Out of the Pan- Himalaya: Evolutionary history of the Paeoniaceae revealed by phylogenomics Author Zhou, Shi- Liang State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China & College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China Author Xu, Chao State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China Author Liu, Jing State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China Author Yu, Yan Key Laboratory of Bio‐Resources and Eco‐Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China Author Wu, Ping State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China & College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China Author Cheng, Tao State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China Author Hong, De-Yuan State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China hongdy@ibcas.ac.cn text Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2021 2020-09-17 59 6 1170 1188 journal article 10.1111/jse.12688 7888942

Table S1. A complete list of 187 materials of Paeonia L. collected for this study.

0	Taxon	Field No	Sample No	Country	Province	Locality	2n=
1	Paeonia cathayana D. Y. Hong &	H97010	BOP003923	China	Henan	Songxian County, Muzhijie	10
2	Paeonia decomposita Hand. -	KD.090520	BOP003948	China	Sichuan	Kangding City, Dahegou	10
3	Paeonia decomposita Hand. -	MEK486	BOP001538	China	Sichuan	Maerkang City, Songgang	10
4	Paeonia delavayi Franch.	SW14	BOP002185	China	Sichuan	Muli County, Shawan	10
5	Paeonia delavayi Franch.	H06016-2	BOP002059	China	Tibet	Bomi County, Songzong	10
6	Paeonia delavayi Franch.	WH01	BOP002137	China	Yunnan	Kunming City, Xishan	10
7	Paeonia delavayi Franch.	817	BOP002046	China	Yunnan	Ninglang County, Luguhu	10
8	Paeonia delavayi Franch.		BOP002168	China	Yunnan		10
9	Paeonia delavayi Franch.		BOP002191	China	Yunnan		10
10	Paeonia jishanensis T. Hong & W. HY 449 Z. Zhao		BOP001585	China	Shaanxi	Huaying County, Mount Hua	10
11	Paeonia jishanensis T. Hong & W. JS 022		BOP001607	China	Shanxi	Jishan County, Majiagou	10
12	Paeonia ludlowii (Stern & G.	H03072	BOP001370	China	Tibet	Milin County	10
13	Paeonia ludlowii (Stern & G.	H03079	BOP001377	China	Tibet	Milin County	10
14	Paeonia ostii T. Hong & J. X.	BZCV072	BOP001481	China	Anhui	Bozhou City, Shijiuli	10
15	Paeonia ostii T. Hong & J. X.	s. n.	BOP003911	China	Hubei	Shengnongjia	10
16	Paeonia qiui Y. L. Pei & D. Y. Hong H 06027		BOP003946	China	Hubei	Baokang County, Houping	10
17	Paeonia quii Y. L. Pei & D. Y. Hong H04041_1		BOP001426	China	Hubei	Shengnongjia, Songbai,	10
18	Paeonia quii Y. L. Pei & D. Y. Hong		BOP001328	China	Hubei		10
19	Paeonia rockii (S. G. Haw & WY06446 Lauener) T. Hong & J. J. Li ex D. Y. Hong		BOP001886	China	Gansu	Tianshui City, Lizinongchang	10
20	Paeonia rockii (S. G. Haw & Lauener) T. Hong & J. J. Li ex D. Y. Hong		BOP001802	China	Gansu		10
21	Paeonia rockii (S. G. Haw & Z203 Lauener) T. Hong & J. J. Li ex D. Y. Hong		BOP003615	China	Henan	Neixiang Cunty, Xiaguan	10
22	Paeonia rockii (S. G. Haw & Z102 Lauener) T. Hong & J. J. Li ex D. Y. Hong		BOP003611	China	Hubei	Baokang County, Houping	10
23	Paeonia rockii (S. G. Haw & LY923 Lauener) T. Hong & J. J. Li ex D. Y. Hong		BOP001890	China	Shaanxi	Lueyang County, Baishuijiang	10
24	Paeonia rockii (S. G. Haw & TB228 Lauener) T. Hong & J. J. Li ex D. Y. Hong		BOP001923	China	Shaanxi	Taibai County, Mount Taibai	10