A new species of Habenaria (Orchidaceae, Orchidoideae, Orchideae) from Yunnan, China Author Lin, Dongliang 0000-0002-5175-107X State Key Laboratory of Plant diversity and prominent crops, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China & China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China lindongliang@ibcas.ac.cn Author Qin, Shiyu 0009-0008-2680-6789 State Key Laboratory of Plant diversity and prominent crops, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China & China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China & School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Xuefudadao 999, shajing, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, China qinshiyu320@163.com Author Jin, Xiaohua 0000-0002-9987-5602 State Key Laboratory of Plant diversity and prominent crops, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China & China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China xiaohuajin@ibcas.ac.cn text Phytotaxa 2024 2024-04-30 646 1 67 74 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.646.1.5 journal article 301893 10.11646/phytotaxa.646.1.5 e8c1d9c8-3406-445c-96ee-a8b2c9a1588d 1179-3163 13215222

Table 1. Comparison of the diagnostic characteristics of H. tiechangensis and its relatives.

Character	H. tiechangensis	H. josephi	H. diplonema	H. aitchisonii
Plant tall	11cm tall	5–20cm tall	8–13cm tall	12–33cm
Leaves	3.5cm × 2.5cm, apex acuminate, base narrowed and amplexicaul-sheathing, slightly fleshy, with 3 lateral veins	1.5–3.1 × 1–2.5cm, with white veins on adaxial surface	orbicular, 1.5–2 × 1.4–1.7 cm, adaxially with yellowish white venation, densely finely papillate, base narrowed and amplexicaul-sheathing, margin white ciliate, apex acute.	2–5cm × 1.5–4cm, adaxially with 5 yellowish white venation, apex acute, base narrowed and amplexicaul-sheathing
Inflorescence	laxly 5-flowered	laxly 2–6-flowered	4–14-flowered	dense many flowered
Dorsal sepal	ca. 3mm × ca. 2.5mm	5.5–6 × 2.5–3mm	ca. 3.5 × 3 mm	3–5 × 2.5–3.5 mm
Lateral sepals	4mm ×1.5mm	5–7 × 2.5–2.8mm	ca. 4 × 2.5 mm	3.5–5.5 × 2–3 mm
Petals	3mm × 2mm, front side broadened as a small tooth at base	petals not lobed	obliquely falcate-ovate, ca. 3.5 × 2.3 mm, glabrous, entire	2-lobed, 3–5 × 1.5–2mm, with 1 toothed, small lower lobe at base
Lateral lobes of lip	lanceolate, 2.5 mm × 1mm, slightly shorter than mid-lobe, right angle to mid-lobe	0.6–0.9 cm long, apex recurvedcoiled	filiform, 6–7 mm, much longer than mid-lobe	nearly subulate, sickle-shaped and curved upward, horn-like, 6–12 mm long, apex slightly hooked
Appendage	cushion-like	lacking	-	-
Pedicel and ovary	cylindric, twisted, slightly arching, rachis pubescent	glabrous	twisted, terete, pubescent	papillate hairs
Stigmas	horn-like, elongate along callus	two stigmas, clavate	processes clavate	forward, subclavate, stubby
Elevation range	1900m	3000–4600m	2700–4300m	2100–4300m