Holothuria (Semperothuria) roseomaculata n. sp. (Aspidochirotida: Holothuriidae), a coral-reef inhabiting sea cucumber from the western Pacific Ocean Author Kerr, Alexander M. text Zootaxa 2013 3641 4 384 394 journal article 43627 10.11646/zootaxa.3641.4.5 5702dfe6-3e6b-4ab7-b249-b40602a057a9 1175-5326 219285 98BA29AC-6EE5-43E0-8464-D07E845E75D8

TABLE 1. Characters distinguishing H. (S.) roseomaculata n. sp. and H. (S.) flavomaculata. Preserved length as untransformed arithmetic mean and one standard deviation based on specimens housed at the Florida Museum of Natural History; n = sample size.

Character	H. (S.) r oseomaculata n. sp.	H. (S.) flavomaculata
Preserved length (cm)	16.4 ± 7.6 (n = 5)	12.4 ± 6.0 (n = 8)
Dorsal papillae shape	Broad and conical, appearing spiky and sometimes slightly curved when fully extended.	Thin, subacuminate, straight.
Dorsal papillae colour	Top half white when fully extended, bottom half rose, appearing all rose when papillae somewhat contracted. In alcohol, large white circular spots to bumps.	Bright yellow throughout. In alcohol, appearing as tiny yellow to white bumps or spots, or not visible in contracted specimens.
Oral collar papillae	About half as long as dorsal papillae.	About the same length as dorsal papillae.
Tentacle pad colour	Dark bordered by brownish orange.	Dark bordered by brownish yellow.
Body colour	Deep reddish brown in life, bluish grey in preserved specimens.	Dark brown to bluish grey in life, usually darker in preserved specimens.
Rod ossicles	Often thin and of relatively uniform diametre, variable in length, occasionally quite long, covered in widely spaced short spikes or knobs.	Fusiform, most of uniform length, crowded with well-developed molariform knobs, and resembling elongate pine-cones.
Habitat	Shallow reef flats in seagrass, lagoons and reef slopes associated with corals and silty sand.	Lagoons and reef slopes associated with corals and silty sand.
Behaviour	Fully exposed and epibenthic day or night amongst seagrass, rubble or live coral, occasionally semi-cryptic with only anterior end emerging from crevice day or night.	Hidden in crevices amongst rubble or live coral during day and semi-cryptic at night with only anterior end emergent.
Abundance	Can occur at high densities, to several individuals per square meter in seagrass meadows in shallow water; in other habitats usually seen as single to at most a few individuals at a time.	Usually seen as single to at most a few individuals at a time.
Geographic range	Westernmost Pacific Ocean from Okinawa south to New Caledonia, and as far east as Pohnpei, FSM, and Vanuatu, and possibly Fiji.	From the northern Red Sea and Madagascar across the Indian Ocean to the Pacific, most of Micronesia, throughout Polynesia, including Hawaii, to Clipperton Island in the eastern Pacific.
Acknowledgements