Feeding ecology of two sympatric species of large-sized groupers (Perciformes: Epinephelidae) on Southwestern Atlantic coralline reefs Author Freitas, Matheus O. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal do Paraná, 81531 - 990 Curitiba, PR, Brazil & Grupo de Pesquisa em Ictiofauna, Museu de História Natural Capão da Imbuia. Rua Prof. Benedito Conceição, 407, 82810 - 080 Curitiba, PR, Brazil serranidae@gmail.com Author Abilhoa, Vinicius Grupo de Pesquisa em Ictiofauna, Museu de História Natural Capão da Imbuia. Rua Prof. Benedito Conceição, 407, 82810 - 080 Curitiba, PR, Brazil vabilhoa@uol.com.br Author Spach, Henry L. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal do Paraná, 81531 - 990 Curitiba, PR, Brazil henry@ufpr.br Author Minte-Vera, Carolina V. Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission. 8901 La Jolla Shores Drive, La Jolla CA 92037 - 1509 EE. UU. - USA cminte@iattc.org Author Francini-Filho, Ronaldo B. Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Centro de Ciências Aplicadas e Educação, Campus IV - Litoral Norte, Av. Santa Elizabete, 160, 58297 - 000 Rio Tinto, PB, Brazil rbfrancinifilho@gmail.com Author Kaufman, Les Boston University Marine Program, 5 Cummington Street, Room 431, Boston, MA, USA 02215.lesk@bu.edu Author Moura, Rodrigo L. Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Biologia Marinha, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Bloco A, Edifício do Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Ilha do Fundão, Cidade Universitária, 21941 - 902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil moura@biologia.ufrj.br text Neotropical Ichthyology 2017 2017-06-12 15 2 e 160047 e 160047 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-20160047 journal article 10.1590/1982-0224-20160047 1982-0224 20126379

Tab. 1. Diet composition of Epinephelus morio and Mycteroperca bonaci showing number percentage (N), frequency of occurrence (FO), weight percentage (W) and percentage of Index of Relative Importance (IRI) of food items consumed in two different size classes (Juvenile=J and Adult=A) from the Abrolhos Bank, Brazil. T= Total.

Item	Epinephelus morio												Mycteroperca bonaci
	%N			%FO			%W			%IRI			%N			%FO			%W			%IRI
	J	A	T	J	A	T	J	A	T	J	A	T	J	A	T	J	A	T	J	A	T	J	A	T
TELEOSTEI	27.94	24.61	26.65	50.94	46.49	48.81	32.47	50.08	43.58	43.70	27.97	38.13	96.43	96.43	96.42	99.15	114.27	104.22	98.34	99.61	99.48	99.79	99.61	99.87
Acanthostracion polygonius Poey, 1876	0.53	---	0.30	0.96	---	0.55	0.58	---	0.23	0.04	---	0.01	---	3.57	1.79	---	4.76	2.12	---	0.05	0.05	---	0.36	0.06
Acanthurus bahianus Castelnau, 1855	---	0.75	0.30	---	1.41	0.55	---	2.11	1.23	---	0.13	0.03	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Acanthurus coeruleus Bloch, Schneider, 1801	0.53	---	0.30	0.96	---	0.55	0.42	---	0.17	0.03	---	0.01	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Acanthurus spp.	0.53	1.49	0.91	0.96	2.82	1.67	0.16	7.40	4.39	0.02	0.85	0.33	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Aluterus monoceros (Linnaeus, 1758)	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	3.57	1.79	---	4.76	2.12	---	23.59 21.16		---	2.70	0.75
Bleniidae	0.53	---	0.30	0.96	---	0.55	0.07	---	0.03	0.02	---	0.01	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Carangidae	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	3.85	3.57	3.57	3.57	4.76	4.25	6.98	5.57	5.72	0.42	0.91	0.61
Chilomycterus spinosus (Linnaeus, 1758)	0.53	0.75	0.60	0.96	1.41	1.11	1.70	1.86	1.75	0.08	0.12	0.10	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Engraulidae	0.53	---	0.30	0.96	---	0.55	0.12	---	0.05	0.02	---	0.01	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Gobiidae	0.53	---	0.30	0.96	---	0.55	0.12	---	0.05	0.02	---	0.01	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Gymnothorax moringa (Cuvier, 1829)	0.53	---	0.30	0.96	---	0.55	2.39	---	0.94	0.10	---	0.02	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Gymnothorax spp.	---	1.49	0.60	---	2.82	1.11	---	13.50	7.89	---	1.43	0.35	---	3.57	1.79	---	4.76	2.12	---	0.71	0.63	---	0.43	0.10
Haemulon aurolineatum Cuvier, 1830	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	17.86	8.93	---	14.29	6.38	---	13.40 12.02		---	9.32	2.06
Halichoeres brasiliensis (Bloch, 1791)	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	3.57	7.14	5.36	3.85	9.52	6.38	14.46 14.82 14.79			0.73	4.36	1.98
Halichoeres poeyi (Steindachner, 1867)	0.53	---	0.30	0.96	---	0.55	0.22	---	0.09	0.02	---	0.01	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Myripristis jacobus Cuvier, 1829	0.53	---	0.30	0.96	---	0.55	2.76	---	1.10	0.11	---	0.03	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Ogcocephalus vespertilio (Linnaeus, 1758)	---	0.75	0.30	---	1.41	0.55	---	1.55	0.91	---	0.11	0.02	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Ophichthydae	2.65	1.49	2.12	4.81	2.82	3.89	0.20	4.48	2.70	0.51	0.57	0.71	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Paraclinus nigripinnis (Steindachner, 1867)	0.53	---	0.30	0.96	---	0.55	0.02	---	0.01	0.02	---	0.01	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Scarinae	1.59	2.99	2.12	2.88	5.63	3.89	0.55	4.73	2.98	0.23	1.47	0.75	3.57	3.57	3.57	3.85	4.76	4.25	6.64	0.72	1.32	0.41	0.43	0.32
Scarus spp.	0.53	---	0.30	0.96	---	0.55	0.31	---	0.12	0.03	---	0.01	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Scarus trispinosus Valenciennes, 1840	---	0.75	0.30	---	1.41	0.55	---	0.55	0.32	---	0.06	0.01	3.57	7.15	5.36	3.85	9.52	6.38	12.51 7.04		7.60	0.65	2.82	1.27
Sparidae remains	---	0.75	0.30	---	1.41	0.55	---	0.43	0.25	---	0.05	0.01	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Sparisoma spp.	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	3.57	1.79	---	4.76	2.12	---	5.81	5.21	---	0.93	0.23
Synodus spp.	0.53	---	0.30	0.96	---	0.55	2.88	---	1.13	0.12	---	0.30	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Unidentified fish	16.81	13.40	15.80	30.77	25.35	28.89	19.97	13.47	17.24	42.33	23.18	35.39	81.87	42.86	62.47	84.03	52.38	68.10	57.75	27.90	30.98	97.58	77.35	92.49
ALGAE
Filamentous algae	---	1.49	0.60	---	2.82	1.11	---	0.10	0.06	---	0.15	0.03	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
MOLLUSCA
Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797	3.17	1.49	2.42	5.77	2.82	4.45	9.66	0.46	4.07	2.75	0.18	1.09	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
BIVALVE	---	1.49	0.60	---	2.82	1.11	---	0.12	0.07	---	0.15	0.03	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
GASTROPODA	1.59	2.99	2.12	2.88	5.63	3.89	0.12	1.51	0.93	0.18	0.85	0.45	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
ECHINODERMATA
Echinoidea	---	1.49	0.60	---	2.82	1.11	---	2.62	1.53	---	0.39	0.10	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
CNIDARIA - CORAL	1.59	1.49	1.51	2.88	2.82	2.78	0.29	0.24	0.26	0.20	0.16	0.18	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
CRUSTACEA	65.71	64.95	65.5	119.23	122.57	118.79	57.46	44.87	49.50	53.17	70.15	59.98	3.57	3.57	3.58	3.85	4.76	4.24	1.66	0.39	0.52	0.21	0.39	0.13
Callinectes.	0.53	---	0.30	0.96	---	0.55	0.40	---	0.16	0.03	---	0.01	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Cronius ruber (Lamarck, 1818)	6.88	14.90	9.99	12.50	28.17	18.33	25.37	27.47	26.42	15.02	40.42	26.42	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Cycloes bairdii var. atlantica Verrill, 1908	---	0.75	0.30	---	1.41	0.55	---	0.22	0.13	---	0.04	0.01	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Family Inachoidinae	0.53	0.75	0.60	0.96	1.41	1.11	0.03	0.22	0.14	0.02	0.04	0.03	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Leptopisa setirostris (Stimpson, 1871)	---	0.75 0.30		---	1.41	0.55	---	0.06	0.04	---	0.04	0.01	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Lithadia.	---	0.75	0.30	---	1.41	0.55	---	0.02	0.01	---	0.03	0.01	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Macrocoeloma camptocerum (Stimpson,1871)	0.53	---	0.30	0.96	---	0.55	0.23	---	0.10	0.02	---	0.01	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Majiidae	---	0.75	0.30	---	1.41	0.55	---	0.10	0.06	---	0.04	0.01	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Malacostraca – Shrimps remains	3.70	2.99	3.32	6.73	5.63	6.11	0.44	0.40	0.41	1.03	0.64	0.86	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Microphrys antillensis Rathbun, 1901	5.82	2.99	4.53	10.58	5.63	8.34	1.71	0.50	0.97	2.96	0.66	1.74	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Microphrys spp.	1.06	---	0.60	1.92	---	1.11	0.02	---	0.01	0.07	---	0.02	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Mithraculus forceps Milne-Edwards, 1875	6.39	1.49	3.63	9.62	2.82	6.67	2.48	0.49	1.26	3.17	0.19	1.23	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Mithrax braziliensis Rathbun, 1892	3.70	0.75	2.42	6.73	1.41	4.45	2.87	0.54	1.44	1.64	0.06	0.65	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Mithrax forceps Milne-Edwards 1875	2.65	---	1.51	4.81	---	2.78	2.32	---	0.91	0.89	---	0.25	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Mithrax hemphilli Rathbun, 1892	1.06	---	0.60	1.92	---	1.11	0.90	---	0.36	0.14	---	0.04	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Mithrax hispidus (Herbst, 1790)	---	2.24	0.92	---	4.23	1.66	---	2.30	1.34	---	0.65	0.14	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Mithrax.	1.59	---	0.92	2.88	---	1.66	1.00	---	0.40	0.27	---	0.08	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Mithrax tortugae Rathbun, 1920	2.12	0.75	1.51	3.85	1.41	2.77	1.79	1.59	1.64	0.56	0.11	0.33	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Notolopas brasiliensis Miers, 1886	---	0.75	0.30	---	1.41	0.55	---	0.02	0.01	---	0.03	0.01	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Odontodactylus havanensis (Bigelow, 1893)	1.65	2.99	2.8	4.81	5.63	5.00	1.08	0.45	0.70	0.48	0.65	0.65	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Panurilus argus Latreille, 1804	0.53	---	0.30	0.96	---	0.55	0.43	---	0.17	0.03	---	0.10	3.57	---	1.79	3.85	---	2.12	1.66	---	0.17	0.21	---	0.06
Parthenope serrata Schmidt, 1857	---	0.75	0.30	---	1.41	0.55	---	0.16	0.09	---	0.04	0.01	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Persephona.	1.06	---	0.60	1.92	---	1.11	0.59	---	0.23	0.11	---	0.03	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Pilumnus dasypodus Kingsley, 1879	---	0.75	0.30	---	1.41	0.55	---	0.09	0.05	---	0.04	0.01	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Portunidae remains	1.06	2.24	1.51	1.92	4.23	2.77	3.24	0.42	1.52	0.30	0.38	0.32	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Portunus ventralis (Milne-Edwards, 1879)	---	0.75	0.30	---	1.41	0.55	---	0.06	0.03	---	0.04	0.01	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Pseudosquilla ciliata (Fabricius, 1787)	2.12	---	1.21	3.85	---	2.22	1.16	---	0.46	0.47	---	0.14	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Stenorhynchus seticornis (Herbst, 1788)	1.06	3.73	2.12	1.92	7.04	3.89	0.20	0.65	0.46	0.09	1.04	0.38	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Stomatopoda	3.17	2.24	2.8	5.77	4.23	5.00	2.36	0.24	1.07	1.18	0.35	0.718	---	3.57	1.79	---	4.76	2.12	---	0.39	0.35	---	0.39	0.07
Superfamily Dromioidea	---	0.75	0.30	---	1.41	0.55	---	0.47	0.28	---	0.06	0.01	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Unidentified Brachyura	15.85 16.41 16.98			28.85	30.99	30.00	6.62	6.33	6.49	24.15	23.87	25.00	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Unidentified Decapoda	2.12	2.24 2.42		3.85	4.23	4.44	1.33	1.58	1.50	0.49	0.54	0.65	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Xanthidae	0.53	1.49	0.91	0.96	2.82	1.66	0.89	0.49	0.64	0.05	0.19	0.10	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---