A new perennial species of Gomphrena (Amaranthaceae) from Mexico with nomenclatural notes on G. decumbens Author Sandoval-Ortega, Manuel Higinio 0000-0003-1396-9024 Universidad de Sonora, DICTUS, Herbario USON Niños Héroes, entre Rosales y Pino Suárez, Col. Centro, C. P. 83000 Hermosillo, Sonora, México manuelhiginio.sandoval@unison.mx Author Rodríguez-Pérez, Emmeth Josafath 0009-0002-3966-662X Herbario del estado de Zacatecas HZAC, Guadalupe, 98600, Zacatecas, México rdzmth26@gmail.com Author Zumaya-Mendoza, Silvia 0000-0003-0337-4924 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Ciencias, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510 Ciudad de México, México szumaya@ciencias.unam.mx text Phytotaxa 2025 2025-10-14 722 2 125 131 https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.722.2.2 journal article 314199 10.11646/phytotaxa.722.2.2 681ce0ac-7716-46ba-8e3d-adcf84124635 1179-3163 18598054

TABLE 1. Morphological comparison between Gomphrena caxcana, G. serrata, G. nealleyi, and G. haageana.

	G. caxcana	G. serrata	G. nealleyi	G. haageana
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Habit	Perennial	Usually annual	Perennial	Perennial
Adventitious roots	Present	Absent	Absent	Absent
at the base and the
prostrate portion of
stems
Root	Fleshy	Fibrous	Fleshy	Fleshy
Inflorescence length	0.6–0.9	0.7–2.0	1.0–1.2(3.5)	2.0–3.5(6.0)
(cm)
Leaf length (cm)	1.0–3.6	1.5–4.0	1.5–4.0	3.0–10
Bractlets length (mm)	3.0–4.0	4.8–7.4	5.0–7.0	10–15
Tepals	Only external ones	All sclerotic at base	All sclerotic at base	All sclerotic at base
	sclerotic at base
Tepals length (mm)	3.0–3.5	3.2–4.5	4.5–4.7	5.0–5.3
Tepals pubescence	The 2 external tepals	All tepals densely lanate	All tepals densely lanate	All tepals densely lanate
	densely lanate on the	except at the apex	except at the apex	except at the apex
	midvein, the other 3
	tepals sparsely pilose
	near the base
Staminal tube length	As long or slightly	Longer than the tepals	Longer than the tepals	Longer than the tepals
(mm)	shorter than the tepals
Apical lobules of the	2, short, not reaching the	1, long, reaching or	2, long, reaching the	1, long, exceeding the
staminal tube between	apex of the anthers	exceeding the apex of	apex of the anthers	apex of the anthers
anthers		the anthers