Exochorion in the tribe Nymphalini (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae): the genus Hypanartia Hübner, [1821] and comparison with related genera Author Llorente-Bousquets, Jorge Museo de Zoología (Entomología), Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, 04510, CDMX, México & llorentebousquets @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0876 - 5333 llorentebousquets@gmail.com Author Nieves-Uribe, Sandra Museo de Zoología (Entomología), Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, 04510, CDMX, México & Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Unidad de Posgrado de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Edificio D, 1 ° Piso, Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, CDMX, México & s. nieves. uribe @ outlook. com (corresponding author); https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6497 - 9639 s.nieves.uribe@outlook.com Author Flores-Gallardo, Adrián Museo de Zoología (Entomología), Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, 04510, CDMX, México & Posgrado en Filosofía de la Ciencia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México & emileusher @ hotmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3144 - 163 X emileusher@hotmail.com text Zootaxa 2023 2023-08-15 5330 2 151 200 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5330.2.1 journal article 54374 10.11646/zootaxa.5330.2.1 2677cbb9-3c7c-4b6b-8467-8745206bbaa2 1175-5326 8253638 35E732D1-4ABB-42C7-A792-B01FADF3AEEA
TABLE 2. Comparison of chorionic characters in six species of Hypanartia.
Region/areaGridColumnsBase
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MicropylarPerimicropylarApical1 ridges1 shafts1 ribs
Taxonshape and size (l*w; in µm)1 central polygon1 wreath 2 texture1 projections 2 ribs2 wall 3 texture between2 beam 3 rail2 texture
2 rosette3 textureridges
3 texture
Hypanartiasemi-ellipsoidal1 semi round1 10 leaves in 11 projections1 12 with 8–101 robust in apical1 5–8
paullusincomplete semi-of the ridgescolumns each,quarter, later
(Plates 4,5)784 * 8692 7 littlering; 9 of them aretowards theconspicuous in thereduced2 rough
anchoredin negative.transition zonefourth apical and
reduced to just a2 thick, with little
3 light rough2 light rough2 absentbeam from the fifthdepressions on the
basal62–65 aeropyles
3 light rough3 thick and with
2 thin, in theprojections on the
intercolumnplinths that appear
vestigial of ‘ribs’
3 little rough
MicropylarPerimicropylarApical1 ridges1 shafts1 ribs
Taxonshape and size (l*w; in µm)1 central polygon1 wreath 2 texture1 projections 2 ribs2 wall 3 texture between2 beam 3 rail2 texture
2 rosette3 textureridges
3 texture
H. bellasemi-spherical1 irregular1 23 leaves in 21 projections1 10–12 each with1 longer in the1 5–7
(Plates 6,7)semi-rings; outerof the crests23–26 columns;apical third and
717 * 7082 8 littleleaves are sharp,towards thesome are short andtapering and2 rough
anchoredinner leaves aretransition zonedo not reach themaintaining
curvedapex; some bendtowards the base
3 smooth2 2–3 ribsover the chorion
2 slight rough2 robust; rise a
3 light rough2 thin, translucent,little on the 25–28
and weak, only inaeropyles, and
the intercolumndepressed in the
intercolumns
3 smooth3 with projections
on the plinths that
resemble ‘ribs’
H. lethesemi-spherical1 irregular1 11 leaves in 11 wider1 10, each with1 longer in apical1 5–6
(Plates 8,9)740 * 684semi-ring + 5aeropyles25–26 columns;third and tapering
2 7, wellleaves with raisedconspicuoustowards base2 rough
anchorededges2 absentthroughout the
chorion2 robust with slight
3 smooth2 smooth3 smoothdepressions on the
2 thin, translucent,29–33 aeropyles
and weak, only in
the intercolumn3 with slight
projections on the
3 smoothplinths resembling
‘ribs’ only in apical
view
H. godmaniisemi-spherical1 irregular1 17 leaves (some1 projections1 11–12 each with1 elongated in the1 7–10
(Platesrhomboidwith vertexof the crests23–27 columns,apical third and
10,11)764 * 805projections) in 2towards theconspicuoustapering towards2 rough
2 6 wellsemi-ringstransition zonethroughout thethe base
anchoredchorion
2 little rough2 2–32 straight with
3 little rough2 thin, translucent,depressions in the
3 little roughand weak, only in27–32 aeropyles
the intercolumn
3 subtle with
3 smoothprojections on
the plinths that
resemble ‘ribs’ only
in apical view
MicropylarPerimicropylarApical1 ridges1 shafts1 ribs
Taxonshape and size (l*w; in µm)1 central polygon1 wreath 2 texture1 projections 2 ribs2 wall 3 texture between2 beam 3 rail2 texture
2 rosette3 textureridges
3 texture
H. dionesemi-ovoid1 rhomboid1 13 leaves (some1 none1 10–12, each with1 conspicuous from1 5–7
disjunctawith vertexat least 40 columns;apex to equator,embossed
(Plates923*10102 7 wellprojections) in 12 absentconspicuous only inwhere they are
12,13)anchoredsemi-ringthe upper half, andreduced2 little
3 little roughonly conspicuous inrough
3 little rough2 little roughthe basal third2 slender, with
48–52 aeropyles
2 robust, but thinner
in the intercolumns3 with grooves
and projections
3 smoothon the plinths that
resemble ‘ribs’
H.semi-spherical11 15 leaves in 21 projections1 11–12, each with1 conspicuous only1 4 –7
trimaculataquadrangularsemi-rings; oneof the crests13–18 columns inin apical third
autumna871 * 846complete and onetowards thethe apical third,2 rough
(Plates2 5 littlediscontinuoustransition zonelater reduced to2 thick and straight
14,15)curved andbeamwith 57–59
anchored2 little rough2 absentaeropyles
2 thick, covers the
3 little rough3 smoothentire ridge3 subtle, visible
up to apical
3 roughthird; plinths
with projections
resembling ‘ribs’