A revised taxonomy and phylogeny of opalinids (Stramenopiles: Opalinata) inferred from the analysis of complete nuclear ribosomal DNA genes Author Li, Ming State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology * and Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control * Ministry of Agriculture * Institute of Hydrobiology * Chinese Academy of Sciences * Wuhan 430072 * China Author Hu, Guangran State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology * and Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control * Ministry of Agriculture * Institute of Hydrobiology * Chinese Academy of Sciences * Wuhan 430072 * China & College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences * University of Chinese Academy of Sciences * Beijing 100049 * China gtwang@ihb.&pponce@ucm.es Author Zhao, Weishan State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology * and Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control * Ministry of Agriculture * Institute of Hydrobiology * Chinese Academy of Sciences * Wuhan 430072 * China & College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences * University of Chinese Academy of Sciences * Beijing 100049 * China gtwang@ihb.&pponce@ucm.es Author Zou, Hong State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology * and Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control * Ministry of Agriculture * Institute of Hydrobiology * Chinese Academy of Sciences * Wuhan 430072 * China Author Li, Wenxiang State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology * and Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control * Ministry of Agriculture * Institute of Hydrobiology * Chinese Academy of Sciences * Wuhan 430072 * China Author Wu, Shangong State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology * and Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control * Ministry of Agriculture * Institute of Hydrobiology * Chinese Academy of Sciences * Wuhan 430072 * China Author Wang, Guitang State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology * and Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control * Ministry of Agriculture * Institute of Hydrobiology * Chinese Academy of Sciences * Wuhan 430072 * China gtwang@ihb. ac.cn Author Ponce-Gordo, Francisco Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología * Facultad de Farmacia * Universidad Complutense de Madrid * Plaza Ramón y Cajal s / n * Madrid 28040 * Spain pponce@ucm.es text Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 2024 2023-11-03 201 2 269 289 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad150 journal article 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad150 0024-4082 13220219 672E17B-149D-466C-9A6E-26C6DD65A7B6Corresponding
Table 4. Posterior means and 95% credibility intervals (CIs) of divergence times (DTs) of Opalinata lineages (in million years) inferred in the TimeTree analysis. Three groups of calibration time points were used to calibrate the molecular clock. Group A (‘sequence evolution’): calibration points with uniform distribution were assigned for the origin of Stramenopiles (1469.6–812.4 Mya) and Ciliophora (1344.0–627.3 Mya) and to the split of Apicomplexa and Dinoflagellata (1098.8–501.9 Mya). Group B (‘host class constraints’): the maximum bounds of the origin of Amphibia (355.7 Mya) and Sauropsida (322.4 Mya) were assigned to the nodes where Karotomorpha (parasite of amphibians) and Proteromonas (parasite of lizards) branched off* respectively. Group C (‘anuran family constraints’): a maximum bound was assigned to the nodes where Protoopalina * Zelleriella * and Opalina branched off* based on the estimated maximum time of emergence of the most ancient anuran family in which species of each genus have been cited (respectively: Ascaphidae * 204 Mya; Microhylidae * 116.3 Mya; Bombinatoridae and Alytidae * 196 Mya). Four scenarios were analysed by combining the groups of calibration time points.
Scenario 1 (A)Scenario 2 (A + B)Scenario 3 (A + C)Scenario 4 (A + B + C)
DT (95% CI)DT (95% CI)DT (95% CI)DT (95% CI)
Opalinata586.7 (304.6–1130.1)515.7 (267.0–996.0)586.7 (304.6–1129.8)515.7 (267.0–996.1)
Karotomorpha351.7 (165.2–748.8)309.2 (178.8–355.7)351.7 (165.6–746.9)309.2 (178.8–355.7)
Opalinida250.4 (110.7–566.5)220.1 (119.3–286.8)250.4 (112.2–558.6)220.1 (119.3–286.8)
Protoopalina119.4 (48.6–293.5)105.0 (56.1–196.6)119.4 (55.1–204.0)105.0 (56.0–196.9)
Zelleriella – Opalina split49.7 (17.4–142.3)43.7 (20.1–95.0)49.7 (19.8–124.7)43.7 (20.4–93.5)