The evolution of tinamous (Palaeognathae: Tinamidae) in light of molecular and combined analyses Author Almeida, Francisca C Author Porzecanski, Ana L Author Cracraft, Joel L Author Bertelli, Sara text Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 2022 2022-05-01 195 1 106 124 https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/195/1/106/6395171 journal article 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab080 0024-4082 6530657

Table 1. Details on the fossil calibration used in the analysis of divergence dates

Point	Calibration	Clade	Offset	M	S	Distribution 95%		Fossil	Evidence	Reference
Offset, M and S are the parameters of the calibration prior distribution. Points 3 and 4 were used alternatively.
							Confidence
							Interval
1	Galloanserae	Gallus + Chauna		72.5	9	Normal	67.8–84.2	–	Age estimate	Claramunt & Cracraft (2015)
2	Emuarius	Dromaius +	24	6	1	Lognormal	24.7–42.9	Emuarius guljaruba	–	Worthy et al. (2014)
		Casuarius						Boles, 2001
3	Lithornis	Tinamidae +	55	7	1	Lognormal	55.8–77.0	Lithornis celetius	Phylogenetic	Houde (1988); Bertelli et al.
		Apeornithidae						Houde, 1988	analysis	(2014); Mitchell et al. (2014)
4	Diogenornis	‘Higher ratites’	55	7	1	Lognormal	55.8–77.0	Diogenornis fragilis	Synapomorphies Alvarenga (1983)
		(all but Struthio)						Alvarenga, 1983	with Rheidae
5	Eudromia sp.	Nothurinae	7	7	0.8	Lognormal	9.7–21.1	Eudromia sp.	Phylogenetic	Bertelli et al. (2014)
								Tambussi, 1987	analysis
6	Eudromia	Eudromia +	2.8	5	1	Lognormal	3.6–13.6	Eudromia olsoni	Phylogenetic	Bertelli et al. (2014)
	olsoni	Tinamotis						Tambussi & Tonni,	analysis
								1985
7	Tinaminae	Tinamus +	17	5	0.8	Lognormal	17.6–32.7	MACNS 3610 and	Phylogenetic	Bertelli et al. (2014)
	fossils	Cryturellus						MACNS 3613	analysis