A time relic: a new species of dwarf boa, Tropidophis Bibron, 1840 (Serpentes: Amerophidia), from the Upper Amazon Basin Author Ortega-Andrade, H. Mauricio 9AF4E675-6998-4081-8B7F-C63A93850942 Biogeography and Spatial Ecology Research Group, Life Sciences Faculty, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, Tena, Napo, Ecuador. & Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, INABIO, Quito, Ecuador. mauricio.ortega@ikiam.edu.ec Author Bentley, Alexander EFCB5564-7F44-482A-A7F7-65D83202D5D2 Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, INABIO, Quito, Ecuador. & Sumak Kawsay In Situ, Vía Río Anzu km 14, Mera, Pastaza, Ecuador. & Waska Amazonía, Vía Río Anzu ciudadela ecológico Waska, Mera, Pastaza, Ecuador. agbentley77@gmail.com Author Koch, Claudia E4A1F57D-3699-47B1-B45D-2D76E31DBB7D Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change / ZFMK, Museum Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, 53113, Bonn, Germany. c.koch@leibniz-lib.de Author Yánez-Muñoz, Mario H. D62EB482-81F7-435A-837C-AD57D6C0B422 Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, INABIO, Quito, Ecuador. mario.ianez@biodiversidad.gob.ec Author Entiauspe-Neto, Omar M. C34B5FB1-0CAB-4AEC-9253-7CBDDCCEE9D9 Laboratório de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan, 05503 - 90, Av. Vital Brazil, 1500, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. & Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 91501 - 970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. omarentiauspe@hotmail.com text European Journal of Taxonomy 2022 2022-12-29 854 1 1 107 http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.854.2021 journal article 222435 10.5852/ejt.2022.854.2021 9333695a-96ff-4ffe-a639-b75433682bee 2118-9773 7501327 8EA03380-77C9-4DA8-9A4E-9005D19D91E4

Table 2. Morphological comparisons among mainland Tropidophis Bibron, 1840 of South America. Diagnostic characters of Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov. are highlighted in bold. Supporting data from Curcio et al. 2012 are indicated with an asterisk (*). Species with confirmed records from the Andes mountain range are indicated with a dagger (†).

	Tro. cacuangoae sp. nov. †	Tro. battersbyi	Tro. taczanowksyi * †	Tro. grapiuna *	Tro. paucisquamis *	Tro. preciosus *
Dorsals	23/22/17 (n = 1) or	21/23/17 (n = 1)	23/23/21 (n = 7),	23/23/19 (n = 1)	16/21/15 (n = 1), 21/21/15	23/23/17 (n = 1)
	22/23/17 (n = 1)		25/23/21 (n = 4), or		(n = 12), 21/21/16 (n = 3),
			23/23/19 (n = 2)		21/21/17 (n = 2), 21/23/17
					(n = 2), 23/23/16 (n =
					2), 23/23/17 (n = 14),
					23/23/18 (n = 1), 23/23/19
					(n = 3)
Keels	present, small or indistinct	absent	present, conspicuous	present	absent or indistinct	absent
Ventrals	162 (♂) (n = 1);	200 (♂) (n = 1)	148–160 (♂) (n = 4);	154–155 (♀) (n = 2)	164–178 (♂) (n = 20);	196–203 (♀) (n = 2)
	156 (♀) (n = 1)		146–156 (♀) (n = 9)		167–183 (♀) (n = 30)
Rostral scale	present, entire	present, entire	present, entire	present, entire	present, entire	present, entire
Temporals	3 + 4 + 3 (n = 1) or	3 + 4 (n = 1)	2 + 3 (n = 13)	2 + 3 (n = 2)	2 + 3 (n = 8)	2 + 3 (n = 2)
	2 + 3 + 3 (n = 1)
Subcaudals	33 (♂) (n = 1);	41 (♂) (n = 1)	25–33 (♂) (n = 9);	26–30 (♀) (n = 2)	29–38 (♂) (n = 19); 30–37	27 (♀) (n = 1)
	30 (♀) (n = 1)		23–27 (♀) (n = 4)		(♀) (n = 29)
Supralabials	8–10 (n = 2)	11 (n = 1)	8–11 (n = 13)	10–11 (n = 2)	8–10 (n = 12)	9–10 (n = 1)
Infralabials	9–10 (n = 2)	11 (n = 1)	9–11 (n = 13)	11–12 (n = 2)	8–11 (n = 12)	11–12 (n = 2)
Dorsal pattern	uniformly light brown,	large dark brown	striped-spotted, lateral	small dark brown	small dark brown spots	irregular dark brown
	small diffuse brown spots	spots over a light gray	orange stripes over a	spots over a dark	over a dark brown	blotches over a dark
		background	dark brown background	brown background	background, vertebral	brown background
					light brown stripe
Ventral pattern	large black blotches on an	alternating black	alternating black	alternating black	large black elliptical	alternating large black
	orange background	elliptical blotches	squares on a white	elliptical blotches	blotches on an orange	squares
			background		background
Eyelashes	absent	absent	absent	absent	absent	absent
Parietal contact	in contact	separated	usually separated	separated	in contact	in contact
Interparietals	absent or small	present, conspicuous	present, conspicuous	present, conspicuous	usually absent	absent
Maximum SVL (mm)	320 (♂), 255 (♀)	299 (♂)	335 (♂), 348 (♀)	289 (♀)	336 (♂), 357 (♀)	449 (♀)
Geographic	Northeastern Ecuador	Ecuador, but likely	Southeastern Ecuador	Northeastern Brazil	Southeastern Brazil	Southeastern Brazil
distribution		from Greater Antilles	and Northeastern Peru.