<document tableId="DF2AD8BBFFCAFF8D438203A69123FD6D" sourceDocId="FFC5415DFFE2FFA543380118944FFFB7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17245980" ID-Zenodo-Dep="17245980" captionStart="Table 3" checkinTime="1759340608154" checkinUser="carolina" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" updateTime="1759342643638" updateUser="ExternalLinkService"><mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <mods:titleInfo>
        <mods:title>We are the Crystal Gems: taxonomic revision of the gem-fruited species of Commelina L. (Commelinaceae, Commelinales) and their allies</mods:title>
    </mods:titleInfo>
    <mods:name type="personal">
        <mods:role>
            <mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
        </mods:role>
        <mods:namePart>Pellegrini, Marco O. O.</mods:namePart>
        <mods:affiliation>University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa. &amp; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, UK.</mods:affiliation>
    </mods:name>
    <mods:name type="personal">
        <mods:role>
            <mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
        </mods:role>
        <mods:namePart>Cornejo, Xavier</mods:namePart>
        <mods:affiliation>Universidad de Guayaquil, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Departamento de Botánica, Herbario GUAY, Guayaquil, Ecuador.</mods:affiliation>
        <mods:nameIdentifier type="email">xcornejoguay@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
    </mods:name>
    <mods:name type="personal">
        <mods:role>
            <mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
        </mods:role>
        <mods:namePart>Morais, Isa Lucia De</mods:namePart>
        <mods:affiliation>Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Câmpus Sudoeste, Sede Quirinópolis, Goiás, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
        <mods:nameIdentifier type="email">isamorais1@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
    </mods:name>
    <mods:name type="personal">
        <mods:role>
            <mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
        </mods:role>
        <mods:namePart>De Almeida, Rafael F.</mods:namePart>
        <mods:affiliation>University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa. &amp; Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Câmpus Sudoeste, Sede Quirinópolis, Goiás, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
        <mods:nameIdentifier type="email">rafael.dealmeida@wits.ac.za</mods:nameIdentifier>
    </mods:name>
    <mods:name type="personal">
        <mods:role>
            <mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
        </mods:role>
        <mods:namePart>Michelan, Thaisa S.</mods:namePart>
        <mods:affiliation>Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
        <mods:nameIdentifier type="email">thaisamichelan@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
    </mods:name>
    <mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
    <mods:relatedItem type="host">
        <mods:titleInfo>
            <mods:title>European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
        </mods:titleInfo>
        <mods:part>
            <mods:date>2025</mods:date>
            <mods:detail type="pubDate">
                <mods:number>2025-09-25</mods:number>
            </mods:detail>
            <mods:detail type="volume">
                <mods:number>1020</mods:number>
            </mods:detail>
            <mods:extent unit="page">
                <mods:start>1</mods:start>
                <mods:end>94</mods:end>
            </mods:extent>
        </mods:part>
    </mods:relatedItem>
    <mods:location>
        <mods:url>https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3073/13709</mods:url>
    </mods:location>
    <mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
    <mods:identifier type="CLB-Dataset">312479</mods:identifier>
    <mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2025.1020.3073</mods:identifier>
    <mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">357ee87a-0f33-43fc-8f2d-0f6cef4ac528</mods:identifier>
    <mods:identifier type="ISSN">2118-9773</mods:identifier>
    <mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">17206695</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<table id="DF2AD8BBFFCAFF8D438203A69123FD6D"><caption box="[186,1388,702,730]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" startId="40.[186,255,702,730]"><emphasis bold="true" box="[186,284,702,730]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Table 3.</emphasis> Diagnostic field characters for the gem-fruited species of the <taxonomicName _evidence="catalogs" _step="species1" box="[1009,1305,702,730]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="benghalensis"><emphasis box="[1009,1305,702,730]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Commelina benghalensis</emphasis></taxonomicName> group.</caption><thead><tr id="35658A71FFCA005A43F9021C93C6FCAC"><th box="[193,352,772,795]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A43F9021C952FFCAC" pageId="40" pageNumber="41"><emphasis bold="true" box="[193,308,772,795]" id="B9215421FFCAFF8D43F9021C957BFCAC" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Characters</emphasis></th><th box="[378,832,772,795]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A4242021C970FFCAC" pageId="40" pageNumber="41"><taxonomicName _evidence="catalogs" _step="species1" authorityName="Vahl (Vahl" authorityYear="1806" box="[379,574,772,795]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" id="4C55F3B0FFCAFF8D4243021C9671FCAC" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="obliqua"><emphasis bold="true" box="[379,574,772,795]" id="B9215421FFCAFF8D4243021C9671FCAC" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Commelina obliqua</emphasis></taxonomicName></th><th box="[847,1437,772,795]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A4077021C91D2FCAC" pageId="40" pageNumber="41"><taxonomicName _evidence="catalogs" _step="species1" box="[847,1165,772,795]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" id="4C55F3B0FFCAFF8D4077021C90C2FCAC" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pseudomonosperma"><emphasis bold="true" box="[847,1165,772,795]" id="B9215421FFCAFF8D4077021C90C2FCAC" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Commelina pseudomonosperma</emphasis></taxonomicName></th><th box="[1452,1929,772,795]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A4694021C93C6FCAC" pageId="40" pageNumber="41"><taxonomicName _authorityPlausibility="0.9988219" _evidence="catalogs" _step="species1" authority="Growth" authorityName="Growth" box="[1452,1641,772,795]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" id="4C55F3B0FFCAFF8D4694021C9226FCAC" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rufipes"><emphasis bold="true" box="[1452,1641,772,795]" id="B9215421FFCAFF8D4694021C9226FCAC" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Commelina rufipes</emphasis></taxonomicName></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr id="35658A71FFCA005A43F9023393C6FCF4"><th box="[193,352,811,835]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A43F90233952FFCF4" pageId="40" pageNumber="41"><emphasis bold="true" box="[193,330,811,834]" id="B9215421FFCAFF8D43F902339505FCF5" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Growth form</emphasis></th><td box="[378,832,811,835]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A42420233970FFCF4" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Ascending to scrambling</td><td box="[847,1437,811,835]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A4077023391D2FCF4" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Prostrate to scrambling</td><td box="[1452,1929,811,835]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A4694023393C6FCF4" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Prostrate to ascending</td></tr><tr id="35658A71FFCA005A43F9024B93C6FC30"><th box="[193,352,851,903]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A43F9024B952FFC30" pageId="40" pageNumber="41"><emphasis bold="true" box="[193,314,851,902]" id="B9215421FFCAFF8D43F9024B9543FC31" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Leaf-sheath margin</emphasis></th><td box="[378,832,851,903]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A4242024B970FFC30" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Glabrous to sparsely setose, hairs light brown to rusty</td><td box="[847,1437,851,903]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A4077024B91D2FC30" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Glabrous to setose, hairs light brown to rusty</td><td box="[1452,1929,851,903]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A4694024B93C6FC30" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Hirsute, hairs rusty to rusty-brown</td></tr><tr id="35658A71FFCA005A43F9028F93C6FB96"><th box="[193,352,919,1057]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A43F9028F952FFB96" pageId="40" pageNumber="41"><emphasis bold="true" box="[193,264,919,942]" id="B9215421FFCAFF8D43F9028F9547FC19" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Spathe</emphasis></th><td box="[378,832,919,1057]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A4242028F970FFB96" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Pale greenish-white to greenish-white, sometimes margin fuchsia to vinaceous near the apex, externally glabrous to ciliate with hook-hairs, hairs hyaline, margin flat, apex acuminate, slightly falcate</td><td box="[847,1437,919,1057]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A4077028F91D2FB96" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Pale greenish-yellow to yellowish-green, generally suffused with fuchsia to vinaceous along the margin, externally glabrous, rarely with occasional hook-hairs, hairs hyaline, margin repandous, apex acuminate, slightly falcate</td><td box="[1452,1929,919,1057]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A4694028F93C6FB96" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Light green, base only basally connate, splitting open in fruit, truncate to subcordate, externally minutely villous with eventual cilia, hairs hyaline, cilia rusty to rusty-brown, margin flat, apex acute, straight</td></tr><tr id="35658A71FFCA005A43F9052993C6FBD2"><th box="[193,352,1073,1125]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A43F90529952FFBD2" pageId="40" pageNumber="41"><emphasis bold="true" box="[193,266,1073,1096]" id="B9215421FFCAFF8D43F905299545FBFF" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Pedicel</emphasis></th><td box="[378,832,1073,1125]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A42420529970FFBD2" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Sparsely puberulous to puberulous with minute hook-hairs</td><td box="[847,1437,1073,1125]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A4077052991D2FBD2" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Sparsely puberulous with minute hook-hairs</td><td box="[1452,1929,1073,1125]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A4694052993C6FBD2" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Puberulous with minute hook-hairs</td></tr><tr id="35658A71FFCA005A43F9056D93C6FB1D"><th box="[193,352,1141,1194]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A43F9056D952FFB1D" pageId="40" pageNumber="41"><emphasis bold="true" id="B9215421FFCAFF8D43F9056D94BFFB1E" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Paired petal limb</emphasis></th><td box="[378,832,1141,1194]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A4242056D970FFB1D" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Widely rhombic-reniform to reniform, white, base cordate</td><td box="[847,1437,1141,1194]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A4077056D91D2FB1D" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Widely rhombic-reniform to reniform, pale lavender to light pink, base cordate,</td><td box="[1452,1929,1141,1194]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A4694056D93C6FB1D" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Rhombic to rotund, white, base round to subtruncate</td></tr><tr id="35658A71FFCA005A43F905A293C6FABC"><th box="[193,352,1210,1291]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A43F905A2952FFABC" pageId="40" pageNumber="41"><emphasis bold="true" box="[193,322,1210,1233]" id="B9215421FFCAFF8D43F905A2950DFB66" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Medial petal</emphasis></th><td box="[378,832,1210,1291]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A424205A2970FFABC" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Lanceolate, margin revolute at mid-length, forming a medial constriction, white, apex acute</td><td box="[847,1437,1210,1291]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A407705A291D2FABC" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Spathulate to oblanceolate, cucullate, pale lavender to light pink, apex round</td><td box="[1452,1929,1210,1291]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A469405A293C6FABC" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Elliptic to narrowly oblanceolate, flat, white, apex obtuse</td></tr><tr id="35658A71FFCA005A43F9040293C6FA3F"><th box="[193,352,1306,1416]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A43F90402952FFA3F" pageId="40" pageNumber="41"><emphasis bold="true" box="[193,311,1306,1329]" id="B9215421FFCAFF8D43F904029578FA86" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Antherodes</emphasis></th><td box="[378,832,1306,1416]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A42420402970FFA3F" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Narrowly hastate, minute pollen sacs between the upper and lower lobes present, upper lobes conspicuous, oblong, smaller than the lower, lower lobes oblanceolate</td><td box="[847,1437,1306,1416]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A4077040291D2FA3F" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Subtrapezoid, minute pollen sacs between the upper and lower lobes absent, upper lobes reduced, smaller than the lower, lower lobes reduced</td><td box="[1452,1929,1306,1416]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A4694040293C6FA3F" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Cordate, minute pollen sacs between the upper and lower lobes absent, upper lobes absent, lower lobes obovoid</td></tr><tr id="35658A71FFCA005A43F9048093C6FA07"><th box="[193,352,1432,1456]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A43F90480952FFA07" pageId="40" pageNumber="41"><emphasis bold="true" box="[193,352,1432,1455]" id="B9215421FFCAFF8D43F90480952FFA18" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Lateral anthers</emphasis></th><td box="[378,832,1432,1456]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A42420480970FFA07" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Elliptic to ovate</td><td box="[847,1437,1432,1456]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A4077048091D2FA07" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Subcordate to cordate</td><td box="[1452,1929,1432,1456]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A4694048093C6FA07" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Subcordate</td></tr><tr id="35658A71FFCA005A43F904A793C6FA43"><th box="[193,352,1471,1524]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A43F904A7952FFA43" pageId="40" pageNumber="41"><emphasis bold="true" box="[193,339,1471,1494]" id="B9215421FFCAFF8D43F904A7951CFA61" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Medial anther</emphasis></th><td box="[378,832,1471,1524]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A424204A7970FFA43" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Widely sagittate, connective saddle-shaped, pale yellow</td><td box="[847,1437,1471,1524]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A407704A791D2FA43" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Widely sagittate, connective saddle-shaped, pale yellow</td><td box="[1452,1929,1471,1524]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A469404A793C6FA43" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Widely oblong to widely elliptic, connective oblong, yellow</td></tr><tr id="35658A71FFCA005A43F9071C93C6F98F"><th box="[193,352,1540,1592]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A43F9071C952FF98F" pageId="40" pageNumber="41"><emphasis bold="true" box="[193,285,1540,1563]" id="B9215421FFCAFF8D43F9071C9552F9AC" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Capsules</emphasis></th><td box="[378,832,1540,1592]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A4242071C970FF98F" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">6–9 per spathe, widely ellipsoid to widely oblongoid</td><td box="[847,1437,1540,1592]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A4077071C91D2F98F" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">2–4 per spathe, widely obovoid</td><td box="[1452,1929,1540,1592]" id="76B4E30DFFCA005A4694071C93C6F98F" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">2–4 per spathe, subglobose to globose</td></tr></tbody></table></document>