Woznikella triradiata n. gen., n. sp. - a new kannemeyeriiform dicynodont from the Late Triassic of northern Pangea and the global distribution of Triassic dicynodonts Author Szczygielski, Tomasz Institute of Paleobiology, Polish Academy of sciences, Twarda 51 / 55, 00 - 818 Warsaw (Poland) szczygielski@twarda.pan.pl Author Sulej, Tomasz Institute of Paleobiology, Polish Academy of sciences, Twarda 51 / 55, 00 - 818 Warsaw (Poland) sulej@twarda.pan.pl text Comptes Rendus Palevol 2023 2023-05-16 22 16 279 406 http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/cr-palevol2023v22a16 journal article 305805 10.5852/cr-palevol2023v22a16 96b937a1-56d3-4b29-93b2-5b859c159da7 1777-571X 14260551 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:5BEBCC73-819E-47AE-9610-1E50B1AD6B60
TABLE 1. — Occurrences of Triassic dicynodonts. Note that the list is not comprehensive and likely numerous other mentions exist, particularly in local, nonEnglish literature. The Country column includes all mentions deemed significant (i.e., not merely listing taxa from original literature, but providing mentions, descriptions, and/or images of new specimens,original data or reinterpretations of morphology, confirming the geographical and/or temporal presence of taxa, confirming or providing novel insights into their validity, or at least presenting them in a novel biostratigraphic context). For simplicity, the Formation column includes only the references providing the most recent and most precise subdivisions either verbatim or in a form unambiguously recognizable without extensive research of local geological literature. The historically used Lystrosaurus Cope, 1870a AZ was recently redefined and renamed to Lystrosaurus declivis (Owen, 1859) AZ (Botha & Smith 2020). Because of the presence of Lystrosaurus spp. also in the underlying Lystrosaurus maccaigi (Seeley,1898) - Moschorhinus Broom, 1920 SZ of Daptocephalus Hoepen, 1934 AZ (former Dicynodon AZ), the meaning of the historical Lystrosaurus AZ is somewhat ambiguous and may be dependent on the author (see Table 2). Therefore, the name is used here in parentheses, implying that although in most cases it was probably synonymous with Lystrosaurus declivis AZ, it can potentially include the top of the Daptocephalus AZ. If the occurrence is not explicitly mentioned in the context of a changed naming scheme, the papers allowing referral (e.g., naming both the old formation and the new formation) are provided. The synonymy of Chinese Lystrosaurus spp. follows Camp & Liu (2011). Age includes selected single most recent original study with preference towards radiometric dates, unless those are unavailable, and a sound disagreement exists between several studies. Note that the bottom age (252.24 ± 0.11 Ma) of the Lystrosaurus declivis AZ obtained by Gastaldo et al. (2020) is barely about 0.3 Ma older than the currently recognized Triassic/Permian boundary (251.902 ± 0.024 Ma). See Botha et al. (2020) for the entirely Triassic estimation of the age of that assemblage and Botha & Smith (2020) for discussion. Additional noteworthy contributions, not providing precise specific or geographic information include: Broom 1900b; Toerien 1955; Watson 1960; Cruickshank 1964; Anderson & Cruickshank 1978; Kemp 1982; Hotton 1986; King 1990 b, 1991; King & Cluver 1991; Smith 1995; King & Jenkins 1997; Cox 1998; Surkov 1998b; Neveling et al. 1999; Smith & Ward 2001; Angielczyk & Kurkin 2003; Ray & Chinsamy 2003; Neveling et al. 2005; Whitney & Sidor 2020; Kammerer 2021; Liu et al. 2021; Whitney et al. 2021. Abbreviations: AZ, assemblage zone; SZ, subzone.
TaxonCountryFormationAge
Acratophorus argentinensis (Bonaparte, 1965)Argentina (Bonaparte 1965, 1966 a, 1967, 1970, 1978, 1981; Cruickshank 1970; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; Brink 1986; King 1988; Renaut 2000; Renaut & Hancox 2001; Domnanovich & Marsicano 2012; Mancuso & Irmis 2019; Ordoñez et al. 2019; Kammerer & Ordoñez 2021; Escobar et al. 2023)Río Seco de la Quebrada (Domnanovich & Marsicano 2012; Mancuso & Irmis 2019) Quebrada de los Fósiles (Bonaparte 1981; Domnanovich & Marsicano 2012)Carnian (Ottone et al. 2014)?Ladinian-Carnian (Ottone et al. 2014)
Angonisaurus cruickshanki Cox & Li, 1983Tanzania (Cox & Li 1983; King 1988; Hancox 1998; Surkov & Benton 2004; Kammerer et al. 2017, 2019)Manda (Cox & Li 1983; King 1988; Hancox 1998; Surkov & Benton 2004; Kammerer et al. 2017, 2019)Anisian or younger (Wynd et al. 2018)
Anomodontia indet.Antarctica (Cosgriff et al. 1978)Lower Fremouw (Cosgriff et al. 1978)Olenekian (Elliot et al. 2017)
South Africa (Watson 1960)Cynognathus AZ (Watson 1960)Anisian-Carnian (Hancox et al. 2020)
Tanzania (Haughton 1932; Attridge et al. 1964)Manda (Attridge et al. 1964; Cruickshank 1965)Anisian or younger (Wynd et al. 2018)
“ Azarifeneria barrati ” Dutuit, 1989aMorocco (Dutuit 1989a; Gauffre 1993)Argana t5 (Dutuit 1989b; Gauffre 1993)Carnian/?Norian (Kammerer et al. 2012)
“ Azarifeneria robustus ” Dutuit, 1989bMorocco (Dutuit 1989b; Gauffre 1993)Argana t5 (Dutuit 1989b; Gauffre 1993)Carnian/?Norian (Kammerer et al. 2012)
Counillonia superoculis Olivier, Battail, Bourquin, Rossignol, Steyer & Jalil, 2019Laos (Olivier et al. 2019)Purple Claystone (Olivier et al. 2019)?Late Permian (Liu 2020)/ Early Triassic (Olivier et al. 2019)
Dicynodontia indet.Antarctica (Hammer et al. 2004)Lashly C (Hammer et al. 2004)Carnian (Hammer et al. 2004)
Argentina (Rogers et al. 2001)Chañares (Rogers et al. 2001)Late Ladinian-early Carnian (Ezcurra et al. 2017)
Australia (King 1983, 1988; Thulborn 1983a, b, 1990)Arcadia (King 1983; Thulborn 1983a, b, 1990)Early Triassic (Northwood 1997)
Brazil (von Huene 1935; Holz & Schultz 1998; Da Rosa et al. 2004, 2005; Martinelli et al. 2005, 2017; Pavantino et al. 2020)Santa Maria Dinodontosaurus AZ (Martinelli et al. 2017; Pavantino et al. 2020)Ladinian-Carnian (Philipp et al. 2018)/Carnian (Ordoñez et al. 2020)
Canada (Sues & Olsen 2015)Wolfville (Sues & Olsen 2015)Carnian (Sues & Olsen 2015)
China (Young 1935, 1937, 1939, 1946)Not given (Young 1935, 1939)?Late Permian-Induan (Tong et al. 2018)
Ermaying (Young 1937)Anisian (Liu et al. 2017)
India (Bandyopadhyay 1988; Kutty et al. 1988; Kutty & Sengupta 1989; Bandyopadhyay & Ray 2020)Bhimaram (Kutty et al. 1988; Kutty & Sengupta 1989; Bandyopadhyay & Ray 2020)Late Anisian-Ladinian (Bandyopadhyay & Ray 2020)
Lower Maleri (Bandyopadhyay 1988; Kutty & Sengupta 1989)Carnian (Bandyopadhyay & Ray 2020)
Japan (Jinnouchi et al. 2018)Momonoki (Jinnouchi et al. 2018)Carnian (Jinnouchi et al. 2018)
Mozambique (Araújo et al. 2020)Fubué (Araújo et al. 2020)Early Triassic (Araújo et al. 2020)
Namibia (Smith & Swart 2002; Abdala & Smith 2009; Abdala et al. 2013)Omingonde (Smith & Swart 2002; Abdala & Smith 2009; Abdala et al. 2013)Anisian-Ladinian (Wynd et al. 2018; Zieger et al. 2020)
Russia (Shishkin et al. 1995; Tverdokhlebov et al. 2002)Bukobay (Shishkin et al. 1995)Ladinian (Tverdokhlebov et al. 2020)
Donguz (Shishkin et al. 1995; Tverdokhlebov et al. 2002)Anisian (Ivakhnenko 2008)
South Africa (Nicolas & Rubidge 2010; Bordy et al. 2020)Cynognathus AZ (Nicolas & Rubidge 2010)Anisian-Carnian (Hancox et al. 2020)
Lower Elliott Scalenodontoides AZ (Bordy et al. 2020; Viglietti et al. 2020b)Norian-Rhaetian (Bordy et al. 2020)
“ Lystrosaurus AZ ” (Nicolas & Rubidge 2010)Late Permian-Early Triassic (Gastaldo et al. 2020)
Tanzania (Charig 1956; Nesbitt & Butler 2013; Nesbitt et al. 2013)Manda (Charig 1956; Nesbitt & Butler 2013; Nesbitt et al. 2013)Anisian or younger (Wynd et al. 2018)
United States (Sues et al. 2003; Nesbitt et al. 2006)Upper Moenkopi (Nesbitt et al. 2006)Late Anisian (Haque et al. 2021)
Newark Supergroup, Lithofacies Association II (Sues et al. 2003)Late Carnian/early Norian (Sues et al. 2003)
Zambia (Kemp 1975; Peecook et al. 2018; Whitney et al. 2019)Ntawere (Kemp 1975; Peecook et al. 2018)Anisian or younger (Wynd et al. 2018)
Dicynodontia indet. (“ Austrobrachyops jenseni ” Colbert & Cosgriff, 1974)Antarctica (Colbert & Cosgriff 1974; Warren & Marsicano 2000)Lower Fremouw (Colbert & Cosgriff 1974; Warren & Marsicano 2000)Olenekian (Elliot et al. 2017)
Dicynodontia indet. (“cf. Dinodontosaurus sp.”)Brazil (Raugust et al. 2013; Martinelli et al. 2017; Schultz et al. 2020)?Santa Maria Santacruzodon AZ (Raugust et al. 2013; Martinelli et al. 2017; Schultz et al. 2020)Carnian (Philipp et al. 2018)
Dicynodontia indet. (“ Fukangolepis barbaros ” Yang, 1978)China (Yang 1978; Lucas & Hunt 1993b)Upper Karamay (Yang 1978; Lucas & Hunt 1993b)Ladinian (Tong et al. 2018)
Dicynodontia indet. (“ Dicynodon sp. ”)India (Lydekker 1879)Panchet (Lydekker 1879)Early Triassic (Prasad & Pundir 2020)
Dicynodontia indet. (“ Lystrosaurus sp. ”)Tanzania (Boonstra 1953; Cruickshank 1967)Manda (Cruickshank 1965)Anisian or younger (Wynd et al. 2018)
Dicynodontia indet. (“ Ruhuhuungulasaurus croucheri ” Larkin, 1994 / “ Shansiodon sp. ”)Tanzania (Larkin 1994; Surkov & Benton 2004, 2008; Angielczyk et al. 2014; Kammerer et al. 2017)Manda (Larkin 1994; Surkov & Benton 2004, 2008; Kammerer et al. 2017)Anisian or younger (Wynd et al. 2018)
Dicynodontia indet. (“ Brachybrachium breviceps ” Williston, 1904)United States (Williston 1904; von Huene 1911, 1935; Camp & Welles 1956; King 1988; Huber et al. 1993; Lucas & Hunt 1993a; Long & Murry 1995; Lucas 1998; Lucas & Heckert 2002; Kammerer et al. 2013)Popo Agie (Williston 1904; von Huene 1911; 1935; Camp & Welles 1956; King 1988; Huber et al. 1993; Lucas & Hunt 1993a; Long & Murry 1995; Lucas 1998; Lucas & Heckert 2002; Kammerer et al. 2013)Carnian (Hartman et al. 2015)
?Dicynodontia indet. (“aff. Dinodontosaurus sp.”)Germany (Lucas 2007)Upper Muschelkalk (Lucas 2007)Anisian/Ladinian (German Stratigraphic Commission 2016)
?Dicynodontia indet. (“cf. Placerias sp. ”)France (Broili 1921; Schmidt 1928; von Huene 1935; Camp & Welles 1956; Lucas & Wild 1995; Maisch et al. 2009)Upper Muschelkalk (Broili 1921; Schmidt 1928; von Huene 1935; Camp & Welles 1956; Lucas & Wild 1995; Maisch et al. 2009)Anisian/Ladinian (German Stratigraphic Commission 2016)
Dicynodontoidea indet.Australia (Rozefelds et al. 2011)Upper Parmeer Supergroup (Rozefelds et al. 2011)Late Permian-Early Triassic (Rozefelds et al. 2011)
Dicynodontoidea indet. (“ Putillosaurus sennikovi ” Surkov, 2005)Russia (Shishkin et al. 2000; Angielczyk & Kurkin 2003; Surkov 2005; Ivakhnenko 2008)Donskaya Luka (Surkov 2005; Ivakhnenko 2008)Olenekian (Ivakhnenko 2008)
Dinodontosaurus brevirostris Cox, 1968Argentina (Cox 1968; Bonaparte 1970, 1978, 1997; Keyser 1974; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; Brink 1988; King 1988; Morato et al. 2006; Ordoñez et al. 2019; Escobar et al. 2021, 2023; Kammerer & Ordoñez 2021)Chañares (Cox 1968; Bonaparte 1970, 1978, 1997; Keyser 1974; Brink 1988; King 1988; Ordoñez et al. 2019; Escobar et al. 2021, 2023; Kammerer & Ordoñez 2021)Late Ladinian-early Carnian (Ezcurra et al. 2017)
?Brazil (Cox 1968; Escobar et al. 2023)Santa Maria (Cox 1968)Ladinian-Carnian (Philipp et al. 2018)/early Carnian (Ordoñez et al. 2020)
Dinodontosaurus tener (von Huene, 1935)Brazil (von Huene 1935; Tupi Caldas 1936; Romer 1943; Cox 1965; Bonaparte 1970, 1978; Keyser 1974; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; Brink 1986, 1988; King 1988; Walter 1989; Lucas & Harris 1996; Lucas 2002; Schwanke & Melo 2002; Vega-Dias et al. 2004; Da Rosa et al. 2004; Morato 2006; Morato et al. 2006, 2008; Langer et al. 2007; Kammerer et al. 2011; de Oliveira Bueno et al. 2011; Abdala et al. 2013; Dassie 2014; Martinelli et al. 2017; Da Silveira 2017; Kammerer 2018; Mancuso & Irmis 2019; Ordoñez et al. 2019, 2020; Schultz et al. 2020; Escobar et al. 2021, 2023; Kammerer & Ordoñez 2021; Knaus et al. 2021; Maisch 2021)Santa Maria Dinodontosaurus AZ (Lucas 2002; Langer et al. 2007; de Oliveira Bueno et al. 2011; Abdala et al. 2013; Dassie 2014; Da Silveira 2017; Martinelli et al. 2017; Mancuso & Irmis 2019; Ordoñez et al. 2020; Schultz et al. 2020; Kammerer & Ordoñez 2021; Maisch 2021)Ladinian-Carnian (Philipp et al. 2018)/ early Carnian (Ordoñez et al. 2020)
Dinodontosaurus sp.Brazil (Da Rosa et al. 2005; Martinelli et al. 2005, 2016, 2017; Reichel et al. 2009; Mainardes Dutra 2015; Ugalde et al. 2018; Corecco et al. 2020, 2021; Pavantino et al. 2020)Santa Maria Dinodontosaurus AZ (Martinelli et al. 2016, 2017; Ugalde et al. 2018; Corecco et al. 2020, 2021; Pavantino et al. 2020)Ladinian-Carnian (Philipp et al. 2018)/Carnian (Ordoñez et al. 2020)
Dinodontosaurus sp. (“ Dicynodon turpior ” von Huene, 1935, “ Dicynodon cf. turior ”)Brazil (von Huene 1935, 1944,; Cox 1965; Bonaparte 1978; Brink 1986; King 1988; Lucas 1993a; Lucas & Harris 1996; Langer et al. 2007; Kammerer et al. 2011; Kammerer & Ordoñez 2021)Santa Maria Dinodontosaurus AZ (Cox 1965; King 1988; Lucas 1993a; Lucas & Harris 1996; Langer et al. 2007; Kammerer et al. 2011; Kammerer & Ordoñez 2021)Ladinian-Carnian (Philipp et al. 2018)/Carnian (Ordoñez et al. 2020)
cf. Dinodontosaurus sp.Argentina (Ezcurra et al. 2017)Chañares Tarjadia AZ (Ezcurra et al. 2017)Ladinian/Carnian (Ezcurra et al. 2017)
Dolichuranus primaevus Keyser, 1973Namibia (Keyser 1973; Cooper 1980; Brink 1986; King 1988; Damiani et al. 2007; Govender & Yates 2009)Omingonde (Keyser 1973, 1974; Cooper 1980; Brink 1986; King 1988; Damiani et al. 2007)Anisian-Ladinian (Wynd et al. 2018; Zieger et al. 2020)
cf. Dolichuranus primaevus Keyser, 1973Namibia (Govender & Yates 2009)Omingonde (Govender & Yates 2009)Anisian-Ladinian (Wynd et al. 2018; Zieger et al. 2020)
Dolichuranus sp.Tanzania (Kammerer et al. 2017; Peecook et al. 2018, Smith et al. 2018, Wynd et al. 2018)Manda (Kammerer et al. 2017, Peecook et al. 2018, Wynd et al. 2018)Anisian or younger (Wynd et al. 2018)
Elephantosaurus jachimovitschi Vjuschkov, 1969Russia (Vjuschkov 1969; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; King 1988; Shishkin et al. 1995; Ivakhnenko et al. 1997; Battail & Surkov 2000; Ivakhnenko 2008; Kammerer et al. 2013)Bukobay (Shishkin et al. 1995; Ivakhnenko et al. 1997; Battail & Surkov 2000; Ivakhnenko 2008; Kammerer et al. 2013)Ladinian (Tverdokhlebov et al. 2020)
Eubrachiosaurus browni Williston, 1904United States (Williston 1904; Cross & Howe 1905; von Huene 1911, 1926a, 1935; Pearson 1924a; Camp & Welles 1956; King 1988; Huber et al. 1993; Long & Murry 1995; Lucas 1998; Lucas & Heckert 2002; Kammerer et al. 2013)Popo Agie (Williston 1904; von Huene 1911, 1926a, 1935; Camp & Welles 1956; King 1988; Huber et al. 1993; Long & Murry 1995; Lucas 1998; Lucas & Heckert 2002; Kammerer et al. 2013)Carnian (Hartman et al. 2015)
Ischigualastia jenseni Cox, 1962Argentina (Cox 1962, 1965; Bonaparte 1970, 1978, 1997; Keyser 1974; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; King 1988; Vega-Dias & Schwanke 2004a; Martínez et al. 2012; Kammerer et al. 2017; Kammerer 2018; Ordoñez et al. 2019; Wynd et al. 2020; Maisch 2021; Kammerer & Ordoñez 2021)Ischigualasto B1 (Martínez et al. 2012)Late Carnian (Martínez et al. 2011)
cf. Ischigualastia jenseni Cox, 1962India (Edler 2000)Pipariya (Edler 2000)Carnian (Chatterjee et al. 2017)
cf. Ischigualastia sp.India (Bandyopadhyay 1988; Kutty & Sengupta 1989; Novas et al. 2010; Bandyopadhyay & Ray 2020)Upper Maleri (Bandyopadhyay 1988; Kutty & Sengupta 1989; Novas et al. 2010; Bandyopadhyay & Ray 2020)Norian (Bandyopadhyay & Ray 2020)
Jachaleria candelariensis Araújo & Gonzaga, 1980Brazil (Araújo & Gonzaga 1980; Vega-Dias & Schultz 1999, 2003, 2004, 2007; Schultz & Vega-Dias 2003; VegaDias & Schwanke 2004b, 2005; Vega-Dias et al. 2004; Morato et al. 2005; Langer et al. 2007; Francischini Filho 2014; Kammerer 2018; Corecco et al. 2020, 2021; Schultz et al. 2020; Wynd et al. 2020; Maisch 2021)Caturrita (Lucas 1993a; Schultz & Vega-Dias 2003; Vega-Dias & Schultz 2003, 2007; Vega-Dias & Schwanke 2004b, 2005; Langer et al. 2007; Francischini Filho 2014; Kammerer 2018; Kammerer & Ordoñez 2021; Maisch 2021)Norian (Langer et al. 2018)
cf. Jachaleria canderlariensis Araújo & Gonzaga, 1980Brazil (Martinelli et al. 2020)Caturrita (Martinelli et al. 2020)Norian (Langer et al. 2018)
Jachaleria colorata Bonaparte, 1970Argentina (Bonaparte 1966b, 1970, 1978, 1997; Keyser 1974; King 1988; Vega-Dias & Schwanke 2004b, 2005; Martínez et al. 2012; Francischini Filho 2014; Kammerer 2018; Ordoñez et al. 2019)Ischigualasto B3 (Martínez et al. 2012)Norian (Currie et al. 2009)
Lower Los Colorados (Bonaparte 1966 a, 1970, 1978; Araújo & Gonzaga 1980; Vega- Dias & Schwanke 2005; Martínez et al. 2012; Francischini Filho 2014; Kammerer 2018)Norian (Currie et al. 2009)
Kannemeyeria aganosteus Kammerer & Ordoñez, 2021Argentina (Bonaparte 1981; DeFauw 1993; FrÖbisch 2009; Kammerer & Ordoñez 2021)Quebrada de los Fósiles (Bonaparte 1981; DeFauw 1993)?Ladinian-Carnian (Ottone et al. 2014)
Río Seco de la Quebrada (Kammerer & Ordoñez 2021)Carnian (Ottone et al. 2014)
“ Kannemeyeria ” latirostris Crozier, 1970Zambia (Brink 1963, 1986; Drysdall & Kitching 1963; Kitching 1963; Crozier 1970; Cruickshank 1970; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; King 1988; Angielczyk et al. 2014; Peecook et al. 2018)Ntawere (Brink 1963, 1986; Drysdall & Kitching 1963; Kitching 1963; Crozier 1970; Cruickshank 1970; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; King 1988; Angielczyk et al. 2014; Peecook et al. 2018)Anisian or younger (Wynd et al. 2018)
Kannemeyeria lophorhinus Renaut, Damiani, Yates & Hancox, 2003Namibia (Keyser 1973; Brink 1986; King 1988; Bandyopadhyay 1989; Pickford 1995; Renaut 2000; Renaut et al. 2003; Govender & Yates 2009)Omingonde (Keyser 1973; Brink 1986; King 1988; Bandyopadhyay 1989; Pickford 1995; Renaut 2000; Renaut et al. 2003; Govender & Yates 2009)Anisian-Ladinian (Wynd et al. 2018; Zieger et al. 2020)
?Tanzania (Cox 1991; Renaut 2000)Manda (Cox 1991)Anisian or younger (Wynd et al. 2018)
Zambia (Brink 1963, 1986; Drysdall & Kitching 1963; Crozier 1970; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; King 1988; Bandyopadhyay 1989; Renaut 2000; Renaut et al. 2003; Angielczyk et al. 2014; Peecook et al. 2018)Ntawere (Brink 1963, 1986; Drysdall & Kitching 1963; Kitching 1963; Crozier 1970; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; King 1988; Bandyopadhyay 1989; Renaut 2000; Renaut et al. 2003; Angielczyk et al. 2014; Peecook et al. 2018)Anisian or younger (Wynd et al. 2018)
cf. Kannemeyeria lophorhinusNamibia (Govender & Yates 2009)Omingonde (Govender & Yates 2009)Anisian-Ladinian (Wynd et al. 2018; Zieger et al. 2020)
Kannemeyeria simocephalus (Weithofer, 1888)South Africa (Weithofer 1888; Broom 1899, 1909, 1913a, 1915, 1923, 1932, 1937; Seeley 1904, 1908; Jaekel 1911; Watson 1912a, 1917, 1948; Haughton 1915, 1917, 1924, 1963; Pearson 1924a, b; von Huene 1925; Case 1934; Courtenay-Latimer 1948; Toerien 1951, 1953, 1955; Haughton & Brink 1954; Camp 1956; Cruickshank 1970, 1975; Anonymous 1972; Keyser 1974; Kitching 1977; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; Brink 1986; King 1988; Hancox 1998; MacRae 1999; Renaut 2000; Nesbitt & Angielczyk 2002; Damiani & Kitching 2003; Neveling 2004; Surkov & Benton 2004; Govender 2005; Ray 2006; Nicolas 2007; Jinnah & Rubidge 2007; Damiani 2008; FrÖbisch & Reisz 2008; Govender et al. 2008; Botha-Brink & Angielczyk 2010; Nicolas & Rubidge 2010; Kammerer et al. 2011, 2017; Smith et al. 2012, 2020b; Butler et al. 2016; Kammerer 2018; Hancox et al. 2020; Olroyd 2022; Olroyd & Sidor 2022; Viglietti et al. 2022)Cynognathus AZ Trirachodon-Kannemeyeria SZ (Hancox et al. 2020; Smith et al. 2020b; Viglietti et al. 2022)Early Anisian (Hancox et al. 2020)
Tanzania (Haughton 1932; Stockley 1932; Boonstra 1953; Attridge et al. 1964; Cruickshank 1965; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; Kammerer et al. 2017)Manda (Stockley 1932; Attridge et al. 1964; Cruickshank 1965; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; Kammerer et al. 2017)Anisian or younger (Wynd et al. 2018)
Kannemeyeriidae indet.Argentina (Romer 1966; Cox 1968; Ezcurra et al. 2015)Tarjados Formation (Cox 1968; Ezcurra et al. 2015)Ladinian (Ezcurra et al. 2017)
China (Sun 1963, 1973; Young 1964; Liu 1973, 2015; Cheng 1980)Upper Ermaying (Sun 1963; Cheng 1980; Liu 2015)Anisian (Liu et al. 2017)
Lower Karamay (Liu 1973; Sun 1973; Liu & Li 2003)Anisian (Tong et al. 2018)
Tongchuan I (Liu 2015)Anisian (Tong et al. 2018)
India (Bandyopadhyay 1988; Mukherjee & Sengupta 1998; Bandyopadhyay & Sengupta 1999; Bandyopadhyay & Ray 2020)Denwa (Bandyopadhyay 1988; Mukherjee & Sengupta 1998; Bandyopadhyay & Sengupta 1999; Bandyopadhyay & Ray 2020)Anisian or younger (Peecook et al. 2018)
Madagascar (Flynn et al. 1999)Isalo II (Flynn et al. 1999)Carnian (Flynn et al. 1999)
Russia (Ivakhnenko et al. 1997)Bukobay (Ivakhnenko et al. 1997)Ladinian (Tverdokhlebov et al. 2020)
South Africa (Warren 1998)Cynognathus AZ (Warren 1998)Anisian-Carnian (Hancox et al. 2020)
United States (Small et al. 2022)Tecovas (Small et al. 2022)Norian (Small et al. 2022)
Kannemeyeriiformes indet.Antarctica (Hammer et al. 1987; Hammer 1990, 1995; Sidor et al. 2014; Smith et al. 2020a)Upper Fremouw (Hammer et al. 1987; Hammer 1990, 1995; Sidor et al. 2014; Smith et al. 2020a)Late Anisian-Ladinian (Elliot et al. 2017)
Argentina (Zavattieri & Arcucci 2007; Kammerer & Ordoñez 2021)Cerro de las Cabras (Zavattieri & Arcucci 2007; Kammerer & Ordoñez 2021)Late Anisian-early Ladinian (Cariglino et al. 2016)
Kazakhstan (Tverdokhlebov et al. 2020)Inder (Tverdokhlebov et al. 2020)Ladinian (Tverdokhlebov et al. 2020)
Russia (Tverdokhlebov et al. 2020)Bukobay (Tverdokhlebov et al. 2020)Ladinian (Tverdokhlebov et al. 2020)
South Africa (Hancox et al. 2013)Cynognathus AZ Cricodon-Ufudocyclops SZ (Hancox et al. 2013, 2020)Late Anisian-Carnian (Hancox et al. 2020)
United States (Nesbitt & Angielczyk 2002; Lehman & Chatterjee 2005; Mueller & Chatterjee 2007; Martz 2008; Martz et al. 2013; Small et al. 2022)Cooper Canyon (Lehman & Chatterjee 2005; Martz 2008; Martz et al. 2013) Upper Moenkopi (Nesbitt & Angielczyk 2002) Tecovas (Small et al. 2022)Norian (Martz et al. 2013)
Late Anisian (Haque et al. 2021)
Norian (Small et al. 2022)
Zambia (Angielczyk et al. 2014)Ntawere (Angielczyk et al. 2014)Anisian or younger (Wynd et al. 2018)
Kannemeyeriiformes indet. (“ Calleonasus furvus ” Kalandadze & Sennikov, 1985)Russia (Kalandadze & Sennikov 1985; Shishkin et al. 1995; Ivakhnenko et al. 1997; Surkov 1999 a, 2003; Battail & Surkov 2000; Ivakhnenko 2008; Kammerer et al. 2013)Lower Donguz (Surkov 2003)Anisian (Ivakhnenko 2008)
Kannemeyeriiformes indet. (“ Cristonasus koltaeviensis ” Surkov, 1999a)Russia (Surkov 1999 a, 2003; Ivakhnenko 2008; Kammerer et al. 2013)Lower Donguz (Surkov 2003)Anisian (Ivakhnenko 2008)
Kannemeyeriiformes indet. (“ Edaxosaurus edentatus ” Kalandadze & Sennikov, 1985)Russia (Kalandadze & Sennikov 1985; Shishkin et al. 1995; Ivakhnenko et al. 1997; Battail & Surkov 2000; Surkov 2003; Ivakhnenko 2008; Kammerer et al. 2013)Lower Donguz (Surkov 2003)Anisian (Ivakhnenko 2008)
Kannemeyeriiformes indet. (“ Elatosaurus facetus ” Kalandadze & Sennikov, 1985)Russia (Kalandadze & Sennikov 1985; Shishkin et al. 1995; Ivakhnenko et al. 1997; Surkov 1999 a, 2003; Battail & Surkov 2000; Ivakhnenko 2008; Kammerer et al. 2013)Bukobay (Kalandadze & Sennikov 1985; Shishkin et al. 1995; Ivakhnenko et al. 1997; Battail & Surkov 2000; Ivakhnenko 2008)Ladinian (Tverdokhlebov et al. 2020)
Kannemeyeriiformes indet. (“ Nasoplanites danilovi ” Surkov, 1999a)Russia (Surkov 1999 a, 2003; Ivakhnenko 2008; Kammerer et al. 2013)Lower Donguz (Surkov 2003)Anisian (Ivakhnenko 2008)
Kannemeyeriiformes indet. (“ Parvobestiola bashkiriensis ” Surkov, 1999a)Russia (Surkov 1999 a, 2003; Ivakhnenko 2008; Kammerer et al. 2013)Lower Donguz (Surkov 2003)Anisian (Ivakhnenko 2008)
Kannemeyeriiformes indet. (“ Planitorostris pechoriensis ” Surkov, 1999b)Russia (Surkov 1999b; Ivakhnenko 2008; Kammerer et al. 2013)Bukobay (Surkov 1999b; Shishkin et al. 2000)Ladinian (Tverdokhlebov et al. 2020)
Kombuisia antarctica FrÖbisch, Angielczyk & Sidor, 2010Antarctica (DeFauw 1989; FrÖbisch et al. 2010)Lower Fremouw (DeFauw 1989; FrÖbisch et al. 2010)Olenekian (Elliot et al. 2017)
Kombuisia frerensis Hotton, 1974South Africa (Hotton 1974; Keyser 1974; Kitching 1977; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; Brink 1986; King 1988; FrÖbisch 2007; Nicolas & Rubidge 2010; Smith et al. 2020b, 2012; Hancox et al. 2020; Viglietti et al. 2022)Cynognathus AZ Trirachodon-Kannemeyeria SZ (Hancox et al. 2020; Smith et al. 2020b; Viglietti et al. 2022)Early Anisian (Hancox et al. 2020)
Lisowicia bojani Sulej & Niedźwiedzki, 2018Poland (Dzik et al. 2008a, b; Vogel 2008; Sulej & Niedźwiedzki 2009, 2019; Niedźwiedzki et al. 2011; Racki & Lucas 2020; Romano & Manucci 2021)Grabowa (Szulc et al. 2015b; Racki & Lucas 2020)Norian/Rhaetian (Kowal-Linka et al. 2019)
cf. Lisowicia bojani Sulej & Niedźwiedzki, 2018Poland (Budziszewska-Karwowska et al. 2010; Sadlok & Wawrzyniak 2013; Sulej et al. 2019; Racki & Lucas 2020)Grabowa (Szulc et al. 2015b; Racki & Lucas 2020)Norian (Szulc et al. 2015b)
Lystrosaurus curvatus (Owen, 1876)Antarctica (Colbert 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975; Cosgriff & Hammer 1981; Kulik & Sidor 2023)Lower Fremouw (Colbert 1974; Cosgriff & Hammer 1981; Kulik & Sidor 2023)Olenekian (Elliot et al. 2017)
South Africa (Owen 1876; Seeley 1898; Broom 1903, 1907, 1909, 1932, 1940; Van Hoepen 1915, 1916; Haughton 1924; von Huene 1925; Brink 1951, 1986; Haughton & Brink 1954; Barry 1968; Kitching 1968, 1977; Cluver 1971; Colbert 1974, 1975; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; Cosgriff et al. 1982; DeFauw 1986; King 1988; Surkov & Benton 2004; Ray 2005; Smith & Botha 2005; Grine et al. 2006; Botha & Smith 2006, 2007, 2020; Jasinoski et al. 2009, 2010, 2014; Camp 2010; Kammerer et al. 2011; Jasinoski & Chinsamy-Turan 2012; Smith et al. 2012, 2020b; Smith & Botha-Brink 2014; Botha-Brink et al. 2014, 2016; Rubidge et al. 2016; Viglietti et al. 2016; Botha-Brink 2017; Benoit et al. 2018; Botha 2020; Gastaldo et al. 2020; Modesto 2020; Viglietti 2020; Botha et al. 2020; Liu et al. 2022; Olroyd 2022; Olroyd & Sidor 2022; Viglietti et al. 2022; Kulik & Sidor 2023)Daptocephalus AZ, Lystrosaurus maccaigi-Moschorhinus SZ (Smith et al. 2020b; Viglietti 2020; Liu et al. 2022; Viglietti et al. 2022)Late Permian (Gastaldo et al. 2020)
Lystrosaurus declivis AZ (Botha & Smith 2020; Modesto 2020; Smith et al. 2020b; Viglietti 2020; Olroyd 2022; Olroyd & Sidor 2022)Latest Permian-Early Triassic (Gastaldo et al. 2020)
Lystrosaurus cf. curvatus (Owen, 1876)India (Gupta & Das 2011; Bandyopadhyay & Ray 2020; Kulik & Sidor 2023)Panchet (Gupta & Das 2011; Bandyopadhyay & Ray 2020; Kulik & Sidor 2023)Early Triassic (Prasad & Pundir 2020)
South Africa (Kitching 1977; DeFauw 1986)“ Lystrosaurus AZ ” (Kitching 1977; DeFauw 1986)Late Permian-Early Triassic (Gastaldo et al. 2020)
Lystrosaurus declivis (Owen, 1859)South Africa (Owen 1859, 1860, 1862, 1876; Broom 1903, 1909, 1915, 1932; Watson 1912b; Van Hoepen 1916; Haughton 1924; von Huene 1925, 1931; Brink 1951, 1986; Haughton & Brink 1954; Toerien 1954; Barry 1968; Kitching 1968, 1977; Cluver 1971; Colbert 1974; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; Cosgriff et al. 1982; DeFauw 1986; King 1988; Thackeray et al. 1998; Angielczyk 2002; Retallack et al. 2003; Neveling 2004; Smith & Botha 2005; Grine et al. 2006; Botha & Smith 2006, 2007, 2020; Jasinoski et al. 2009, 2014; Camp 2010; Modesto et al. 2010; Botha-Brink & Angielczyk 2010; Kammerer et al. 2011; Viglietti et al. 2013; Botha-Brink et al. 2016; Smith & Botha-Brink 2014; Botha-Brink et al. 2014; Rubidge et al. 2016; Benoit et al. 2018; Thackeray 2018, 2019; Gastaldo et al. 2019, 2020; Botha 2020; Modesto 2020; Smith et al. 2020b; Viglietti 2020; Botha et al. 2020; Olroyd 2022; Olroyd & Sidor 2022; Smith et al. 2022; Viglietti et al. 2022; Kulik & Sidor 2023)Lystrosaurus declivis AZ (Botha 2020; Botha & Smith 2020; Modesto 2020; Smith et al. 2020b; Viglietti 2020; Olroyd 2022; Olroyd & Sidor 2022; Smith et al. 2022; Viglietti et al. 2022)Latest Permian-Early Triassic (Gastaldo et al. 2020)
Lystrosaurus cf. declivis (Owen, 1859)India (Gupta & Das 2011; Bandyopadhyay & Ray 2020; Kulik & Sidor 2023)Panchet (Gupta & Das 2011; Bandyopadhyay & Ray 2020; Kulik & Sidor 2023)Early Triassic (Prasad & Pundir 2020)
South Africa (Broom 1915; von Huene 1931)“ Lystrosaurus AZ ” (Broom 1915)Late Permian-Early Triassic (Gastaldo et al. 2020)
Lystrosaurus georgi Kalandadze, 1975Russia (Kalandadze 1974, 1975; Colbert 1982; Lozovskii 1983; King 1988; Ochev 1992; Ivakhnenko et al. 1997; Battail & Surkov 2000; Surkov et al. 2005; Ivakhnenko 2008)Vokhmian (Ivakhnenko et al. 1997; Battail & Surkov 2000; Surkov et al. 2005; Ivakhnenko 2008)Induan (Ivakhnenko 2008)
Lystrosaurus hedini Young, 1935China (Yuan & Young 1934b; Young 1935, 1939, 1946; Brink 1951, 1986, 1988; Liu 1973; Sun 1973; Colbert 1974, 1982; Yuhe 1983; Cheng 1986; King 1988; Li 1988; Lucas 2001; Liu et al. 2002; Li & Sun 2008; Camp 2010; Camp & Liu 2011; Li 2015; Modesto 2020; Kulik & Sidor 2023)Jiucaiyuan (Yuhe 1983; Li 1988; Lucas 2001; Liu et al. 2002; Li & Sun 2008) Upper Guodikeng (Liu et al. 2002; Li & Sun 2008)Induan (Tong et al. 2018) Induan (Tong et al. 2018)
Mongolia (Gubin & Sinitza 1993; Kulik & Sidor 2023)Upper Noyan Somon (Gubin & Sinitza 1993)Early Triassic (Gubin & Sinitza 1993)
Lystrosaurus cf. hedini Young, 1935China (Young 1939; Marilao et al. 2020)Jiucaiyuan (Marilao et al. 2020)Induan (Tong et al. 2018)
Not given (Young 1939)?Induan (Tong et al. 2018)
Lystrosaurus maccaigi (Seeley, 1898)Antarctica (Cosgriff & Hammer 1979; Cosgriff et al. 1982; Kulik & Sidor 2023)Lower Fremouw (Cosgriff & Hammer 1979; Cosgriff et al. 1982; Kulik & Sidor 2023)Olenekian (Elliot et al. 2017)
South Africa (Seeley 1898; Broom 1909, 1932, 1903; Van Hoepen 1915; Haughton 1924; von Huene 1925; Brink 1951; Toerien 1953; Haughton & Brink 1954; Kitching 1968, 1977; Cluver 1971; Colbert 1974; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; Cosgriff et al. 1982; King 1988; Ray 2005; Smith & Botha 2005; Botha & Smith 2006; Grine et al. 2006; Botha & Smith 2007, 2020; Jasinoski et al. 2010, 2014; Botha-Brink & Angielczyk 2010; Jasinoski & Chinsamy-Turan 2012; Smith & Botha-Brink 2014; Botha-Brink et al. 2014, 2016; Rubidge et al. 2016; Viglietti et al. 2016; Gastaldo et al. 2019, 2020; Botha 2020; Modesto 2020; Smith et al. 2020b; Viglietti 2020; Botha et al. 2020; Liu et al. 2022; Olroyd 2022; Olroyd & Sidor 2022; Viglietti et al. 2022; Kulik & Sidor 2023)Daptocephalus AZ, Lystrosaurus maccaigi- Moschorhinus SZ (Smith et al. 2020b; Viglietti 2020; Liu et al. 2022; Viglietti et al. 2022)Late Permian (Gastaldo et al. 2020)
Lystrosaurus declivis AZ (Botha 2020; Botha & Smith 2020; Modesto 2020; Smith et al. 2020b; Viglietti 2020; Olroyd 2022; Olroyd & Sidor 2022)Latest Permian-Early Triassic (Gastaldo et al. 2020)
Lystrosaurus murrayi (Huxley, 1859)Antarctica (Colbert 1970a, 1971a, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975; Cosgriff et al. 1978; Retallack & Hammer 1998; Kulik & Sidor 2023)Lower Fremouw (Colbert 1974; Cosgriff et al. 1978; Retallack & Hammer 1998)Olenekian (Elliot et al. 2017)
India (Huxley 1865; Lydekker 1877, 1879, 1889; Cotter 1918; Das Gupta 1922; von Huene 1935; Brink 1951, 1988; Robinson 1958; Tripathi & Puri 1961; Sahani & Tripathi 1962; Tripathi & Satsangi 1963; Colbert 1971 a, 1973, 1974; Cosgriff et al. 1982; King 1988; Ray 2005, 2006; Ray et al. 2005, 2009a, b; Kammerer et al. 2011; Bandyopadhyay & Ray 2020; Kulik & Sidor 2023)Panchet (Huxley 1865; Lydekker 1877, Early Triassic (Prasad & 1879, 1889; Cotter 1918; Das Gupta 1922; Pundir 2020) von Huene 1935; Robinson 1958; Tripathi & Puri 1961; Sahani & Tripathi 1962; Tripathi & Satsangi 1963; Colbert 1971 a, 1974; Cosgriff et al. 1982; Brink 1988; King 1988; Ray 2005, 2006; Ray et al. 2005, 2009a, b; Kammerer et al. 2011; Bandyopadhyay & Ray 2020)
South Africa (Huxley 1859; Owen 1860b; Cope 1870a; Seeley 1889; Broom 1902, 1909, 1932, 1941; Van Hoepen 1916; Haughton 1917, 1924; von Huene 1925; Arambourg 1943; Brink 1951, 1986; Janensch 1952; Haughton & Brink 1954; Camp 1956, 2010; Cruickshank 1967; Barry 1968; Kitching 1968, 1977; Cluver 1971; Colbert 1971 a, 1974; Aulie 1974; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; Cosgriff et al. 1982; DeFauw 1986; King 1988; Chinsamy & Rubidge 1993; Thackeray et al. 1998; Ray 2005, 2006; Ray et al. 2005, 2009a; Smith & Botha 2005; Grine et al. 2006; Botha & Smith 2006, 2007, 2020; Jasinoski et al. 2010, 2014; Modesto et al. 2010; Botha-Brink & Angielczyk 2010; Kammerer et al. 2011; Jasinoski & Chinsamy-Turan 2012; Botha-Brink et al. 2016; Smith & Botha-Brink 2014; Botha-Brink et al. 2014; Rubidge et al. 2016; Gastaldo et al. 2017, 2019; Thackeray 2018, 2019; Botha 2020; Modesto 2020; Smith et al. 2020b; Botha et al. 2020; Olroyd 2022; Olroyd & Sidor 2022; Smith et al. 2022; Viglietti et al. 2022; Kulik & Sidor 2023)Lystrosaurus declivis AZ (Botha 2020; Botha & Smith 2020; Modesto 2020; Smith et al. 2020b; Olroyd 2022; Olroyd & Sidor 2022; Smith et al. 2022; Viglietti et al. 2022)Latest Permian-Early Triassic (Gastaldo et al. 2020)
Lystrosaurus cf. murrayi (Huxley, 1859)South Africa (Broom 1900a, 1915)?“ Lystrosaurus AZ ” (Broom 1915)Late Permian-Early Triassic (Gastaldo et al. 2020)
Lystrosaurus youngi Sun, 1964China (Sun 1964, 1973; Liu 1973; Colbert 1974, 1982; Yuhe 1983; Li 1988; Lucas 2001; Li & Sun 2008; Camp 2010; Camp & Liu 2011; Li 2015; Kulik & Sidor 2023)Jiucaiyuan (Yuhe 1983; Li 1988; Lucas 2001; Liu et al. 2002; Li & Sun 2008)Induan (Tong et al. 2018)
Lystrosaurus cf. youngi Sun, 1964China (Liu et al. 2002; Li 2015)Upper Guodikeng (Liu et al. 2002)Induan (Tong et al. 2018)
Lystrosaurus sp. (“ Dicynodon strigops ” Broom, 1913b)South Africa (Broom 1913b, 1915; Haughton 1917, 1924; von Huene 1925; Brink 1951; Haughton & Brink 1954; Cluver 1971; Colbert 1974; Kammerer et al. 2011)“ Lystrosaurus AZ ” (Haughton 1917; von Huene 1925; Cluver 1971; Colbert 1974; Kammerer et al. 2011)Late Permian-Early Triassic (Gastaldo et al. 2020)
Lystrosaurus sp. (“ Lystrosaurus weidenreichi ” Young, 1939)China (Young 1939, 1946; Brink 1951; Cluver 1971; Colbert 1974, 1982; King 1988; Li 1988; Lucas 2001; Liu et al. 2002; Li & Sun 2008; Camp & Liu 2011)Jiucaiyuan (Li 1988; Lucas 2001; Li & Sun 2008)Induan (Tong et al. 2018)
Lystrosaurus sp.Antarctica (Colbert 1970a, b, 1971b, 1974; Elliot et al. 1970)Lower Fremouw (Elliot et al. 1970; Colbert 1974)Olenekian (Elliot et al. 2017)
Australia (Northwood 1997)Arcadia (Northwood 1997)Early Triassic (Northwood 1997)
China (Young 1939, 1946; Liu et al. 2002; Maisch & Matzke 2014; Li 2015; Han et al. 2021; Kulik et al. 2021)Upper Guodikeng (Liu et al. 2002; Li 2015)Induan (Tong et al. 2018)
Jiucaiyuan (Maisch & Matzke 2014; Han et al. 2021; Kulik et al. 2021)Induan (Tong et al. 2018)
Not given (Young 1939)?Induan (Tong et al. 2018)
India (Bandyopadhyay & Ray 2020)Kamthi (Bandyopadhyay & Ray 2020)Early Triassic (Prasad & Pundir 2020)
South Africa (Broom 1903, 1908a, b; Watson 1913; Brink 1951; Janensch 1952; Haughton 1963; Crompton & Hotton 1967; Cruickshank 1968; Cluver 1971; DeFauw 1986; Groenewald 1991; Cox 1998; MacRae 1999; Damiani & Welman 2001; Damiani et al. 2003; Neveling 2004; Surkov & Benton 2004; Grine et al. 2006; Jasinoski et al. 2010, 2014; Modesto & Botha-Brink 2010; Jasinoski & Chinsamy-Turan 2012; Angielczyk & Rubidge 2013; Botha-Brink et al. 2014; Gastaldo et al. 2017, 2019; Olivier et al. 2017; Krummeck & Bordy 2018; Whitney et al. 2019; Botha et al. 2020; Knaus et al. 2021; Olroyd 2022; Olroyd & Sidor 2022)“ Lystrosaurus AZ ” (Cluver 1971; DeFauw 1986; Groenewald 1991; MacRae 1999; Damiani & Welman 2001; Damiani et al. 2003; Neveling 2004; Surkov & Benton 2004; Grine et al. 2006; Modesto & Botha-Brink 2010; Botha-Brink et al. 2014; Olivier et al. 2017; Gastaldo et al. 2017; Krummeck & Bordy 2018; Whitney et al. 2019; Botha et al. 2020; Knaus et al. 2021)Late Permian-Early Triassic (Gastaldo et al. 2020)
Lystrosaurus declivis AZ (Olroyd 2022; Olroyd & Sidor 2022)Latest Permian-Early Triassic (Gastaldo et al. 2020)
? Lystrosaurus sp. (“ Dicynodon seeleyi ” Broili, 1908)South Africa (Broili 1908; Kammerer et al. 2011)“? Lystrosaurus AZ ” (Kammerer et al. 2011)Late Permian-Early Triassic (Gastaldo et al. 2020)
? Lystrosaurus sp.China (Yin & Peng 2000) Russia (Ochev 1992; Shishkin et al. 2000)Shaofanggou (Yin & Peng 2000) Vokhmian (Ochev 1992; Shishkin et al. 2000)Olenekian (Tong et al. 2018) Induan (Ivakhnenko 2008)
cf. Lystrosaurus sp.Mozambique (Araújo et al. 2020)Fubué (Araújo et al. 2020)Early Triassic (Araújo et al. 2020)
Moghreberia nmachouensis Dutuit, 1980Morocco (Dutuit 1980, 1988; Bandyopadhyay 1988; King 1988; Gauffre 1993; Olivier et al. 2017; Kammerer 2018)Argana t5 (Dutuit 1988, 1989b; Gauffre 1993)Carnian/?Norian (Kammerer et al. 2012)
Myosaurus gracilis Haughton, 1917Antarctica (Cosgriff & Hammer 1979; Hammer & Cosgriff 1981; DeFauw 1989)Lower Fremouw (Cosgriff & Hammer 1979; Hammer & Cosgriff 1981; DeFauw 1989)Olenekian (Elliot et al. 2017)
South Africa (Haughton 1917, 1924; von Huene 1925; Broom 1932; Haughton & Brink 1954; Kitching 1968, 1977; Keyser 1974; Cluver 1974; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; Hammer & Cosgriff 1981; Brink 1986; King 1988; Botha & Smith 2006; Surkov 2006; Botha & Smith 2020; Nicolas & Rubidge 2010; Smith et al. 2012, 2020b; Benoit et al. 2018; Viglietti et al. 2022)Lystrosaurus declivis AZ (Botha & Smith 2020; Smith et al. 2020b; Viglietti et al. 2022)Latest Permian-Early Triassic (Gastaldo et al. 2020)
Parakannemeyeria chengi Liu, 2004China (Liu 2004; Li & Sun 2008; Li 2015)Lower Karamay (Liu 2004; Li 2015)Anisian (Tong et al. 2018)
Parakannemeyeria dolichocephala Sun, 1960China (Sun 1960, 1963; Young 1964; Keyser & Cruickshank Upper Ermaying (Sun 1963; Brink 1986; King 1979; Brink 1986; King 1988; Li & Sun 2008; Li 2015) 1988; Li & Sun 2008; Li 2015)Late Anisian (Liu et al. 2017)
Parakannemeyeria ningwuensis Sun, 1963China (Sun 1963; Young 1964; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; Cheng 1980; Brink 1988; King 1988; Li & Sun 2008; Li 2015; Liu 2022)Ermaying (Sun 1963; Cheng 1980; Brink 1988; King 1988; Li & Sun 2008; Li 2015; Liu 2022)Anisian (Liu et al. 2017)
Parakannemeyeria shenmuensis Cheng, 1980China (Cheng 1980; King 1988; Li & Sun 2008; Li 2015)Upper Ermaying (Cheng 1980; King 1988; Li & Sun 2008)Late Anisian (Liu et al. 2017)
Parakannemeyeria youngi Sun, 1963China (Sun 1963; Young 1963, 1964; Keyser & Cruickshank Upper Ermaying (Sun 1963; Brink 1988; King 1979; Yuhe 1983; Brink 1988; King 1988; Li & Sun 2008; 1988; Li & Sun 2008; Li 2015) Li 2015)Late Anisian (Liu et al. 2017)
Parakannemeyeria cf. youngi Sun, 1963China (Sun 1963; Young 1964)Upper Ermaying (Sun 1963)Late Anisian (Liu et al. 2017)
Parakannemeyeria sp.China (Sun 1963; Young 1964; Cheng 1980; Liu 2015; Liu 2022)Upper Ermaying (Sun 1963; Cheng 1980)Late Anisian (Liu et al. 2017)
Lower Ermaying (Liu 2022)Early Anisian (Liu et al. 2017)
Tongchuan I (Liu 2015)Late Anisian (Tong et al. 2018)
Pentasaurus goggai Kammerer, 2018South Africa (Kammerer 2018; Viglietti et al. 2020b)Lower Elliott Scalenodontoides AZ (Viglietti et al. 2020b)Norian-Rhaetian (Bordy et al. 2020)
Placerias hesternus Lucas, 1904United States (Lucas 1904; Cross & Howe 1905; Cross 1908; Darton 1910; von Huene 1911, 1926a, 1935, 1936; Broom 1914; Case 1915; Gregory 1917; Pearson 1924a; Camp 1956; Camp & Welles 1956; Cox 1965; Baird & Patterson 1968; Keyser 1974; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; Rowe 1979; Walter 1985; Brink 1986, 1988; King 1988; Olsen et al. 1989; Huber et al. 1993; Long & Murry 1995; Lucas 1998; Olsen & Huber 1998; Fiorillo et al. 2000; Heckert & Lucas 2003; Green et al. 2010; Parker & Martz 2011; Kammerer et al. 2013; Kammerer 2018; Olroyd 2022; Olroyd & Sidor 2022)Bluewater Creek (Lucas 1998; Lucas & Heckert 2002; Heckert & Lucas 2003)Norian (Ramezani et al. 2014)
Cooper Canyon (Lehman & Chatterjee 2005)Norian (Martz et al. 2013)
Pekin (Baird & Patterson 1968; Olsen et al. 1989; Huber et al. 1993; Lucas & Hunt 1993a; Lucas 1998; Olsen & Huber 1998)Carnian (Heckert et al. 2017)
Petrified Forest (Murry & Long 1989; Long & Murry 1995; Lucas 1998; Fiorillo et al. 2000; Lucas & Heckert 2002; Green et al. 2010)Norian (Ramezani et al. 2014)
Placerias sp.United States (Murry & Long 1989; Heckert 1997; Heckert & Lucas 2003)Bluewater Creek (Heckert 1997; Heckert & Lucas 2003)Norian (Ramezani et al. 2014)
Petrified Forest (Murry & Long 1989)Norian (Ramezani et al. 2014)
? Placerias sp.United States (Long & Murry 1995; Parker & Martz 2011)Petrified Forest (Long & Murry 1995; Parker & Martz 2011)Norian (Ramezani et al. 2014)
Rabidosaurus cristatus Kalanadze, 1970Russia (Kalandadze 1970; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; King 1988; Shishkin et al. 1995; Ivakhnenko et al. 1997; Battail & Surkov 2000; Ivakhnenko 2008)Lower Donguz (Surkov 2003)Anisian (Ivakhnenko 2008)
Rechnisaurus cristarhynchus Chowdhury, 1970India (Jain et al. 1964; Chowdhury 1970; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; Brink 1986; King 1988; Bandyopadhyay 1989; Bandyopadhyay & Ray 2020)Yerrapalli (Jain et al. 1964; Chowdhury 1970; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; Brink 1986; King 1988; Bandyopadhyay 1989; Bandyopadhyay & Ray 2020)Anisian or younger (Ottone et al. 2014)
Tanzania (Cox 1991; Renaut 2000; Surkov & Benton 2004; Kammerer et al. 2017)Manda (Cox 1991; Surkov & Benton 2004; Kammerer et al. 2017)Anisian or younger (Wynd et al. 2018)
Repelinosaurus robustus Olivier, Battail, Bourquin, Rossignol, Steyer & Jalil, 2019Laos (Olivier et al. 2019)Purple Claystone (Olivier et al. 2019)?Late Permian (Liu 2020)/ Early Triassic
(Olivier et al. 2019)
Rhadiodromus klimovi (Efremov, 1938)Russia (Efremov 1938, 1940, 1951; Vjuschkov 1969; Kalan-dadze 1970; King 1988; Shishkin et al. 1995; Ivakhnenko et al. 1997; Battail & Surkov 2000; Ivakhnenko 2008)Lower Donguz (Surkov 2003)Anisian (Ivakhnenko 2008)
Rhadiodromus mariae Surkov, 2003Russia (Surkov 2003; Surkov & Benton 2004; Ivakhnenko 2008)Upper Donguz (Surkov 2003)Anisian (Ivakhnenko 2008)
Rhinodicynodon gracile Kalanadze, 1970Russia (Kalandadze 1970; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; King 1988; Shishkin et al. 1995; Ivakhnenko et al. 1997; Surkov 1998a, b; Battail & Surkov 2000; Ivakhnenko 2008; Hancox et al. 2013)Upper Donguz (Surkov 2003)Anisian (Ivakhnenko 2008)
Sangusaurus edentatus Cox, 1969Zambia (Cox 1969; King 1988; Angielczyk et al. 2014, 2017; Peecook et al. 2018)Ntawere (Cox 1969; King 1988; Angielczyk et al. 2014, 2017; Peecook et al. 2018)Anisian or younger (Wynd et al. 2018)
Sangusaurus parringtonii Cruickshank, 1986aTanzania (Cruickshank 1986a, b; Surkov & Benton 2004; Angielczyk et al. 2017; Kammerer et al. 2017)Manda (Cruickshank 1986a, b; Surkov & Benton 2004; Angielczyk et al. 2017; Kammerer et al. 2017)Anisian or younger (Wynd et al. 2018)
Sangusaurus sp. (“ Ischigualastia sp.”/” Stahleckeria potens ”)Brazil (Schwanke-Peruzzo 1990; Schwanke-Peruzzo & Araújo-Barbarena 1995; Lucas 2002; Langer et al. 2007; Dassie 2014; Kammerer & Ordoñez 2021)Santa Maria (Schwanke-Peruzzo 1990; Schwanke-Peruzzo & Araújo-Barbarena 1995; Lucas 2002; Langer et al. 2007; Dassie 2014; Kammerer & Ordoñez 2021)Ladinian-Carnian (Philipp et al. 2018)/Carnian (Ordoñez et al. 2020)
Shaanbeikannemeyeria xilougouensis Cheng, 1980China (Cheng 1980; Li 1980; King 1988; Li & Sun 2008; Li 2015; Liu 2022; Escobar et al. 2023)Lower Ermaying (Cheng 1980; Li 1980; King 1988; Li & Sun 2008; Li 2015; Liu 2022)Early Anisian (Liu et al. 2017)
Upper Heshanggou (Liu 2022)Early Anisian (Liu et al. 2017)
Shansiodon wangi Yeh, 1959China (Yeh 1959; Sun 1963; Young 1964; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; Cheng 1980; Brink 1988; King 1988; Li & Sun 2008; Kammerer et al. 2013; Li 2015)Upper Ermaying (Yeh 1959; Sun 1963; Cheng 1980; Brink 1988; King 1988; Li & Sun 2008; Li 2015)Late Anisian (Liu et al. 2017)
Shanisodon wuhsiangensis Yeh, 1959China (Yeh 1959; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; Brink 1988; King 1988; Li & Sun 2008; Hancox et al. 2013; Li 2015)Upper Ermaying (Yeh 1959; Brink 1988; King 1988; Li & Sun 2008; Hancox et al. 2013; Li 2015)Late Anisian (Liu et al. 2017)
Shansiodon sp.China (Yeh 1959; Sun 1963; Young 1964; Cheng 1980; King 1988)Upper Ermaying (Yeh 1959; Sun 1963; Cheng 1980; King 1988)Late Anisian (Liu et al. 2017)
South Africa (Hancox 1998; Nicolas & Rubidge 2010; Smith et al. 2012, 2020b; Hancox et al. 2013, 2020; Viglietti et al. 2022; Escobar et al. 2023)Cynognathus AZ Cricodon-Ufudocyclops SZ (Hancox et al. 2020; Smith et al. 2020b; Viglietti et al. 2022)Late Anisian-Carnian (Hancox et al. 2020)
? Shansiodon sp.China (Sun 1963; Young 1964)Upper Ermaying (Sun 1963)Late Anisian (Liu et al. 2017)
Sinokannemeyeria baidaoyuensis Liu, 2015China (Liu 2015)Tongchuan I (Liu 2015)Late Anisian (Tong et al. 2018)
Sinokannemeyeria pearsoni Young, 1937China (Young 1937, 1946, 1964; Sun 1963; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; Brink 1988; King 1988; Li & Sun 2008; Li 2015)Upper Ermaying (Sun 1963; Brink 1988; King 1988; Li & Sun 2008; Li 2015)Late Anisian (Liu et al. 2017)
cf. Sinokannemeyeria pearsoni Young, 1937China (Sun 1963; Young 1964)Upper Ermaying (Sun 1963)Late Anisian (Liu et al. 2017)
Sinokannemeyeria sanchuanheensis Cheng, 1980China (Cheng 1980; King 1988; Li & Sun 2008; Li 2015)Upper Ermaying (Cheng 1980; King 1988; Li & Sun 2008; Li 2015)Late Anisian (Liu et al. 2017)
Sinokannemeyeria yingchiaoensis Sun, 1963China (Sun 1963; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; Brink 1988; King 1988; Li & Sun 2008; Li 2015)Upper Ermaying (Sun 1963; Brink 1988; King 1988; Li & Sun 2008; Li 2015)Late Anisian (Liu et al. 2017)
Sinokannemeyeria sp.China (Sun 1963; Cheng 1980; King 1988)Upper Ermaying (Sun 1963; Cheng 1980; King 1988)Late Anisian (Liu et al. 2017)
Stahleckeria potens von Huene, 1935Brazil (von Huene 1935, 1936, 1949; Romer & Price 1944; Camp 1956; Bonaparte 1970, 1978; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; King 1988; Brink 1988; Walter 1989; Lucas 1993a, 2002; Maisch 2001, 2021; Surkov & Benton 2004; Vega-Dias & Schwanke 2004a; Vega-Dias et al. 2005; Langer et al. 2007; Abdala et al. 2013; Vega & Maisch 2014; Dassie 2014; Kammerer et al. 2017; Kammerer 2018; Mancuso & Irmis 2019; Ordoñez et al. 2019; Schultz et al. 2020; Kammerer & Ordoñez 2021)Santa Maria Dinodontosaurus AZ (Lucas 2002; Langer et al. 2007; Abdala et al. 2013; Dassie 2014; Martinelli et al. 2017; Mancuso & Irmis 2019; Schultz et al. 2020; Maisch 2021)Ladinian-Carnian (Philipp et al. 2018)/Carnian (Ordoñez et al. 2020)
Namibia (Abdala et al. 2013; Mancuso & Irmis 2019; Kammerer & Ordoñez 2021; Maisch 2021; Olroyd 2022; Olroyd & Sidor 2022; Preuschoft et al. 2022)Omingonde (Abdala et al. 2013; Mancuso & Irmis 2019; Kammerer & Ordoñez 2021; Maisch 2021)Anisian-Ladinian (Wynd et al. 2018; Zieger et al. 2020)
Stahleckeria sp.Argentina (Mancuso & Irmis 2019; Escobar et al. 2021; Kammerer & Ordoñez 2021)Chañares Massetognathus-Chanaresuchus AZ (Mancuso & Irmis 2019; Escobar et al. 2021)Early Carnian (Ezcurra et al. 2017)
Stahleckeriidae indet. (“ Angonisaurus sp. ”)Antarctica (Sidor et al. 2014; Kammerer et al. 2019)Upper Fremouw (Sidor et al. 2014; Kammerer et al. 2019)Late Anisian-Ladinian (Elliot et al. 2017)
Stahleckeriidae indet.Brazil (Maisch 2021)Santa Maria Dinodontosaurus AZ (Maisch 2021)Ladinian-Carnian (Philipp et al. 2018)/Carnian
(Ordoñez et al. 2020)
India (Bandyopadhyay 1988; Bandyopadhyay & Sengupta 1999; Bandyopadhyay & Ray 2020)Denwa (Bandyopadhyay 1988; Bandyopadhyay & Sengupta 1999; Bandyopadhyay & Ray 2020)Anisian or younger (Peecook et al. 2018)
South Africa (Watson 1917; Hancox & Rubidge 1994; Govender 2005)Cynognathus AZ Trirachodon-Kannemeyeria SZ (Govender 2005; Hancox et al. 2020)Early Anisian (Hancox et al. 2020)
Tanzania (Kammerer et al. 2017)Manda (Kammerer et al. 2017)Anisian or younger (Wynd et al. 2018)
Stahleckeriinae indet.Argentina (Cox 1968; Bonaparte 1997; Escobar et al. 2021)Chañares Tarjadia AZ (Escobar et al. 2021)Ladinian /Carnian (Ezcurra et al. 2017)
United States (Lucas & Hunt 1993a; Long & Murry 1995; Green et al. 2005; Green 2012; Kammerer et al. 2013)Pekin (Green et al. 2005; Green 2012; Kammerer et al. 2013)Carnian (Heckert et al. 2017)
Santa Rosa (Lucas & Hunt 1993a; Long & Murry 1995; Kammerer et al. 2013)Carnian (Hartman et al. 2015)
Sungeodon kimkraemerae Maisch & Matzke, 2014China (Maisch & Matzke 2014)Jiucaiyuan (Maisch & Matzke 2014)Induan (Tong et al. 2018)
Tetragonias njalilus (von Huene, 1942)Tanzania (von Huene 1942; Haughton & Brink 1954; Cruickshank 1964, 1967; Bonaparte 1966a; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; King 1988; Surkov & Benton 2004; FrÖbisch 2006; Kammerer et al. 2011, 2017; Hancox et al. 2013; Preuschoft et al. 2022)Manda (von Huene 1942; Haughton & Brink 1954; Bonaparte 1966b; Cruickshank 1967; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; King 1988; Surkov & Benton 2004; FrÖbisch 2006; Kammerer et al. 2011, 2017; Hancox et al. 2013; Preuschoft et al. 2022)Anisian or younger (Wynd et al. 2018)
Tetragonias sp.Argentina (Bonaparte 1981; Domnanovich & Marsicano 2012; Kammerer & Ordoñez 2021)Quebrada de los Fósiles (Bonaparte 1981; Domnanovich & Marsicano 2012; Kammerer & Ordoñez 2021)?Ladinian-Carnian (Ottone et al. 2014)
Ufudocyclops mukanelai Kammerer, Viglietti, Hancox, Butler & Choiniere, 2019South Africa (Hancox & Rubidge 1996; Hancox 1998; Nicolas & Rubidge 2010; Smith et al. 2012, 2020b; Hancox et al. 2013, 2020; Kammerer et al. 2019; Viglietti et al. 2022)Cynognathus AZ Cricodon-Ufudocyclops SZ (Hancox et al. 2020; Smith et al. 2020b; Viglietti et al. 2022)Late Anisian-Carnian (Hancox et al. 2020)
Uralokannemeyeria vjuschkovi Danilov, 1971Russia (Danilov 1971, 1973; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; King 1988; Shishkin et al. 1995; Ivakhnenko et al. 1997; Battail & Surkov 2000; Surkov & Benton 2004; Ivakhnenko 2008)Lower Donguz (Surkov 2003)Anisian (Ivakhnenko 2008)
Vinceria andina Bonaparte, 1969Argentina (Bonaparte 1969, 1970, 1978; Keyser 1974; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; King 1988; Domnanovich & Marsicano 2006a, 2012; Hancox et al. 2013; Ordoñez et al. 2019; Kammerer & Ordoñez 2021)Cerro de las Cabras (Bonaparte 1969; King 1988; Domnanovich & Marsicano 2006a, 2012; Kammerer & Ordoñez 2021)Late Anisian-early Ladinian (Cariglino et al. 2016)
Wadiasaurus indicus Chowdhury, 1970India (Jain et al. 1964; Chowdhury 1970; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; Bandyopadhyay 1988; King 1988; Ray 2006; Ray et al. 2009 a, b, 2010; Bandyopadhyay & Ray 2020)Yerrapalli (Jain et al. 1964; Chowdhury 1970; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; Bandyopadhyay 1988; King 1988; Ray 2006; Ray et al. 2009 a, b, 2010; Bandyopadhyay & Ray 2020)Anisian or younger (Ottone et al. 2014)
Woznikella triradiata n. gen., n. sp.Germany (Schoch 2012)Stuttgart (Schoch 2012)Carnian (Schoch 2012)
Poland (Sulej et al. 2011; Racki & Lucas 2020)Grabowa (Szulc et al. 2015b; Racki & Lucas 2020)Carnian (Sulej et al. 2011)/ Norian ((Szulc et al. 2015b)
Xiyukannemeyeria brevi- rostris (Sun, 1978)China (Sun 1978; King 1988; Liu & Li 2003; Li & Sun 2008)Lower Karamay (Liu & Li 2003)Anisian (Tong et al. 2018)
Zambiasaurus submersus Cox, 1969Zambia (Attridge et al. 1964; Cox 1969; King 1988; Angielczyk et al. 2014; Kammerer 2018; Peecook et al. 2018; Li 2015)Ntawere (Attridge et al. 1964; Cox 1969; Keyser & Cruickshank 1979; King 1988; Angielczyk et al. 2014; Kammerer 2018; Peecook et al. 2018; Li 2015)Anisian or younger (Wynd et al. 2018)