Descriptions of larvae of four mainly DNA barcode-matched species of chlorocyphids from south-east Asia (Odonata: Chlorocyphidae) with notes on the generic and species level larval identification of Oriental region members of the family. Author Orr, Albert G. W. Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia. Author Dow, Rory A. Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands. & Institute of Biodiversity and Environmental Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia. Author Steinhoff, Philip O. M. Höxter, Germany. text Zootaxa 2024 2024-07-26 5486 3 301 337 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5486.3.1 journal article 302940 10.11646/zootaxa.5486.3.1 76ae8c8e-a79e-4713-9d79-5fcf0409c534 1175-5326 13210005 C7F7E7D5-6F6E-49C8-AF31-9B769EC8B56C

TABLE 1. Most useful diagnostic characters for separating the four species described in detail—*found in all or most other known species in the genus.

character	Heliocypha biseriata	Aristocypha fenestrella	Sundacypha petiolata	Llibellago hyalina
subocular spines on genae	relatively short, mainly blunt and numerous, anterior two spines somewhat longer and more acute	two long anterior acute spines with remainder sparse and mostly acute In ventral view	strong acute anterior spine with sparse, upturned spines seemingly blunt in ventral view	weakly acute cluster of small short spines, without longer anterior spine
Prementum	elongate, flared distally with convex margins; median cleft open	elongate, flared distally with convex margins; median cleft mostly fused	strongly elongate, flared distally with straight margins; median cleft mostly fused	*weakly elongate, *margins with recurved spines in distal half; median cleft fused
Antenna	ca 1.50 times head width; * tip of pedicel dark; * numerous short recurved setae on scape	ca 1.45 times head width; * tip of pedicel dark; *setae on scape long, straight	ca 1.63 times head width: tip of pedicel dark	*ca 1.11 times head width; * tip of pedicel pale, unmarked
Female genital apophyses	inner apophyses long, reaching up beyond tip of epiproct; tip of outer apophysis a thin spine deflected downward away from inner	Unknown	inner apophyses very long, reaching up beyond tip of epiproct; tip of outer apophysis broadly tapered to a point directly backward away from inner	inner apophyses shorter, reaching tip of epiproct; tip of outer apophysis broadly tapered upwards in line with inner, almost reaching tip of latter
Caudal spikes	Long (ca 55% body length) and broad: * tapered smoothly to point from about midway	Medium length (ca 40% body length); * relatively broad until just before apex, where abruptly tapered to point	Very long (ca 65% body length), thin and tapered gradually to a point	Very long (ca 65% body length); *slightly swollen basally then very thin and tapered gradually to a point