Three new Mesoamerican species of Magnolia (M. sect. Talauma, Magnoliaceae) from the Chimalapas-Uxpanapa region, Mexico Author Vázquez-García, J. Antonio 0000-0002-8393-5906 Herbario IBUG, Instituto de Botánica, Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Camino Ramón Padilla Sánchez No. 2100 Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, 45200, México talaumaofeliae@gmail.com Author Padilla-Lepe, Jesús 0000-0002-7165-8040 Herbario IBUG, Instituto de Botánica, Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Camino Ramón Padilla Sánchez No. 2100 Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, 45200, México ludtita@yahoo.com Author Gallardo-Yobal, Sergio 0000-0001-6118-7065 Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Zongolica, Km 4 Carretera a la compañía S / N, Tepetitlanapa, 95005, Zongolica, Veracruz, México sgyobal@gmail.com Author Rodríguez-Pérez, Ciro 0000-0003-4892-1629 Instituto Tecnológico del Valle de Oaxaca, Xoxocotlán, Oaxaca, 71230, México ciro.biologo@gmail.com Author García-Escobar, Alan 0009-0001-5784-1113 Red de Viveros de Biodiversidad, Coatepec, Veracruz, 91500, México alan16ingamb@gmail.com Author Muñiz-Castro, Miguel Á. 0000-0002-9127-057X Herbario IBUG, Instituto de Botánica, Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Camino Ramón Padilla Sánchez No. 2100 Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, 45200, México miguel.muniz@academicos.udg.mx text Phytotaxa 2024 2024-05-31 652 1 10 32 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.652.1.2 journal article 301759 10.11646/phytotaxa.652.1.2 8ebd90f4-6881-4576-a6fa-1b5c96a83b28 1179-3163 13216465

TABLE 1. Difference among the new species and their morphologically similar and geographically nearest species.

	M. chimalapana	M. wendtii	M. sinacacolinii	M. heribertoi	M. lacandonica	M. uxpanapana	M. perezfarrerae
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Trees (m)	30.0–40.0	7.0	up to 25.0	23–60.0	28–35	25.0–35.0	18.0–20.0
Petioles (cm)	4.0–6.6 × 0.1–0.2	2.5–4.0 × 0.4–0.5	1.5–6.0 × 0.4–0.6	9.5–10.0 × 0.2–0.3	6.0–7.5	3.2–5.0 × 0.2–0.3	8.0–12.7 × 0.8–0.9
Leaf blade size (cm)	12.3–17.0 × 5.8–8.4	16.0–44.0 × 13.0– 14.0	12–37.0 × 5.0–12.5	12.5–17.0 × 6.3–6.5(– 10.0)	18.0–30.0	14.5–20.5 × 8.0–9.5	17.8–25.0 × 9.5–14.3
Secondary vein number	7–10	18–19	12–14	12–14	10–11	8–9	7–9
Longest peduncular internodes in mature flowers (mm)	19.0–20.0 × 3–3.8	20.0 × 3.0–4.0	5.0–8.0 × 6.0–7.0	12.0–13.0 × 22.0–23.0	15.0 × 15.0	9.0–10.0 × 13.0–14.0	11.0–12.0 × 14.0–15.0
Flower buds (cm), shape	5.0–6.0 × 1.1 narrowly ovoid	4.0 × 1.7–2.0 narrowly ovoid	4.0 × 3.0–3.5 broadly ellipsoid	5.5 × 6.8 broadly ellipsoid	3.5–4.5 × 3.0– 3.5 ovoid	6.5 × 5.0 ovoid	8.0–12.0 × 5.6–8.4 broadly ovoid
Sepals	oblong	oblong	broadly obovate	broadly ellipsoid	broadly obovate to sub-rotund	broadly obovate	broadly ovate
Stamen number	48–50	71	71–112	217	198–248	192–216	175
Fruit size (cm), shape	5.5–6.5 × 2.5–3.0 rhomboid to narrowly ellipsoid	unknown rhomboid	(4.5–)5.4 (–7.5) × 1.8(–5.0) sub-globose	5.8–8.3 × 5.5–8.2 spheroid	11.5 × 9.5 broadly ovoid	6.0–8.0 × 4.5–5.5 broadly ovoid	8.0–12.0 × 5.6–8.4 broadly ovoid to ellipsoid
Carpel detachment from axis	unicarpellate	unknown	unicarpellate	multi-carpellate irregular masses	unicarpellate	unicarpellate	multi-carpellate irregular masses
Number carpels, basal carpel size (cm)	8–9 2.7–3.8 × 0.9–1.3	19–28 immature	20–28 1.8–3.75 × 1.3–2.0	36–46 4.2–4.3 × 1.1–1.2	61–70 4.5–4.6 × 1.4–1.5	57–58 2.1–1.7 × 0.9–1.4	89–92 3.5–4.7 × 1.4–1.5
Elevation (m)	300–525	400–450	200–550	350–400	150	80–150	800–850