Uncovering five new species of Polyalthia (Annonaceae, Miliuseae) from Thailand: molecular and morphological congruence Author Wiya, Chattida Herbarium, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Rd., Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. & Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden, The Botanical Garden Organization, 100 Moo 9, Mae Rim, Chiang Mai 50180, Thailand. chattida.wiya@gmail.com Author Damthongdee, Anissara Herbarium, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Rd., Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. aniss.damthongdee@gmail.com Author Chanthamrong, Kithisak Independent Research Group on Plant Diversity in Thailand, 13 Moo 1, Khaonoi, Sichon, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80120, Thailand. chanthamrong.kith@yahoo.com Author Ue-Aree, Phasit Herbarium, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Rd., Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. & Forest Herbarium, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation, 61 Phahonyothin Rd., Bangkok 10900, Thailand. phasit25102538@gmail.com Author Chaowasku, Tanawat Herbarium, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Rd., Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. tanawat.chaowasku@cmu.ac.th text European Journal of Taxonomy 2025 2025-10-14 1022 243 276 https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3093/13789 journal article 312794 10.5852/ejt.2025.1022.3093 df19b370-9389-4a9b-b8e6-8ea649a32b9b 2118-9773 17361666

Table 3. Morphological comparisons between Polyalthia evecta -3 [= P. esanensis Wiya, Damth. & Chaowasku sp. nov.], P. evecta -4 [= P. acuminatissima Wiya, Damth. & Chaowasku sp. nov.], P. evecta -2 [= true P. evecta (Pierre) Finet & Gagnep.] and P. chantaranothaii Bunchalee & Chalermglin. Data for the true P. evecta are from Pierre (1881) and personal observations; data for P. chantaranothaii are from Bunchalee et al. (2021b) and personal observations.

Feature	P. evecta -3 [= P. esanensis sp. nov.]	P. evecta -4 [= P. acuminatissima sp. nov.]	P. evecta -2 [= true P. evecta]	P. chantaranothaii
Young twigs	densely hairy	sparsely hairy	densely hairy	densely hairy
Leaf texture	chartaceous	chartaceous-subcoriaceous	no data available	chartaceous
Length of leaf acumen (mm)	6.0–9.0	(12.0–)16.0–26.0	0 (acumen absent)	10.0–15.0
Pedicel length (mm; in flower)	5.0–11.0	4.5–11.0	(12.5–)15.0–30.0	4.0–6.0
Outer petal length (mm)	5.5–5.8	4.5–5.5	4.5–5.5	2.0–2.5
Number of carpels per flower	7–13	4–11	(30–)40–60	10–15