A checklist of spiders from the herbaceous layer of a coastal dune forest ecosystem at Richards Bay, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa (Arachnida: Araneae)
Author
Dippenaar-Schoeman, A. S.
ARC-Plant Protection Research Institute, P. Bag X 134, Queenswood, 0121 South Africa, and Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0001 South Africa
DippenaarA@arc.agric.za
Author
Wassenaar, T. D.
Conservation Ecology Research Unit, Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0001 South Africa
tdwassenaar@zoology.up.ac.za
text
African Invertebrates
2006
2006-12-31
47
63
70
journal article
10.5281/zenodo.7667494
2305-2562
7667494
TABLE 2 Annotated checklist of spiders recorded during a two-month period (November & December 1995), from four mined stands of rehabilitating coastal dune forest (2-, 8-, 12- & 16-year old stands) and one unmined, undisturbed stand (c. 100-year old), at Richards Bay, KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. Totals per species are provided in the last column and totals per stand in the last row. Abbreviations: OWB – orb-web, SHWB – sheet-web, SPWB – space-web, W – wanderers, WB – web dwellers.| Stands (approximate ages) |
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| Species | Guilds | 2-yr | 8-yr | 12-yr | 16-yr | 100-yr | Totals |
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| ARANEIDAE |
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| Acusilas africanus Simon, 1895 | OWB | 2 | - | - | - | - | 2 |
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| Araneus holzapfelae Lessert, 1936 | OWB | - | 1 | - | - | 3 | 4 |
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| Araneus nigroquadratus Lawrence, 1937 | OWB | 38 | 26 | 17 | 2 | 2 | 85 |
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| Argiope aurocincta Pocock, 1898 | OWB | 7 | 11 | - | - | - | 18 |
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| Argiope flavipalpis (Lucas, 1858) | OWB | 11 | 9 | 2 | - | - | 22 |
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| Caerostris sexcuspidata (Fabricius, 1793) | OWB | 67 | 175 | 88 | - | 3 | 333 |
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| Cyclosa insulana (Costa, 1834) | OWB | - | - | 1 | - | - | 1 |
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| Gasteracantha milvoides Butler, 1873 | OWB | 7 | - | 18 | - | - | 25 |
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| Isoxya cicatricosa (C.L. Koch, 1844) | OWB | - | - | - | - | 1 | 1 |
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| Isoxya tabulata (Thorell, 1859) | OWB | 8 | 5 | 21 | - | 16 | 50 |
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| Lipocrea longissima (Simon, 1881) | OWB | - | - | - | 2 | - | 2 |
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| Mahembea hewitti Lessert, 1930 | OWB | - | - | - | - | 1 | 1 |
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| Nemoscolus elongatus Lawrence, 1947 | OWB | 1 | - | - | - | - | 1 |
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| Nemoscolus vigintipunctatus Simon, 1897 | OWB | 3 | 1 | 1 | - | - | 5 |
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| Neoscona blondeli (Simon, 1885) | OWB | 18 | - | - | 18 | - | 36 |
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| Neoscona subfusca (C.L. Koch, 1837) | OWB | 4 | 4 | 17 | 8 | - | 33 |
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| Pararaneus cyrtoscapus (Pocock, 1898) | OWB | 57 | 112 | 1 | - | - | 170 |
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| Taxa indet. (1) | OWB | 1 | - | - | - | 2 | 3 |
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| Totals | | 224 | 344 | 166 | 30 | 28 | 792 |
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| CLUBIONIDAE |
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| Clubiona lawrencei Roewer, 1951 | W | 3 | 2 | 3 | - | 1 | 9 |
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| Clubiona pupillaris Lawrence, 1938 | W | - | 1 | 1 | - | 1 | 3 |
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| Totals | | 3 | 3 | 4 | - | 2 | 12 |
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| Species | Guilds | 2-yr | 8-yr | 12-yr | 16-yr | 100-yr | Totals |
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| CORINNIDAE |
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| Austrachelas incertus Lawrence, 1938 | W | 1 | - | - | - | - | 1 |
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| Copa flavoplumosa Simon, 1885 | W | 1 | 1 | - | 1 | - | 3 |
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| Trachelas roeweri Lawrence, 1938 | W | 1 | - | - | - | - | 1 |
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| Totals | | 3 | 1 | - | 1 | - | 5 |
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| CYATHOLIPIDAE |
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| Isicabu zuluensis Griswold, 1987 | SHWB | - | 2 | - | - | 1 | 3 |
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| DEINOPIDAE |
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| Deinopis cornigera Gerstäcker, 1873 | OWB | - | 14 | 1 | - | - | 15 |
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| GNAPHOSIDAE |
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| Aphantaulax signicollis Tucker, 1923 | W | - | - | 1 | 1 | - | 2 |
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| Xerophaeus bicavus Tucker, 1923 | W | 1 | - | - | - | - | 1 |
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| Totals | | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | - | 3 |
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| LINYPHIIDAE |
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| Taxa indet. (1) | SHWB | - | 2 | - | - | 4 | 6 |
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| LIOCRANIDAE |
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| Taxa indet. (1) | W | - | 1 | - | - | - | 1 |
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| LYCOSIDAE |
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| Pardosa sp. (immature) | W | - | - | 1 | - | 1 | 2 |
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| Taxa indet. (1) | W | 3 | 3 | 4 | - | 1 | 11 |
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| Totals | | 3 | 3 | 5 | - | 2 | 13 |
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| MIMETIDAE |
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| Mimetus natalensis Lawrence, 1938 | W | - | 1 | - | - | 8 | 9 |
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| MITURGIDAE |
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| Cheiracanthium aculeutum Simon, 1884 | W | 1 | 1 | - | 2 | - | 4 |
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| Cheiramiona clavigera (Simon, 1897) | W | 5 | 4 | 3 | - | - | 12 |
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| Cheiramiona filipes (Simon, 1898) | W | 1 | - | - | - | - | 1 |
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| Cheiramiona silvicola (Lawrence, 1938) | W | 8 | 3 | 1 | - | - | 12 |
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| Totals | | 15 | 8 | 4 | 2 | - | 29 |
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| OXYOPIDAE |
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| Hamataliwa sp. 1 indet. | W | 2 | - | - | - | 1 | 3 |
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| Oxyopes hoggi Lessert, 1915 | W | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | 2 |
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| Oxyopes longispinosus Lawrence, 1938 | W | 14 | 28 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 47 |
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| Oxyopes vogelsangeri Lessert, 1946 | W | - | 1 | - | - | - | 1 |
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| Oxyopes sp. 1 indet. | W | - | 6 | - | - | - | 6 |
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| Oxyopes sp. 2 indet. | W | - | 1 | - | 1 | - | 2 |
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| Totals | | 17 | 36 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 61 |
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| PHOLCIDAE |
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| Spermophora sp. (immature) | SPWB | - | - | - | - | 5 | 5 |
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| Micromerys sp. indet. | SPWB | - | - | - | - | 3 | 3 |
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| Totals | | - | - | - | - | 8 | 8 |
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| PHILODROMIDAE |
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| Philodromus browningi Lawrence, 1952 | W | - | - | - | 2 | - | 2 |
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| Suemus punctatus Lawrence, 1938 | W | 5 | - | 1 | 4 | - | 10 |
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| Tibellus flavipes Caporiacco, 1939 | W | - | - | 1 | 3 | - | 4 |
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| Thanatus sp. (immature) | W | - | - | 1 | - | - | 1 |
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| Totals | | 5 | - | 3 | 9 | - | 17 |
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| PISAURIDAE |
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| Charminus ambiguus (Lessert, 1925) | SHWB | 149 | 107 | 41 | - | 5 | 302 |
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| Charminus atomarius (Lawrence, 1942) | SHWB | 58 | 219 | 236 | - | 11 | 524 |
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| Charminus natalensis (Lawrence, 1947) | SHWB | 4 | 5 | - | - | - | 9 |
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| Cispinilus sp. (immature) | SHWB | 35 | 7 | - | - | 1 | 43 |
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| Totals | | 246 | 338 | 277 | - | 17 | 878 |
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| Species | Guilds 2-yr | 8-yr | 12-yr | 16-yr | 100-yr | Totals |
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| SALTICIDAE |
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| Brancus bevisi Lessert, 1925 | W | 1 | - | - | - | - | 1 |
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| Festucula festuculaeformis (Lessert, 1925) | W | - | - | - | 2 | - | 2 |
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| Heliophanus debilis Simon, 1901 | W | - | 4 | - | 6 | - | 10 |
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| Hyllus marleyi Lessert, 1925 | W | 1 | 2 | 1 | - | - | 4 |
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| Myrmarachne laurentina Bacelar, 1953 | W | - | - | - | - | 1 | 1 |
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| Thyene inflata (Gerstäcker, 1873) | W | 13 | 2 | - | 3 | 3 | 21 |
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| Thyene natalii Peckham & Peckham, 1903 | W | 10 | - | 1 | 2 | 2 | 15 |
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| Thyenula aurantiaca (Simon, 1902) | W | 76 | 140 | 133 | 1 | 14 | 364 |
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| Totals | | 101 | 148 | 135 | 14 | 20 | 418 |
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| SCYTODIDAE |
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| Scytodes maritima Lawrence, 1938 | W | 1 | - | 4 | - | - | 5 |
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| SELENOPIDAE |
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| Anyphops decoratus (Lawrence, 1940) | W | - | 1 | 1 | - | 1 | 3 |
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| SPARASSIDAE |
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| Olios biarmatus Lessert, 1925 | W | 6 | - | - | - | 4 | 10 |
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| Olios sp. 1 indet. | W | 4 | 8 | 4 | 1 | 10 | 27 |
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| Olios sp. 2 indet. | W | 1 | 2 | - | - | - | 3 |
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| Palystes superciliosus L. Koch, 1875 | W | 2 | 3 | 2 | - | - | 7 |
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| Panaretella zuluana Lawrence, 1937 | W | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | 2 |
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| Totals | | 14 | 14 | 6 | 1 | 14 | 49 |
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| TETRAGNATHIDAE |
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| Leucauge decorata (Blackwall, 1864) | OWB | 21 | 63 | 8 | - | - | 92 |
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| Leucauge festiva (Blackwall, 1866) | OWB | 37 | 120 | 55 | 13 | - | 225 |
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| Leucauge levanderii (Kulzcynski, 1901) | OWB | 18 | 49 | 8 | 1 | - | 76 |
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| Leucauge medjensis Lessert, 1930 | OWB | 12 | 28 | 8 | - | - | 48 |
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| Nephila inaurata (Walckenaer, 1842) | OWB | 16 | 11 | 2 | - | - | 29 |
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| Totals | | 104 | 271 | 81 | 14 | - | 470 |
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| THERIDIIDAE |
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| Achaearanaea acoreensis (Berland, 1932) | SWB | 3 | 1 | - | - | - | 4 |
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| Argyrodes convivans Lawrence, 1937 | SWB | 7 | 7 | 4 | - | - | 18 |
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| Crustulina sp. indet. | SWB | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | 2 |
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| Phoroncidia eburnea (Simon, 1895) | SWB | 1 | - | - | - | 1 | 2 |
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| Steatoda sp. indet. | SWB | 1 | - | - | - | - | 1 |
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| Theridion sp. indet. | SWB | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | 2 |
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| Theridula sp. indet. | SWB | - | 1 | - | - | - | 1 |
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| Taxa indet. (1) | SWB | 12 | - | - | - | 2 | 14 |
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| Totals | | 26 | 10 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 44 |
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| THOMISIDAE |
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| Camaricus nigrotesselatus Simon, 1895 | W | - | - | 2 | 1 | - | 3 |
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| Diaea puncta Karsch, 1884 | W | 5 | - | 1 | - | 1 | 7 |
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| Firmicus abnormis (Lessert, 1923) | W | - | - | - | 1 | - | 1 |
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| Heriaeus crassispinus Lawrence, 1942 | W | - | 2 | - | - | - | 2 |
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| Pactates compactus Lawrence, 1947 | W | 3 | - | - | - | - | 3 |
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| Paramystaria variabilis Lessert, 1919 | W | - | 4 | - | - | 1 | 5 |
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| Runcinia flavida (Simon, 1881) | W | 7 | 10 | 6 | - | 1 | 24 |
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| Synema langheldi Dahl, 1907 | W | 5 | 1 | - | - | 3 | 9 |
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| Thomisops pupa Karsch, 1879 | W | - | - | 1 | - | 1 | 2 |
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| Thomisus blandus Karsch, 1880 | W | - | - | 1 | 2 | - | 3 |
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| Tmarus cameliformis Millot, 1942 | W | - | 1 | 1 | - | - | 2 |
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| Tmarus natalensis Lessert, 1925 | W | - | - | - | - | 3 | 3 |
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| Totals | | 20 | 18 | 12 | 4 | 10 | 64 |
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| ULOBORIDAE |
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| Uloborus sp. 1 indet. | OWB | 2 | 16 | 11 | - | - | 29 |
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| Uloborus sp. 2 indet. | OWB | 1 | 3 | 1 | - | - | 5 |
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| Uloborus sp. 3 indet. | OWB | 3 | 3 | - | - | - | 6 |
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| Uloborus sp. 4 indet. | OWB | - | 4 | 6 | - | - | 10 |
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| Totals | | 6 | 26 | 18 | - | - | 50 |
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| Total no. spiders | | 789 | 1241 | 724 | 81 | 120 | 2955 |
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| Total no. species | | 61 | 56 | 46 | 24 | 35 | 96 |
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