Checklist of sponges (Porifera) from the White Sea, Arctic Author Ereskovsky, Alexander IMBE, CNRS, IRD, Aix Marseille University, Station Marine d’Endoume, Marseille, France. & Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology RAS, Moscow, Russia. & Foundation " National Intellectual Resource ", Moscow, Russia. Author Morozov, Grigori Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russia. & Kazan University, Kazan, Russia. text Zootaxa 2025 2025-02-05 5584 1 71 86 https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.1.4 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5584.1.4 1175-5326 14812320 DF62AA9E-216E-4412-B0FD-6C97E6120D8F
TABLE 1. Sponge inventory of White Sea and their distribution*
Class, SubclassOrderFamilySpeciesAuthorshipZone of WSDepth range (m)Literature source
Calcarea
Subclass CalcineaClathrinidaClathrinidaeClathrina arnesenae(Rapp, 2006)KB, OB,2–46.7 mMerejkowsky 1878, 1879; Breitfuss 1898; Derjugin 1928; Ereskovsky 1993b, 1995b
Clathrina multiformis(Breitfuss, 1898)OB12mBreitfuss 1898
Clathrina primordialis(Haeckel, 1872)GS, OB25–87Breitfuss 1898; Derjugin 1928
Clathrina sp. 1??Breitfuss 1898
LeucosolenidaHeteropiidaeSycettusa kuekenthali(Breitfuss, 1896)KB, OB,3–74mBreitfuss 1898; Derjugin
Subclass CalcaroneaGS1928; Ereskovsky 1993b, 1995b
Sycettusa sp. 1??Breitfuss 1898
GrantiidaeGrantia capillosa(Schmidt, 1862)KB, OB39–74Derjugin 1928
Grantia compressa(Fabricius, 1780)??Breitfuss 1898
LeucosoleniidaeLeucosolenia corallorrhiza(Haeckel, 1872)KB1–20Lavrov et al. 2023
Leucosolenia creepaeLavrov, Ekimova, Schepetov, Koinova & Ereskovsky, 2023KB0–10Lavrov et al. 2023
Leucosolenia variabilisHaeckel, 1870KB10–45mLavrov et al. 2023; Ereskovsky 1995b
Leucosolenia sp. 1KB15Lavrov et al. 2023
SyconidaeSycon ciliatum(Fabricius, 1780)KB, OB, MB, GS2–78mBreitfuss 1898; Derjugin 1928; Ereskovsky 2010, 1995b
Sycon quadrangulatum(Schmidt, 1868)KB, GS54–78mBreitfuss 1898; Derjugin 1928;
Sycon raphanusSchmidt, 1862OB10–20mBreitfuss 1898; Derjugin 1928
Demospongiae
Subclass HeteroscleromorphaAxinellidaRaspailiidaeHymeraphia stelliferaBowerbank, 1864KB, GS12–55mDerjugin 1928; Koltun 1959; Ereskovsky 1993b, 1995b
ClionaidaClionaidaePione vastifica(Hancock, 1849)KB, OB, DB, GS9–150mKoltun,1966; Ereskovsky 1993b, 1995b
Cliona celataGrant, 1826KB95.2mThis work
HaploscleridaChalinidaeHaliclona (Gellius)(Bowerbank, 1866)KB, OB10–21mSwartschewsky 1906;
angulataDerjugin 1928; Koltun 1959; Ereskovsky 1993b, 1995b
Haliclona (Reniera) aquaeductus(Schmidt, 1862)KB, OB, GS9–38mSwartschewsky 1906; Derjugin 1928; Koltun, 1959; Ereskovsky 1993b, 1995b
Haliclona (Haliclona) cinerea(Grant, 1826)KB, OB, GS4–54mSwartschewsky 1906; Koltun 1959; Ereskovsky 1993b, 1995b
Haliclona gracilis(Miklucho-Maclay, 1870)KB, OB,4–54mMiklucho-Maclay 1870;
MB, BaDerjugin 1928; Koltun 1959; Ereskovsky 1993b, 1995b
Haliclona (Gellius) primitiva(Lundbeck, 1902)KB, OB, GS7–23mKoltun 1959; Ereskovsky 1993b, 1995b
Haliclona (Gellius) proxima(Lundbeck, 1902)OB39mDerjugin 1928
Haliclona (Rhizoniera) rosea(Bowerbank, 1866)KB, GS15–78mDerjugin 1928
Haliclona rossica(Hentschel, 1929)OB10mSwartschewsky 1906; Koltun 1959
Haliclona (Haliclona) urceolus(Rathe & Vahl, 1806)KB54–172mDerjugin 1928
Haliclona papillifera(Swartschewsky, 1906)OB6mSwartschewsky 1906; Koltun 1959
Haliclona hirsuta(Swartschewsky, 1906)OB6mSwartschewsky 1906; Koltun 1959
Haliclona firma(Swartschewsky, 1906)OB1.5–17mSwartschewsky, 1906
Haliclona bulbifera(Swartschewsky, 1906)OB4mSwartschewsky 1906; Koltun 1959
Haliclona solowetzkaja(Hentschel, 1929)OB6.4–21mSwartschewsky 1906; Koltun 1959
Haliclona swartschewskiji(Hentschel, 1929)KB, OB4.2–47mSwartschewsky 1906
Haliclona pulchra(Swartschewsky, 1906)OB6.3mSwartschewsky 1906; Koltun 1959
Haliclona merejkowskiiSwartschewsky, 1906KB, OB6–25mSwartschewsky, 1906; Koltun 1959
Haliclona sp. 1OB57mDerjugin 1928
Cladocroce ventilabrum(Fristedt, 1887)KB140.9mThis work
NiphatidaePachychalina schmidtiLundbeck, 1902OB, Ba6.5; 219mSwartschewsky 1906; Derjugin 1928; Koltun 1959
Hemigellius arcofer(Vosmaer, 1885)KB, OB5–10mKoltun 1959; Ereskovsky 1993b, 1995b
PoeciloscleridaAcarnidaeIophon frigidumLundbeck, 1905KB, GS172mDerjugin 1928; Koltun 1959
Iophon koltuniMorozov, Sabirov & Zimina, 2019KB17.1mThis work
Iophon piceum(Vosmaer, 1882)KB, GS, OB15–78mSwartschewsky 1906; Derjugin 1928; Rezvoy 1928; Koltun 1959; Ereskovsky 1993b, 1995b
CrellidaeCrellomima imparidensRezvoi, 1925KB, GS4–38mRezvoi 1925; Derjugin
1928; Koltun 1959;
Ereskovsky 1993b, 1995b
EsperiopsidaeAmphilectus ovulum(Schmidt, 1870)KB, OB,2–78; 219mMerejkowsky 1878, 1879;
DB, GS,Swartschewsky 1906;
BaDerjugin 1928; Koltun 1959;
Ereskovsky 1993b, 1995b
Amphilectus typichela(Lundbeck, 1905)OB, Ba10–57mDerjugin 1928; Koltun 1959;
Ereskovsky 1993b, 1995b
Semisuberites cribrosa(Miklucho-Maclay, 1870)KB, DB,18–172mRezvoy 1928; Derjugin 1928;
GSKoltun 1959; Ereskovsky
1993b, 1995b, 2010
HymedesmiidaeHymedesmiaLundbeck, 1910KB, OB,6–18mKoltun 1959; Ereskovsky
(Hymedesmia) irregularisDB, Ba1993b, 1995b
Hymedesmia (Stylopus)Lundbeck, 1910KB15–20mDerjugin 1928; Koltun 1959
longurius
HymedesmiaLundbeck, 1910GS78mDerjugin 1928; Koltun 1959
(Hymedesmia) procumbens
HymedesmiaLundbeck, 1910KB, DB,78–82mDerjugin 1928
(Hymedesmia) proximaGS
Phorbas kovdaicum(Rezvoi, 1925)KB, OB,15mRezvoi 1925; Derjugin 1928;
Koltun 1959
Plocamionida ambigua(Bowerbank, 1866)KB, OB,10–34mRezvoy 1928; Koltun 1959;
DB, GS,Ereskovsky 1995b
MB, Ba
IsodictyidaeIsodictya palmata(Ellis & Solander, 1786)KB, OB10–78mMerejkowsky 1878, 1879;
Swartschewsky 1906;
Derjugin 1928; Koltun 1959;
Ereskovsky 1993b, 1995b,
2010
MicrocionidaeArtemisina arcigera(Schmidt, 1870)KB78–170mDerjugin 1928; Koltun, 1959;
Ereskovsky 1993b, 1995b
Clathria (Microciona)(Bowerbank, 1862)KB, OB,30–74mSwartschewsky 1906;
armataDB, GSDerjugin 1928; Koltun, 1959;
Ereskovsky 1993b, 1995b
Clathria (Microciona)(Hentschel, 1929)KB, OB,8–16m;Koltun 1959; Ereskovsky
heterotoxaBa–130m1993b, 1995b
MycalidaeMycale (Naviculina)Lundbeck, 1905KB, OB,6–15mSwartschewsky 1906;
thaumatochelaGS, MB,Derjugin 1928; Koltun, 1959;
BaEreskovsky 1993b, 1995b
MyxillidaeMyxilla brunneaHansen, 1885KB, OB,20–172mDerjugin 1928; Koltun 1959;
GSEreskovsky 1993b, 1995b
Myxilla (Myxilla)Swartschevsky, 1905KB26mSwartschewsky 1906
hastatispiculata
Myxilla (Myxilla)(Johnston, 1842)KB, OB,18–72mMerejkowsky 1878, 1879;
incrustansGS, MBSwartschewsky 1906;
Derjugin 1928; Koltun 1959;
Ereskovsky 1993b, 1995b
Myxilla (Myxilla)Swartschevsky, 1906OB36mSwartschewsky 1906
iophonoides
CrellidaeCrella gerzensteini(Swartschevsky, 1906)KB22mSwartschewsky, 1906
PolymastiidaPolymastiidaePolymastia arctica(Merejkowsky, 1878)KB, OB,5–109mMerejkowsky 1878, 1879;
GS, BaSwartschewsky, 1906;
Rezvoy 1928; Derjugin 1928;
Koltun 1966; Ereskovsky
1993b, 1995b, 2010; Plotkin
2004; Plotkin & Boury-
Esnault 2004; Plotkin et al.
2012; Plotkin et al. 2018
Polymastia grimaldii(Topsent, 1913)KB, OB,18–100mKoltun 1966; Ereskovsky
GS, Ba1993b, 1995b; Plotkin 2004;
Plotkin et al. 2012; Plotkin et
al. 2018
Polymastia nivea(Hansen, 1885)KB, DB,10–23mKoltun 1966; Plotkin et al.
GS, MB2018
Polymastia uberrima(Schmidt, 1870)KB, GS60mKoltun 1966; Ereskovsky
1993a,b, 1995b; Plotkin
2004; Plotkin et al. 2012,
2018
Sphaerotylus borealis(Swartschewsky, 1906)KB, OB,4–57mSwartschewsky 1906;
DB, GS,Rezvoy 1928; Derjugin 1928;
BaKoltun 1966; Ereskovsky
1993b, 1995b; Plotkin 2004;
Plotkin et al. 2018
SuberitidaHalichondriidaeHalichondria(Pallas, 1766)KB, OB,0–170mSwartschewsky 1906;
(Halichondria) paniceaDB, GS,Rezvoy 1928; Derjugin 1928;
MB, BaKoltun 1959; Ereskovsky
1993b, 1995b, 2010
Halichondria (Eumastia)(Schmidt, 1870)KB, OB,1–78mSwartschewsky 1906;
sitiensDB, GS,Derjugin 1928; Koltun 1959;
MB, BaEreskovsky 1993b, 1995b,
2010
HalichondriaSwartschewsky, 1906OB6–20mSwartschewsky 1906; Koltun
(Halichondria)1959
axinelloides
Halichondria lonade Laubenfels, 1936OB10–20mSwartschewsky 1906; Koltun
1959
Terpios fugaxDuchassaing & Michelotti,KB, OB,10–200mEreskovsky 1993b, 1995b
1864DB, GS,
Ba
TethyidaTethyidaeTethya norvegica(Bowerbank, 1872)KB, OB9–15mMerejkowsky 1878, 1879;
Koltun 1966; Ereskovsky
1993b, 1995b
SubclassDendroceratidaDarwinellidaeAplysilla glacialis(Merejkowsky, 1878)KB, OB10–30mMerejkowsky 1878, 1879;
KeratosaDerjugin 1928; Ereskovsky
1993a,b, 1995b
DictyoceratidaDysideidaeDysidea fragilis(Montagu, 1814)OB, GS25–87mRezvoy 1928; Derjugin 1928;
Koltun 1959; Ereskovsky
1993b, 1995b
ChondrillidaHalisarcidaeHalisarca dujardiniiJohnston, 1842KB, OB,0.5–18mMerejkowsky 1878, 1879;
SubclassGSDerjugin 1928; Ereskovsky
Verongimorpha1993a,b, 1995b, 2010;
Ereskovsky et al. 2011