Current knowledge of helminth parasites in Australian Anatidae species Author Ray, Madeleine Author Barton, Diane Author Shamsi, Shokoofeh text Journal of Natural History 2024 2024-11-25 58 45 - 48 2249 2269 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2420950 journal article 10.1080/00222933.2024.2420950 1464-5262 14243538

Table 1. List of helminths reported from Anatidae species in Australia. Abbreviations include AHC: Australian Helminthological Collection, at present housed in the South Australian Museum, Adelaide, South Australia; CSIRO: Division of Wildlife and Rangelands Research (name of the institution as referred to by Mawson et al. 1986), Canberra, Australian Capital Territory; UMSVS: University of Melbourne, Victoria, School of Veterinary Science; CIH: Commonwealth Institute of Health, University of Sydney, New South Wales; BM: British Museum (Natural History), London, England; AM: Australian Museum, Sydney, NSW; Bass Str.; Bass Strait. ‘Unidentified’ refers to records where the parasite was only classified as Cestoda, Trematoda, Nematoda, or Acanthocephala.

Bird scientific name	Common name Parasite		Locality	Reference/source
a According to Johnston (1912c), the name is no longer valid as the type specimens were lost and the original description is too poor to allow a specific identification. b This is a tribe, not a taxon. The ‘?’ next to some taxon names was included as it appeared in the original records. This notation likely indicates that the authors/curators believed the identification of these species was dubious. c There were two unidentified species. d Native Australian Anatidae species. Note that Anseranas semipalmata is under the family Anseranatidae. Both Anseranatidae and Anatidae are familes under Anseriformes. Since they are the only birds of this family in Australia, they have been included in this study. **indicates native Australian Anatidae species. Note that Anseranas semipalmata is under the family Anseranatidae. Both Anseranatidae and Anatidae are familes under Anseriformes. Since they are the only birds with have in this family in Australia, they have been included in this study.
Anas castanea **	Chestnut teal	N:	Tas	AHC
		Capillaria sp.
		Echinuria uncinata	Tas	AHC
		Epomidiostomum sp.	Tas	AHC
		Tetrameres fissispina	Tas	AHC
		C:	NSW	Johnston (1912b)
		Cloacotaenia megalops (syn. Hymenolepis megalops)
		Diorchis sp.	NSW	CSIRO
		Diorchis flavescens	NSW	Johnston (1912c)
		Diploposthe laevis	NSW	Johnston (1912c)
		Fimbriaria fasciolaris (syn. Taenia pediformis)	NSW	Krefft (1871); Johnston (1912b)
		Microsomacanthus collaris (syn. Hymenolepis collaris)	NSW	Johnston (1912a)
		Cestoda gen. sp.	Vic	AHC
		T:	NSW	AHC
		Hypoderaeum sp.
		Hypoderaeum conoideum	Tas	AHC
		Levinseniella tasmaniae (syn. Tas Microphallus tasmaniae)		Smith (1973)
		Maritrema calvertense	Tas	Smith (1973)
Anas gracilis d reported as Anas gibberifrons	Grey teal	N: Amidostomum acutum	SA	Mawson (1981)
		Capillaria sp.	NSW; NT	CSIRO; AHC
		Echinuria sp.	NSW	CSIRO
		Echinuria uncinata (syn. E. querquedulae)	NT; SA	AHC; Johnston and Mawson (1942)
		Epomidiostomum sp.	NSW	AHC
		Epomidiostomum uncinatum	SA; Vic	Johnston and Mawson (1942); UMSVS
		Streptocara sp.	SA; NSW	Johnston and Mawson (1942); CSIRO
		Strongyloides sp.	NSW	CSIRO
		Tetrameres sp.	SA; NSW	Johnston and Mawson (1942); CSIRO
		C:	NSW	CSIRO
		? Cloacotaenia megalops
		Diorchis flavescens	Qld; NSW	Baylis (1934); CSIRO
		Gastrotaenia sp.	NSW	CSIRO
		Haploparaxis veitchi	Qld	Baylis (1934)
		Hymenolepis robertsi	Qld	Baylis (1934)
		Staphylepis lamellata	SA	AHC
		Cestoda gen. sp.	Vic; SA; NT	UMSVS; AHC;
		T:	NSW	AHC
		Cyclocoelidae gen. sp.
		Echinostoma sp.	NT	AHC
		Echinostomatidae gen. sp.	NSW	AHC
		Echinostomatinae gen. sp.	SA	AHC
		Hypoderaeum sp.	SA	AHC
		Notocotylidae gen. sp.	SA	AHC
Bird scientific name	Common name	Parasite	Locality	Reference/source
		Schistosomatidae gen. sp.	NSW; Qld; Vic	Blair and Ottesen (1979)
		Trichobilharzia sp.	NSW	Bearup (1957)
		Trichobilharzia parocellata	NT	Islam and Copeman (1986)
		Typhlocoelum sp.	SA	AHC
		Trematoda gen. sp.	NSW	AHC
Anas superciliosa d	Pacific black duck	N: Amidostomum sp.	NSW	CSIRO
		Amidostomum acutum	Tas; SA	Mawson (1981)
		Capillaria sp.	NSW	Cleland (1922)
		Contracaecum microcephalum	NSW	Johnston and Mawson (1941b)
		Echinuria sp.	NSW	CSIRO
		Epomidiostomum sp.	NSW; Tas; SA; NT	CSIRO; AHC
		Physaloptera sp.	NSW	Johnston and Mawson (1941a)
		Porrocaecum crassum	Tas	AHC
		N:	Vic; Tas	Mason (1988)
		Streptocara crassicauda
		Tetrameres fissispina	SA; Tas; NT	Johnston and Mawson (1949)
		C:	Qld; NSW; WA	CIH; CSIRO; BM; Johnston
		Cloacotaenia megalops (syn. Hymenolepis megalops)		(1912a)
		Cloacotaenia megalops (syn. Taenia cylindrica)	NSW	Krefft (1871)
		Diorchis flavescens	Qld; NSW;	Johnston (1912b); CIH; CSIRO; AHC
		Diorchis flavescens (syn. Taenia flavescens)	EA	Krefft (1871)
		Diploposthe laevis	NSW	Johnston (1912c)
		Drepanidotaenia lanceolata	Qld	BM
		Fimbriaria sp.	SA	AHC
		Fimbriaria fasciolaris	NSW	Johnston (1912a)
		Fimbriaria fasciolaris (syn. Taenia pediformis)	EA	Krefft (1871)
		Gastrotaenia sp.	NSW	CSIRO
		Hymenolepis sp.	NSW; Qld; SA	Johnston (1912a); AHC
		Microsomacanthus collaris (syn. Hymenolepis collaris)	NSW	Johnston (1912a)
		Microsomacanthus collaris (syn. Taenia bairdii)	EA	Krefft (1871)
		Cestoda gen. sp.	NSW; Tas; Qld; SA; Vic; NT	Cleland (1922); Munday and Green (1972); AHC; UMSVS
		T:	SA	AHC
		? Prosthogonimus sp.
		Apatemon gracilis Cotylurini b	Tas Qld; SA	Smith and Hickman (1983) AHC
		Diplostomatidae gen. sp.	SA	AHC
		Echinostoma revolutum	Qld; NSW; SA; Tas	Johnston (1912a), Johnston and Mawson (1941b); Johnston (1913a); AHC
		Echinostomatinae gen. sp.	Qld; SA;	AHC
		Hypoderaeum sp.	Qld; SA	AHC
		Levinseniella tasmaniae (syn. Microphallus tasmaniae)	SA	Smith (1982)
		Maritrema calvertense	Tas	Smith (1982)
		Notocotylidae gen. sp.	Qld; SA	AHC
		Notocotylus attenuatus	Qld	Nicoll (1914)
		Paramonostomum bursae	Tas	Smith and Hickman (1983a)
		Paramonostomum caeci	Tas	Smith and Hickman (1983a)
		Patagifer sp.	NSW	AHC
Bird scientific name	Common name	Parasite	Locality	Reference/source
		Psilochasmus sp.	Qld	AHC
		Psilochasmus oxyurus	Tas	Smith (1982)
		Schistosomatidae gen. sp.	Qld; NSW; Vic	Blair and Ottesen (1979)
		Trichobilharzia sp.	Qld	Blair and Ottesen (1979)
		Trichobilharzia australis	Qld	Blair and Islam (1983)
		Trichobilharzia parocellata	NT	Islam and Copeman (1986)
		Typhlocoelum sp.	Qld; vic; SA	AHC
Not stated	Domestic duck	N: Streptocara crassicauda	Vic; Tas	Harrigan (1981), Mason (1988)
Not stated Anseranas d semipalmata	Cayuga duck	N: Streptocara crassicauda	Vic; Tas	Mason (1988)
	Magpie goose	N: Amidostomum anseris	Vic	UMSVS
		Epomidiostomum sp.	NT	AHC
		Heterakis sp.	Vic	UMSVS
		Streptocara crassicauda	Vic	UMSVS; Harrigan (1981)
		Tetrameres anseranas	NT; Vic	UMSVS; Mawson (1979)
		C:	Aust	BM
		Angularella australis
		Biuterina sp.	Aust	BM
		Cloacotaenia megalops (syn.	Qld	Johnston (1913a)
		Hymenolepis megalops)
		Passerilepis stylosa	Aust	BM
		Sobolevicanthus terraereginae (syn. Hymenolepis terraereginae)	Qld	Johnston (1913a)
		Cestoda gen. sp.	Qld; Vic; Nt	AHC
		T:	Qld	Nicoll (1914); AHC
		Echinostoma revolutum sensu lato
		Notocotylus attenuatus	Qld; NT	Nicoll (1914); AHC
		Schistosomatidae gen. sp.	Qld	Blair and Ottesen (1979)
Aythya australis d		Typlocoelum reticulare	Qld; NT	Johnston (1913b); AHC
	Hardhead	N:	SA	AHC
		Capillaria sp.
		Epomidiostomum sp.	NSW	WLRR
		Streptocara sp.	Tas	Munday and Green (1972)
		Streptocara crassicauda	Tas	AHC
		C:	NSW	WLRR
		? Sobolevicanthus sp.
		Cloacotaenia sp.	NSW	WLRR
		Diorchis flavescens	NSW	Johnston (1912c)
		Diplogynia sp.	NSW	WLRR
		Diplogynia oligorchis	Qld	CIH
		Diploposthe laevis (syn. Taenia tuberculata)	Qld; NSW;	Johnston (1912c); BM; Maplestone (1922); Krefft (1871)
		Fimbriaria sp.	NSW; SA	WLRR; Mawson et al. (1986)
		Gastrotaenia sp.	NSW	WLRR
		Cestoda gen. sp.	Qld; SA;NT;Vic; Johnston (1912c); CIH; AHC; Qld UMSVS
		T:	NSW; SA	AHC
		Cyclocoelidae gen. sp.
Biziura lobata d		Echinostomatidae gen. sp.	NSW; SA; Qld; NSW	AHC; Blair and Ottesen (1979)
	Musk duck	A:	SA; NSW	AHC; Johnston (1948)
		Polymorphus biziurae
		N:	NSW	CSIRO
		Amidostomum sp.
Bird scientific name	Common name	Parasite	Locality	Reference/source
		Amidostomum biziurae	SA; NSW	Johnston and Mawson (1947), Mawson (1981); Mawson (1959)
		Capillaria sp.	NSW	CSIRO
		Streptocara formosensis	NSW	AHC
		Streptocara recta	SA	AHC
		Tetrameres biziurae	SA; NSW	AHC; Johnston and Mawson (1941a)
		C:	NSW	CSIRO
		? Cloacotaenia megalops
		Cyclophyllidea gen. sp.	SA	AHC
		Gastrotaenia sp.	NSW	CSIRO
		Sobolevicanthus sp. Taenia moschata a	NSW NSW	CSIRO Krefft (1871)
		Cestoda gen. sp.	Qld; NSW; Tas; SA	AHC
		T:	Qld; SA	Dubois and Angel (1972)
		Apatemon vitelliresiduus
		Echinoparyphium ellisi	SA	Johnston and Mawson (1949)
		Echinostoma revolutum	Qld; SA	Johnston and Mawson (1941b)
		Echinostomatidae gen. sp.	NSW;	AHC
		Echinostomatinae gen. sp.	Qld; SA	AHC
		Notocotylidae gen. sp.	NSW; SA	AHC
		Psilochasmus sp.	SA	AHC
		Trematoda gen. sp.	NSW	AHC
Cairina moschata	Muscovy duck	N: Streptocara crassicauda	Vic; Tas	Mason (1988)
		T:	NSW	Campbell and Jackson (1977)
		Sphaeridiotrema globulus
		Trichobilharzia arcuata	NT	Islam (1986)
Cereopsis novaehollandiae d	Cape barren goose	N: Amidostomum anseris	Tas	Mawson (1981)
		Heterakis chenonettae	Tas	AHC
		Heterakis dispar	Bass Str	BM
		Heterakis vesicularis	SA	AHC
		C:	SA	AHC
		Sobolevicanthus sp.
		T:	Tas	AHC
Chenonetta jubata d		Psilochasmus sp.
	Maned duck	N: Amidostomum sp.	Qld; NSW	WLRR
		Epomidiostomum sp.	NSW	WLRR
		Heterakis chenonettae	NSW	Johnston (1912b); Johnston and Mawson (1941b)
		T:	NSW	AHC
		Echinostomatidae gen. sp.
Cygnus atratus d		Schistosomatidae gen. sp.	Qld	Blair and Ottesen (1979)
	Black swan	A: Corynosoma sp.	SA	AHC
		Polymorphus sp.	SA	AHC
		N:	NSW; Vic	CSIRO; AHC
		Amidostomum sp.
		Amidostomum cygni	SA; Tas	Johnston and Mawson (1945), Mawson (1981); AHC
		Capillaria ellisi	SA	(Johnston and Mawson 1945)
		Echinuria uncinata	Vic; Tas; SA	UMSVS; AHC
		Pseudamidostom sp.	NSW	CSIRO
		Tetrameres australis	SA	Johnston and Mawson (1941a); AHC
Common Bird scientific name name Parasite			Locality	Reference/source
		C:	Aust; Qld;	BM; Szpotanska (1931)
		Armadoskrjabinia globosa (syn. Hymenolepis globosa)
		Australiolepis southwelli (syn. Qld; Aust		Szpotanska (1931); Maplestone
		Echinorhynchotaenia nanu)		and Southwell (1922)
		Cyclophyllidae gen. sp.	SA	AHC
		Diorchis spiralis	Aust	Szpotanska (1931)
		Drepanidotaenia lanceolata	Aust; Qld; NSW; BM; WLRR; AHC; Szpotanska Vic; SA (1931)
		Drepanidotaenia lanceolata (syn. Hymenolepis lanceolate)	Qld	Maplestone and Southwell (1922)
		Drepanidotaenia sp.	SA	AHC
		Gastrotaenia sp.	SA	AHC
		Hymenolepis sp.	Qld	BM
		Hymenolepis chenopis	Vic	Palmer (1981)
		Hymenolepis variabilis	Qld	CIH
		Monosaccanthes sp.	SA	AHC
		Monosaccanthes curiosa	Aust	Szpotanska (1931)
		Monosaccanthes curiosa (syn. Hymenolepis curiosa)	Qld	BM
		Monosaccanthes kazachstanica	Vic	Palmer (1981)
		Nematoparataenia paradoxa	Qld; Vic; SA; Aust	Maplestone and Southwell (1922); AHC; BM
		Parabisaccanthes bisacculina	Vic; Qld; SA	Palmer (1981); BM; AHC
		Parabisaccanthes bisacculina (syn. Drepanidotaenia bisacculina)	Aust	Szpotanska (1931)
		Cestoda gen. sp.	NSW; Aust; Qld; Cleland (1922); AHC; AM; CIH; NSW; Tas; UMSVS SA; Vic
		T:	SA	Johnston (1948)
		Apatemon intermedius
		Apatemon intermedius (syn.	NSW	Johnston (1904)
		Hemistomum
		intermedium)
		Cotylurus magniacetabulus	SA	Dubois and Angel (1972)
		Cyclocoelidae gen. sp.	NSW; Vic; SA	AHC
		Cylindroirema cygni	SA	Angel (1973)
		Echinoparyphium ellisi	SA; Qld	Johnston and Mawson (1949); Verma (1936b)
		Echinoparyphium gizzardai	?Qld	Johnston and Mawson (1949); Verma (1936b)
		Echinostoma sp.	Tas	AHC
		Echinostoma revolutum	Qld; SA	Johnston and Mawson (1941b); Nicoll (1914)
		Echinostomatidae gen. sp.	NSW	AHC
		Echinostomatinae gen. sp.	SA	AHC
		Hyptiasmus magnus	Vic	Johnston (1916)
		Hyptiasmus magnus (syn. Monostomum sp.)	Vic	Johnston (1948)
		Notocotylidae gen. sp.	Qld; Tas; NSW; SA	Smith (1982); AHC
		Notocotylus attenuatus	Qld	Nicoll (1914)
		Notocotylus sp.	Tas; SA	AHC
		Paramonostomum caeci	Tas	Smith and Hickman (1983a)
		Psilochasmus oxyurus	Tas	Smith (1982)
Bird scientific name	Common name	Parasite	Locality	Reference/source
		Psilostomum spp. c	SA; Tas	AHC; Smith (1982)
		Trichobilharzia sp.	SA	Johnston (1941)
		Trematoda gen. sp.	NSW	AHC
Dendrocygna arcuata d	Wandering whistling-duck	C:? Passerilepis zosteropis	Aust	BM
		Cloacotaenia megalops	Qld	CIH
		Diorchis flavescens	Qld	Maplestone (1922)
		Diplogynia oligorchis (syn. Coturnia oligorchis)	Qld	Maplestone (1922)
		Diplogynia oligorchis (syn. Diplopostha laevis)	Qld	Johnston (1913a)
		Hymenolepis ibidis	Qld	CIH
		Ophiotaenia hylae	Qld	Maplestone (1922)
		Cestoda gen. sp.	Qld	AHC
		T:	Qld	AHC
		Echinostomatinae gen. sp.
		Notocotylidae gen. sp.	Qld	AHC
		Schistosomatidae gen. sp.	Qld	Blair and Ottesen (1979)
Dendrocygna eytoni d		Trichobilharzia arcuata	NT	Islam (1986)
	Plumed whistling-duck	N:	Tas	Mason (1988)
Dendrocygna eytoni d		N: Streptocara crassicauda	Tas	Mason (1988)
		Streptocara crassicauda
		T:	Qld	Blair and Ottesen (1979)
		Schistosomatidae gen. sp.
Malacorhynchus membranaceus d	Pink-eared duck	N: Acuariidae gen. sp.	SA	AHC
		Capillaria sp.	SA	AHC
		C:	Vic; SA	AHC
		Cestoda gen. sp.
		T:	SA	AHC
		? Microphallidae gen. sp.
		Cyclocoelum sp.	Vic	AHC
		Echinostoma sp.	Vic	AHC
		Notocotylidae gen. sp.	Vic; SA	AHC
		Paramonostomum sp.	SA	AHC
		Trematoda	Vic	AHC
Nettapus coromandelianus d Nettapus pulchellus d	Cotton pygmygoose	T: Cyclocoelum sp.	Qld	AHC
	Green pygmygoose	N: Echinuria uncinata	NT	AHC
		C:	NSW	AHC
		Cestoda gen. sp.
		T:	Qld	Nicoll (1914)
		Echinostoma revolutum
Oxyura australis d		Notocotylus attenuatus	Qld	Nicoll (1914)
	Blue-billed duck	A: Acanthocephala gen. sp.	Tas	Mawson et al. (1986)
		N:	SA	AHC
		Capillaria sp.
		Epomidiostomum sp.	Tas	AHC
		Streptocara crassicauda	Tas	AHC
		C:	Tas; SA	Munday and Green (1972); AHC
		Cestoda gen. sp.
		T:	SA	Dubois and Angel (1972)
		Apatemon intermedius
		Echinostomatinae gen. sp.	SA	AHC
		Notocotylidae gen. sp.	Tas; SA	AHC
Bird scientific name	Common name	Parasite	Locality	Reference/source
Spatula rhynchotis reported as Anas rhynchotis d	Australasian shoveler	N: Acuariidae gen. sp.	NSW	UMSVS
		Amidostomum acutum	NSW	UMSVS
		Capillaria sp.	SA	AHC
		Streptocara crassicauda	Aust	AHC
		Streptocara sp.	NSW	UMSVS
		Tetrameres sp.	SA	AHC
		C:	NSW	CSIRO
		? Cloacotaenia megalops
		Diorchis flavescens (syn. Taenia flavescens)	NSW	Krefft (1871)
		Gastrotaenia sp.	NSW	CSIRO
		Cestoda gen. sp.	NSW; SA	UMSVS; AHC
		T:	SA	Johnston and Mawson (1941b)
		Echinostoma revolutum
		Echinostomatidae gen. sp.	NSW	AHC
		Echinostomatinae gen. sp.	SA	AHC
Stictonetta naevosa d		Schistosomatidae gen. sp.	NSW	Blair and Ottesen (1979)
	Freckled duck	N: Amidostomum ‘sp. 6’	NSW	CSIRO
		Amidostomum acutum	SA	Mawson (1981)
		synhimantus sp.	SA	AHC
		Tetrameres sp.	SA	AHC
		C:	NSW	CSIRO
		Cloacotaenia sp.
		Diorchis sp.	NSW	CSIRO
		Cestoda gen. sp.	SA	AHC
		T:	SA	AHC
		Echinoparyphium sp.
		Notocotylidae gen. sp.	SA	AHC
Tadorna radjah d Tadorna tadornoides d		Psilochasmus sp.	SA	AHC
	Radjah shelduck	N: Amidostomum acutum	NT	Mawson (1981)
	Australasian shelduck	N: Echinuria uncinata	Vic	AHC
		Epomidiostomum sp.	NSW	AHC
		Streptocara crassicauda	Vic	AHC
		Tetrameres sp.	Vic	AHC
		C:	Vic	AHC
		Hymenolepis sp.
		Cestoda gen. sp.	NSW; SA; Vic	AHC
		T:	SA	AHC
		Echinoparyphium sp.
		Echinoparyphium revolutum	SA	AHC
		Echinoparyphium revolutum sensu lato (syn. ‘echinostome larvae’)	NSW	Bradley (1927)