From a pair to a dozen: the piscivorous species of Haplochromis (Cichlidae) from the Lake Edward system Author Vranken, Nathan 0F8A0E8B-8BE3-458F-8BB8-D5BA0B489A0D Leuven, Laboratory of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Genomics, Department of Biology, Charles Deberiotstraat 32, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. & Royal Museum for Central Africa, Biology department, Section Vertebrates, Leuvensesteenweg 13, 3080 Tervuren, Belgium. nathan.vranken@kuleuven.be Author Steenberge, Maarten Van 57C714E0-F233-4B3E-960E-17A7863FBF6F Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Operational Directorate Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Vautierstraat 29, 1000 Brussels, Belgium. & Masaryk University, Department of Botany and Zoology, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic. mvansteenberge@naturalsciences.be Author Heylen, Annelies 559336E6-F710-45F2-9116-775C59874D70 KU Leuven, Laboratory of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Genomics, Department of Biology, Charles Deberiotstraat 32, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. annelies.heylen@hotmail.com Author Decru, Eva 1AEB7EED-C939-4702-8590-B3FCA7076324 KU Leuven, Laboratory of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Genomics, Department of Biology, Charles Deberiotstraat 32, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. eva.decru.icht@gmail.com Author Snoeks, Jos 13A8AB26-FF46-437C-9806-D49E11C5E15D Royal Museum for Central Africa, Biology department, Section Vertebrates, Leuvensesteenweg 13, 3080 Tervuren, Belgium. jos.snoeks@africamuseum.be text European Journal of Taxonomy 2022 2022-04-21 815 1 94 http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.815.1749 journal article 92619 10.5852/ejt.2022.815.1749 9a798cae-f10e-44c2-a65c-cdadbff28cb4 2118-9773 6484153 6AD0082E-7349-48DE-AFCA-1EE0BFBB3887

Table 1. (continued on the next three pages). Measurements and counts of the piscivorous species of Haplochromis from the Lake Edward system.

	H. latifrons sp. nov.		H. mentatus		H. rex sp. nov.		H. simba sp. nov.		H. glaucus sp. nov.		H. aquila sp. nov.		H. kimondo sp. nov.		H. falcatus sp. nov.		H. curvidens sp. nov.		H. pardus sp. nov.		H. quasimodo sp. nov.		H. squamipinnis
	n = 8, *2		n = 20, *2		n = 16, *2		n = 11, *2		n = 10, *2		n = 8, *2		n = 21, *2		n = 20, *2		n = 7, *2		n = 20, *2		n = 21, *2		n = 20, *2
	Mean ± SD	Range	Mean ± SD	Range	Mean ± SD	Range	Mean ± SD	Range	Mean ± SD	Range	Mean ± SD	Range	Mean ± SD	Range	Mean ± SD	Range	Mean ± SD	Range	Mean ± SD	Range	Mean ± SD	Range	Mean ± SD	Range
SL (mm)	120.3 ± 30.9	75.3–158.2	110.3 ± 16.2	87.2–137.2	128.7 ± 23.8	80.5–154.8	98.8 ± 7.4	87.1–109.0	112.7 ± 22.6	90.7–158.3	104.6 ± 16.4	83.9–122.9	126.5 ± 25.1	81.6–171.3	103.2 ± 16	75.0–137.1	98.7 ± 7.5	90.2–112.0	80.1 ± 9	67.4–96.1	113.6 ± 25.8	78.9–164.9	136.7 ± 43.4	75.9–211.4
HL % SL	35.0 ± 0.6	34.2–36.0	35.1 ± 1.0	33.4–37.0	36.6 ± 0.6	35.8–37.8	36.8 ± 0.6	35.7–37.6	36.9 ± 0.7	35.9–37.9	36.3 ± 0.7	35.5–37.6	36.5 ± 0.9	34.8–38.5	38.2 ± 0.9	36.6–39.6	36.1 ± 1.4	34.1–37.9	35.2 ± 0.8	34.0–36.7	35.5 ± 0.9	33.9–37.2	36.0 ± 0.6	35.1–36.9
BD % SL	28.6 ± 1.2	27.2–30.1	31.2 ± 0.8	29.0–32.3	31.8 ± 1.7	28.4–35.1	31.3 ± 1.1	30.1–33.3	33.5 ± 2.3	29.7–36.0	32.4 ± 1.8	29.0–34.5	33.0 ± 1.6	29.9–35.3	33.2 ± 1.2	30.4–35.2	30.8 ± 1.0	29.0–32.0	31.8 ± 1.6	29.2–35.3	37.4 ± 2.3	33.5–41.7	35.7 ± 2.1	32.4–39.3
PrD % SL	35.9 ± 0.3	35.4–36.4	35.3 ± 0.9	33.3–36.4	38.0 ± 1.1	36.1–39.2	37.3 ± 0.5	36.6–38.0	36.1 ± 0.5	35.4–37.0	37.2 ± 0.8	36.5–38.9	38.0 ± 1.0	36.0–40.1	39.5 ± 1.0	36.9–41.1	36.3 ± 1.3	34.5–37.9	36.0 ± 1.0	34.1–37.8	37.7 ± 1.0	35.5–39.1	36.7 ± 0.7	35.0–38.3
PrA % SL	67.7 ± 0.5	67.0–68.2	66.9 ± 1.2	64.2–68.2	68.5 ± 1.0	66.2–69.6	67.3 ± 1.1	66.1–69.4	68.9 ± 1.2	66.5–70.3	67.4 ± 1.4	64.7–69.3	66.9 ± 0.7	65.8–68.2	67.1 ± 1.3	64.7–69.0	66.6 ± 1.0	65.3–67.9	65.3 ± 0.9	64.1–66.9	66.0 ± 1.5	63.0–68.7	66.5 ± 1.0	64.4–68.6
PrP % SL	36.1 ± 0.4	35.7–36.8	36.0 ± 1.2	33.1–38.2	37.6 ± 0.6	36.5–38.8	37.8 ± 0.8	36.2–39.2	38.1 ± 0.9	36.4–39.4	37.2 ± 1.1	35.5–39.3	36.7 ± 0.7	35.3–38.2	38.6 ± 0.7	37.1–39.9	36.7 ± 1.1	35.0–38.0	35.7 ± 1.0	34.2–37.8	35.8 ± 0.9	33.9–37.2	37.0 ± 0.6	35.9–38.3
PrV % SL	41.8 ± 0.4	41.2–42.2	42.4 ± 1.2	39.4–44.3	43.1 ± 1.0	41.4–44.8	42.7 ± 0.9	41.5–44.0	44.3 ± 1.4	41.9–45.9	42.8 ± 1.4	40.6–45.5	40.8 ± 0.7	39.2–42.1	43.5 ± 1.0	41.4–45.4	41.0 ± 0.9	40.1–42.5	40.9 ± 0.8	39.6–42.3	41.4 ± 1.4	38.6–45.4	42.8 ± 1.1	41.4–45.8
PL % SL	27.8 ± 0.6	27.1–28.7	27.5 ± 1.7	25.2–30.4	27.6 ± 1.7	23.4–29.8	29.0 ± 1.4	27.1–30.8	28.0 ± 1.0	27.1–29.7	29.8 ± 1.0	28.1–31.1	26.3 ± 1.6	23.1–29.4	27.2 ± 1.5	24.6–30.2	29.1 ± 1.3	27.7–30.6	28.5 ± 2.1	25.1–32.2	32.8 ± 2.4	28.3–37.5	30.5 ± 1.9	26.5–33.1
VL % SL	23.5 ± 0.9	22.2–25.0	24.6 ± 1.8	22.6–28.8	24.2 ± 2.0	21.8–28.3	27.5 ± 1.8	24.2–30.4	25.9 ± 1.5	23.3–27.7	25.0 ± 2.0	21.6–28.4	23.2 ± 1.7	21.0–27.5	23.5 ± 1.0	21.6–25.7	25.3 ± 1.6	23.0–27.4	26.1 ± 3.6	21.2–35.7	29.4 ± 2.1	26.2–33.7	28.8 ± 2.7	25.2–35.4
DFB % SL	49.0 ± 0.9	47.2–50.1	52.3 ± 1.2	50.3–54.2	51.5 ± 0.8	49.8–53.1	51.3 ± 1.3	49.4–53.1	51.9 ± 1.5	49.8–55.0	51.7 ± 0.6	50.5–52.6	53.1 ± 1.2	50.7–55.3	51.4 ± 1.4	48.8–53.4	52.4 ± 0.9	51.4–54.1	52.4 ± 1.2	50.3–55.3	54.1 ± 1.5	50.8–57.8	52.2 ± 1.5	49.7–55.1
AFB % SL	15.7 ± 1.0	14.7–17.3	18.0 ± 0.7	16.7–19.2	18.7 ± 1.1	17.1–21.4	18.0 ± 0.6	17.3–19.0	18.6 ± 0.9	17.3–20.3	18.3 ± 0.4	17.3–18.7	18.0 ± 0.7	17.0–19.2	19.3 ± 0.5	18.4–20.3	18.3 ± 0.2	17.9–18.6	20.5 ± 0.8	19.2–22.2	19.9 ± 0.9	18.1–21.7	19.9 ± 1.0	18.6–21.9
CPL % SL	17.0 ± 0.7	15.8–18.0	16.6 ± 0.6	15.7–17.5	14.8 ± 0.8	13.5–16.2	15.6 ± 0.5	14.8–16.6	14.8 ± 1.0	13.4–16.1	15.0 ± 0.3	14.6–15.4	15.1 ± 0.6	14.0–16.2	14.6 ± 0.8	13.7–16.5	15.7 ± 0.7	14.9–16.6	14.7 ± 0.8	13.8–16.6	15.5 ± 0.9	14.2–17.4	15.0 ± 0.4	13.9–16.1
CPD % CPL	65.2 ± 4.3	59.3–72.0	69.6 ± 3.4	64.8–78.6	80.6 ± 3.8	74.4–87.9	73.6 ± 2.8	70.1–78.3	81.0 ± 7.2	69.3–90.7	80.6 ± 3.7	73.6–86.8	79.0 ± 4.6	70.7–87.5	86.7 ± 5.3	77.7–97.3	76.7 ± 3.8	72.0–82.0	81.8 ± 4.8	72.8–90.0	81.4 ± 5.0	71.3–91.5	85.0 ± 4.7	77.3–96.0
HW % HL	41.8 ± 1.1	40.5–43.2	40.8 ± 1.0	39.4–42.3	39.2 ± 1.5	36.8–41.6	40.8 ± 0.7	39.5–41.5	39.7 ± 0.6	38.9–40.9	42.0 ± 1.3	40.1–43.7	45.1 ± 1.3	42.9–48.0	42.9 ± 1.2	39.9–44.4	43.4 ± 0.7	42.4–44.2	42.6 ± 1.0	40.1–44.1	45.3 ± 1.5	42.0–48.1	42.5 ± 2.3	38.4–47.0
ED % HL	24.4 ± 1.6	22.3–26.7	27.2 ± 1.2	25.4–29.9	24.6 ± 1.7	22.2–28.3	28.3 ± 0.8	26.7–29.5	26.8 ± 1.7	23.2–28.7	30.6 ± 0.6	30.0–31.5	27.5 ± 1.9	24.6–30.8	28.9 ± 1.5	25.2–31.5	30.4 ± 0.7	29.4–31.1	31.9 ± 1.3	29.8–34.1	29.2 ± 1.6	26.2–31.8	26.6 ± 2.0	23.1–29.7
IOW % HW	60.0 ± 2.3	57.4–63.3	55.5 ± 2.3	51.3–61.0	48.9 ± 2.1	44.9–52.7	48.1 ± 1.5	45.5–50.4	53.8 ± 1.9	50.9–57.1	48.0 ± 2.6	45.3–53.3	52.8 ± 2.6	49.2–58.5	47.7 ± 2.5	41.9–53.3	49.1 ± 2.0	46.4–52.5	44.6 ± 2.6	39.3–48.4	43.9 ± 2.3	40.5–48.7	51.9 ± 2.0	48.6–55.6
SNL % HL	35.6 ± 1.1	33.9–37.3	34.2 ± 1.5	30.0–35.9	34.7 ± 1.9	31.1–37.9	32.5 ± 0.8	31.3–34.0	32.8 ± 1.3	31.0–35.1	30.3 ± 1.3	28.0–31.9	34.5 ± 1.8	31.3–37.7	32.4 ± 0.9	30.3–33.4	30.1 ± 1.1	28.9–32.1	30.3 ± 1.5	27.6–33.2	31.0 ± 1.2	28.2–33.1	33.5 ± 2.1	29.9–37.1
LaD % HL	20.7 ± 1.6	18.8–23.0	19.7 ± 0.9	18.1–20.9	20.8 ± 1.0	18.9–22.5	19.5 ± 0.6	18.7–20.5	19.8 ± 1.3	18.0–22.7	18.3 ± 0.7	17.0–19.1	19.7 ± 1.4	16.9–22.0	18.0 ± 0.6	16.1–18.8	16.7 ± 0.6	16.0–17.8	17.3 ± 0.7	16.0–18.3	18.6 ± 1.0	16.6–20.6	19.6 ± 1.2	17.3–23.0
ChD % HL	27.7 ± 2.4	24.3–30.9	26.4 ± 1.7	23.8–31.1	31.1 ± 1.6	27.6–33.5	28.3 ± 0.8	27.0–29.6	28.5 ± 1.5	26.2–31.3	28.3 ± 1.3	26.8–30.8	30.9 ± 2.4	27.1–35.2	26.0 ± 1.0	23.3–28.0	23.2 ± 0.8	22.4–24.9	22.5 ± 1.1	20.8–24.4	27.5 ± 2.2	23.7–32.9	29.0 ± 2.9	24.9–36.0
PPL % HL	25.4 ± 0.6	24.5–26.0	26.0 ± 0.7	25.0–27.3	25.1 ± 0.7	23.8–26.2	24.5 ± 0.9	23.4–26.1	25.8 ± 1.2	23.8–28.6	25.1 ± 0.7	24.1–26.3	26.7 ± 1.0	25.0–28.5	26.9 ± 0.7	25.2–28.1	25.1 ± 0.9	23.7–26.3	27.0 ± 1.1	24.5–28.7	26.8 ± 1.0	25.4–29.4	27.9 ± 1.2	25.2–30.5
UJL % HL	38.2 ± 2.4	35.3–41.6	37.0 ± 1.9	33.8–41.0	38.1 ± 1.2	36.1–40.0	38.6 ± 1.2	36.3–40.1	38.6 ± 1.5	36.8–42.1	38.2 ± 1.7	36.5–41.1	39.3 ± 2.5	35.8–43.8	38.5 ± 1.3	36.4–41.8	36.4 ± 0.7	35.3–37.3	34.6 ± 1.2	32.7–36.8	37.9 ± 1.8	34.6–41.0	40.7 ± 2.8	35.8–47.1
LJL % HL	47.8 ± 1.3	45.6–49.4	48.5 ± 2.0	43.9–51.0	47.8 ± 1.3	45.6–50.1	48.4 ± 1.0	47.1–50.0	49.0 ± 2.2	46.0–53.1	47.1 ± 1.6	45.0–49.2	47.7 ± 2.4	44.7–52.0	49.5 ± 1.3	47.6–52.1	47.3 ± 1.3	45.8–49.7	44.7 ± 1.2	42.4–46.7	47.1 ± 1.6	44.2–49.6	52.7 ± 2.8	47.8–58.6
LJW % LJL	43.5 ± 2.8	39.6–46.4	39.3 ± 1.7	35.2–41.8	44.7 ± 2.4	39.5–47.9	40.8 ± 1.5	38.2–42.8	40.5 ± 2.1	36.2–43.1	41.8 ± 1.8	38.1–43.4	49.3 ± 2.5	44.7–53.3	42.5 ± 1.7	40.2–45.6	40.8 ± 1.5	38.5–43.2	41.3 ± 2.0	37.3–44.6	45.9 ± 2.5	41.0–50.6	37.2 ± 3.7	32.6–44.7
LPL % HL	30.7 ± 0.3	30.5–30.9*	29.9 ± 0.6	29.4–30.3*	29.2 ± 1.6	28.1–30.3*	30.3 ± 0.0	30.3–30.3*	28.9 ± 0.1	28.8–28.9*	31.0 ± 1.1	30.2–31.7*	28.9 ± 0.1	28.8–29.0*	29.4 ± 0.0	29.4–29.4*	29.5 ± 1.1	28.7–30.3*	29.4 ± 1.0	28.7–30.1*	30.7 ± 3.0	28.6–32.8*	31.7 ± 2.1*	30.2–33.1*
LPW % LPL	89.7 ± 4.4	86.6–92.8*	84.7 ± 1.5	83.6–85.7*	89.3 ± 3.7	86.6–91.9*	85.8 ± 2.8	83.8–87.9*	94.2 ± 1.3	93.3–95.1*	88.3 ± 6.7	83.6–93.1*	99.8 ± 2.1	98.3–101.3*	96.3 ± 0.4	96.0–96.6*	86.6 ± 4.9	83.2–90.1*	93.6 ± 0.0	93.6–93.7*	95.9 ± 7.7	90.4–101.3*	90.5 ± 2.4*	88.9–92.2*
DAL % LPL	54.9 ± 2.4	53.3–56.6*	57.4 ± 1.6	56.3–58.5*	61.1 ± 2.0	59.7–62.5*	59.4 ± 2.0	58.0–60.9*	60.9 ± 4.3	57.8–63.9*	56.8 ± 1.1	56.0–57.6*	57.3 ± 1.8	56.0–58.6*	55.7 ± 3.9	52.9–58.4*	56.2 ± 3.1	54.0–58.3*	57.2 ± 2.0	55.8–58.5*	60.8 ± 0.5	60.4–61.2*	57.5 ± 2.3*	55.8–59.1*
DAW % LPW	64.5 ± 1.3	63.6–65.4*	67.0 ± 3.6	64.5–69.6*	67.0 ± 2.5	65.2–68.8*	67.0 ± 1.7	65.8–68.3*	63.8 ± 0.4	63.5–64.1*	64.1 ± 2.3	62.5–65.7*	65.4 ± 0.3	65.2–65.6*	64.6 ± 3.0	62.5–66.7*	68.7 ± 2.1	67.2–70.2*	68.8 ± 1.1	68.0–69.6*	68.8 ± 0.8	68.2–69.4*	67.8 ± 2.9*	65.7–69.8*