misty-rose	RI	1	IR4	Low
P. laevis	Bedford, 1899	Sandal bay	Up to 150	-	Light reddish	RI	1–4	-	-
P. neglectus sp. nov.	Present study	Kagoshima bay	ca. 74	-	Pale peanut	RI	1	IR3	High
P. ooplax	von Marenzeller, 1882	Japan	About 70 × 6	-	Pale reddish	RI	1	-	-
P. ooplax	Present study	Japan	About 55–90	Pale misty-rose	Pale peanut	RI	1	IR3	High
P. parvaspiculus sp. nov.	Present study	Yoron-jima	ca. 100–120	-	Pale apricot	RI	1–3	IR4	High
P. taiwaniensis	Chao et al. 1988	Taiwan	Up to 150	White, transparent	Yellow, opaque	RI	2	IR3	High
P. taiwaniensis	Present study	Japan	Up to 111	White, transparent	Pale pink, opaque	RI	2–4	IR3	Low
P. vaughani	Cherbonnier, 1953	Mauritius	About 50–60	-	Grey, transparent	RI	1	IR4	Low