A Revised Sectional Classification of Plukenetia L. (Euphorbiaceae, Acalyphoideae) with Four New Species from South America Author Cardinal-McTeague, Warren M. Research & Collections, Canadian Museum of Nature, PO Box 3443, Station D, Ottawa, Ontario, K 1 P 6 P 4, Canada & Current address: Institut de recherche en biologie végétale and Département de sciences biologiques, Université de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, Québec, H 1 X 2 B 2, Canada & Author for correspondence (warren. cardinal-mcteague @ umontreal. ca) warren.cardinal-mcteague@umontreal.ca Author Gillespie, Lynn J. Research & Collections, Canadian Museum of Nature, PO Box 3443, Station D, Ottawa, Ontario, K 1 P 6 P 4, Canada text Systematic Botany 2020 Basel, Switzerland 2020-08-11 45 3 507 536 https://doi.org/10.1600/036364420x15935294613572 journal article 310262 10.1600/036364420X15935294613572 7796dd75-a996-400d-be9e-78c6edd2cc8f 1548-2324 15466930

TABLE 3. Morphological differences between the sections of Plukenetia, including Romanoa.

Taxon	Primary veins	Pistillate flowers	Staminate receptacles	Staminate nectaries	Filament length	Pollen tecta	Carpels	Style connation	Style length	Stylar column shape	Fruit type	Fruit diameter	Seed size
P. sect.	3	1–2(3)	Subglobose	Interstaminal	<0.5 mm	Foveolate	4	75(–90)%	4–7.5 mm	Funnel-	Fleshy	4.5–7.5 cm	XL
Angostylidium										shaped
P. sect.	1	1–10	Globose	Absent	Absent	Coarsely	4	Entire	3–3.5 mm	Obovoid	Fleshy	4–5 cm	L
Fragariopsis						reticulate
comb. et stat. nov.
P. sect.	3(–5)	1	Convex,	Absent	<0.5 mm	Foveolate	4	;70% or	0.5–1.8 mm	Cylindrical or	Dry	1.1–2 cm	S, M
Hedraiostylus			subglobose,					entire		depressed-
			or globose							globose
P. sect.	3(–5)	1 or 1–2(3)	Ellipsoid,	Absent	Absent	Foveolate	4	55–60% or	3.5–16 mm	Cylindrical or	Dry	2.3–4 cm	L
Madagascarienses			oblong-					entire		obconic or
sect. nov.			cylindrical,							obovoid
			or ovoid-
			conical
P. sect.	1(3)	1	Subglobose	Absent or	Absent,	Coarsely	4	Entire	0.3–4.5 mm	Cylindrical,	Dry	0.9–1.5 cm	S
Penninerviae			or globose	extrastaminal	sometimes	reticulate				depressed-
sect.					with an					subglobose,
nov.					outer					globose,
					whorl					obovoid, or
					0.2–1 mm					oblong-
										obovoid
P. sect.	3	1 or 1–4	Convex or	Interstaminal	0.5–3 mm	Foveolate	4	(20–40)	5.6–35 mm	Cylindrical	Dry or	3.5–11 cm	M, L, XL,
Plukenetia			subglobose	(absent)				70–95%			fleshy		Max
Romanoa	3–5	1	Subglobose	Absent	0.5–1 mm	Fossulate-	3	70–80%	5.6–10 mm	Cylindrical	Dry	1–1.7 cm	S
						foveolate